Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop a valid and reliable scale to measure the perceptions of retirement process of individuals who quit professional football. 147 voluntary individuals who quit professional football participated in the study. The scale used was 5 Likert type. In the exploratory factor analysis conducted concerning 40 items in the scale in order to check validity of scale; it was determined that the scale was a 5-factor scale and the number of items was reduced to 23. In order to test the reliability of the scale, Cronbach Alfa score was used and the reliability was determined to be 0,6576. As a result, findings support the use of the “Perception Scale of Professional Football Career Termination Experience (PSPFCTE)” to measure the perceptions of career termination process of individuals who have retired from the professional football.
References
- Lewis LE. A Career profile of professional athletes: A study of the effect of professional football on social support, career perceptions and expectations and pre-retirement planning, PhD thesis, University of Minnesota, 1997.
- Taylor J, Ogilvie BC. A conceptual model of adaptation to retirement among athletes, Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 1994, 6: 1-20.
- Ogilvie BC, Taylor J. Career termination issues among elite athletes. In: Singer RN, Murphey M, Tennant LK, editors, Handbook of research on sport psychology, New York: Macmillan, 1993.
- Baillie PHF, Danish SJ. Understanding the career transition of athletes, The Psychologist, 1992, 6: 77-98.
- Wylleman P, Alfermann D, Lavallee D, Career transitions in sport, Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2004, 5: 7-20.
- Huang Z. Athletic career transition in former Chinese elite athletes: An empirical investigation and cross-cultural comparison with findings from Germany, PhD thesis, Universitat der Bundeswehr, 2002.
- Coakley SC. A phenomenological exploration of the sport-career transition experiences that affect subjective wellbeing of former national football league players, PhD thesis, University of North Carolina, 2006.
- Alfermann D, Stambulova N, Zemaityte A. Reactions to sport career termination: A cross-national comparison of German, Lithuanian and Russian athletes, Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2004, 5(1): 61-75.
- Erpič SC, Wylleman P, Zupančič M. The effect of athletic and non-athletic factors on the sports career termination process, Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2004, 5: 45-59.
- Torregrosa M, Boixados M, Valiente L, Cruz J. Elite athletes’ image of retirement: The way to relocation in sport, Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2004, 5(1): 35-43.
- Stambulova N, Stephan Y, Jäphag U. Athletic retirement: A cross-national comparison of elite French and Swedish athletes, Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2007, 8: 101-118.
- Erkuş A. Bilimsel Araştırma Sarmalı, Seçkin Yayıncılık, Ankara, 2005.
- Büyüköztürk Ş. Sosyal Bilimler İçin Veri Analizi El Kitabı, Pegem Yayıncılık, Ankara, 2007.
- MacCallum RC, Widaman KF, Zhang s, Hong S. Sample size in factor analysis, Psychological Methods, 1999, 4(1): 84-99. Albayrak AS. Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Teknikleri, Asil Yayın, Ankara, 2006.
- Cronbach LJ. Coefficient alpha and internal structure of tests, Pyschometrica, 1951, 16: 297-334.
- Gliem JA, Gliem RR. Calculating, interpreting, and reporting Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient for Likert-type scales, Midwest Research-to-Practice Conference in Adult, Continuing, and Community Education, The Ohio State University; 8-10 October 2003.
Abstract
Bu çalışmanın amacı, profesyonel futbolu bırakan bireylerin bırakma yaşantılarını algılamalarını ölçebilecek
geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı geliştirmektir. Çalışmaya, profesyonel futbolu bırakmış 147 birey gönüllü
olarak katılmıştır. Geliştirilen ölçek, 5’li Likert tipindedir. Ölçeğin geçerliğini test etmek amacıyla ölçekte
bulunan 40 maddeye ilişkin yapılan faktör analizinde; ölçeğin 5 faktörlü olduğu tespit edilmiş ve madde sayısı
da 23’e indirilmiştir. Ölçeğin güvenirliğini test etmek için ise Cronbach Alfa güvenirlik katsayısına bakılmış
ve bu değer 0,6576 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak; profesyonel futbolu bırakmış bireylerin, futbolu
bırakma yaşantılarını algılamalarını ölçmek amacıyla hazırlanan “Profesyonel Futbolu Bırakma Yaşantısını
Algılama Ölçeği (PFBYAÖ)”nin, yapılan geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması sonucunda kullanılabilir bir ölçüm aracı
olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Profesyonel futbolu bırakma, ölçek, geçerlik, güvenirlik.
References
- Lewis LE. A Career profile of professional athletes: A study of the effect of professional football on social support, career perceptions and expectations and pre-retirement planning, PhD thesis, University of Minnesota, 1997.
- Taylor J, Ogilvie BC. A conceptual model of adaptation to retirement among athletes, Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 1994, 6: 1-20.
- Ogilvie BC, Taylor J. Career termination issues among elite athletes. In: Singer RN, Murphey M, Tennant LK, editors, Handbook of research on sport psychology, New York: Macmillan, 1993.
- Baillie PHF, Danish SJ. Understanding the career transition of athletes, The Psychologist, 1992, 6: 77-98.
- Wylleman P, Alfermann D, Lavallee D, Career transitions in sport, Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2004, 5: 7-20.
- Huang Z. Athletic career transition in former Chinese elite athletes: An empirical investigation and cross-cultural comparison with findings from Germany, PhD thesis, Universitat der Bundeswehr, 2002.
- Coakley SC. A phenomenological exploration of the sport-career transition experiences that affect subjective wellbeing of former national football league players, PhD thesis, University of North Carolina, 2006.
- Alfermann D, Stambulova N, Zemaityte A. Reactions to sport career termination: A cross-national comparison of German, Lithuanian and Russian athletes, Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2004, 5(1): 61-75.
- Erpič SC, Wylleman P, Zupančič M. The effect of athletic and non-athletic factors on the sports career termination process, Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2004, 5: 45-59.
- Torregrosa M, Boixados M, Valiente L, Cruz J. Elite athletes’ image of retirement: The way to relocation in sport, Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2004, 5(1): 35-43.
- Stambulova N, Stephan Y, Jäphag U. Athletic retirement: A cross-national comparison of elite French and Swedish athletes, Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2007, 8: 101-118.
- Erkuş A. Bilimsel Araştırma Sarmalı, Seçkin Yayıncılık, Ankara, 2005.
- Büyüköztürk Ş. Sosyal Bilimler İçin Veri Analizi El Kitabı, Pegem Yayıncılık, Ankara, 2007.
- MacCallum RC, Widaman KF, Zhang s, Hong S. Sample size in factor analysis, Psychological Methods, 1999, 4(1): 84-99. Albayrak AS. Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Teknikleri, Asil Yayın, Ankara, 2006.
- Cronbach LJ. Coefficient alpha and internal structure of tests, Pyschometrica, 1951, 16: 297-334.
- Gliem JA, Gliem RR. Calculating, interpreting, and reporting Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient for Likert-type scales, Midwest Research-to-Practice Conference in Adult, Continuing, and Community Education, The Ohio State University; 8-10 October 2003.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Psiko Sosyal Alanlar |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | January 2, 2014 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2014 Volume: 5 Issue: 1 |