DISTRIBUTION OF SLC6A4 PROMOTOR POLYMOPHISM IN FOOTBALL PLAYERS

Abstract

Serotonin, which is the most important biomarker affecting human psychology, can also negatively affect the athletic performance of the athlete. The aim of our study was to examine the distribution of “S” and “L” alleles in the promoter region of the SLC6A4 gene associated with anxiety in healthy professional football players. 19 professional football players between the ages of 15-29 who actively used a training program for at least 4 days a week and 45 individuals who did not use any exercise program (control group) participated in our study. After obtaining the necessary ethics committee permissions, consent forms describing the results and outcomes of the study protocol were signed by the participants. Afterwards, intraoral epithelial cells were taken from individuals who participated in our study, and DNA isolation was performed. Genotyping of all polymorphisms was determined using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. The numbers and percentages of the LL, LS, SS genotypes of the SLC6A4 gene in the football players participating in our study were determined as 11 (57.8%), 4 (21.1%), and 4 (21.1%), respectively. In our study cohort, 26 (68.4%) L allele and 12 (31.6%) S allele were observed. When the promoter region of the SLC6A4 gene was examined in our study cohort, LL genotype was found to be dominant, while the L allele was found to be higher than the S allele. In the control group, the same genotype number and percentages were determined as 12 (26.7%), 24 (53.3%) and 9 (20%), respectively. In the control group, the allelic distribution was observed as 48 (53.3%) for the L allele and 42 (46.7%) for the S allele. While genotype distributions (p=0.0001) were found between the athlete group and the control group, statistically significant difference was found between both groups by their allelic distribution (p=0.0425). As a result, it was concluded in our study that the determination of SLC6A4 promoter polymorphisms may help prevent anxiety and cognitive anxiety in athletes in the early period.

Keywords

• Sports
• Genetics
• Polymorphism
• SLC6A4
• Anxiety

FUTBOLCULARDA SLC6A4 PROMOTÖR POLİMORFİZMİNİN DAĞILIMI

Abstract

İnsan psikolojisini etkileyen ve en önemli bir biyobelirteç olan serotonin, sporcunun atletik performansını da olumsuz yönde etkileyebilmektedir. Çalışmamızın amacı, sağlıklı profesyonel futbolcularda anksiyete ile bağlantılı SLC6A4 geni promotör bölgesinde “S” ve “L” allel dağılımının incelenmesidir. Çalışmamıza aktif olarak haftada en az 4 gün antrenman programı uygulayan 15-29 yaş arası 19 profesyonel futbolcu ve herhangi bir egzersiz programı uygulamayan (kontrol grubu) 45 birey katıldı. Gerekli etik kurul izinleri alındıktan sonra çalışma protokolunun sonuç ve çıktılarını anlatan onam formları katılımcılara imzalatıldı. Çalışmamıza katılan bireylerden daha sonra ağız içi epitel hücreleri alınarak DNA izolasyonu gerçekleştirildi. Tüm polimorfizmlerin genotiplemesi, polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PZR) metodu kullanılarak belirlendi. Çalışmamıza katılan futbolcularda SLC6A4 geninin LL, LS, SS genotiplerinin sayı ve yüzdeleri sırasıyla 11(%57,8), 4(%21,1), 4(%21,1) olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışma kohortumuzda L alleli 26 (%68,4), S alleli ise 12 (%31,6) oranında gözlemlenmiştir. Çalışma grubumuzda SLC6A4 geninin promotör bölgesi incelendiğinde, LL genotipi baskın olarak bulunurken, L alleli de S alleline göre daha yüksek oranda bulunmuştur. Kontrol grubunda ise aynı genotip sayı ve yüzdeleri sırası ile 12 (%26,7), 24 (%53,3) ve 9 (%20) olarak belirlenmiştir. Kontrol grubundaki allelik dağılımı ise L alleli 48(%53,3), S alleli 42 (%46,7) olarak gözlenmiştir. Sporcu grubu ile kontrol grubu arasında genotip dağılımlarında (p=0,0001) bulunurken, allelik dağılımlarında (p=0,0425) bulunarak her iki grup arasında da istatiksel açıdan anlamlı farklılık saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak çalışmamızda SLC6A4 promotör polimorfizmlerinin belirlenmesinin, sporcularda oluşan anksiyete ve bilişsel kaygı düzeyinin erken dönemde önlenmesine yardımcı olabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Keywords

• Genetik
• Polimorfizm
• SLC6A4
• Spor
• anksiyete

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