Research Article
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EXAMINATION OF PSYCHOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE OF ATHLETES WHO PARTICIPATE IN OUTDOOR SPORTS

Year 2018, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 74 - 85, 05.08.2018
https://doi.org/10.17155/omuspd.327104

Abstract

The aim of this research is to show the
psychological performance of athletes who participate in a variety of outdoor sports. This
study is of paramount importance due to a lack of research on this particular subject
in Turkey. The universe of the research involves individuals who took part in
outdoor sports between 2015 and 2016. The sample of the study consists of 304
people with an interest in outdoor sports in various cities in Turkey: Gaziantep,
Istanbul, Izmir, Ankara and Antalya.  In the research, "Inventory of
Psychological Performance' developed by Loehr (1986) and adopted into Turkish
was used to reveal the profile of athletes’ intellectual skills. As a result,
statistically significant differences were found in variables of gender,
marital status, age and experience (p<0.05). No statistical difference was
found in educational status and the type of outdoor sport. It can be said that psychological
performance is an important factor for athletes. In order to reach targeted success
and to achieve a higher level of athletic performance, it's suggested that psychological
support should be given to athletes and more research should be done on the subject.

References

  • Godbey G. Outdoor Recreation, Health, and Wellness. Understanding and Enhancing the Relationship, Resources for the Future, 2009; May: 1-29.
  • Gürer B. Investigating The Leadership Skills In Outdoor Sports & Search And Rescue, Abant İzzet Baysal University, Unpublished PhD thesis, 2012; 178.
  • Carr A. Mountain Madness: Guided Mountaineering In New Zealand's Southern Alps, The Adventure Experience Paradigm And Non-Outdoor Leisure Pursuits, Department Of Tourism, University Of Otago, New Zealand, 1998; (1): 3-5.
  • McKenzie MD. How are adventure education program outcomes achieved?: A review of the literatüre, Australian Journal of Outdoor Education, 2000; (5)1: 19-28.
  • Voigt D. Spor Sosyolojisi, Kurtiş Matbaacılık, İstanbul, 1998; s. 94
  • Bottenburg MV, Salome L. The indoorisation of outdoor sports: an exploration of the rise of lifestyle sports in artificial settings. Leisure studies, 2010; 29(2): 143-160.
  • Puchan H. "Living “extreme”: Adventure sports, media and commercialisation". Journal of Communication Management, 2005; 9(2): 171-178.
  • Cordell HK. The latest trends in nature-based outdoor recreation. Forest history today, Spring, 2008; 7-8.
  • Tavacıoğlu L. Spor Psikolojisi Bilişsel Değerlendirmeler. Ankara: Bağırgan Yayımevi, 1999.
  • Cox RH. Sport Psychology. Concepts and Applications. 7th ed., New York: McGraw-Hill, 2012; 297-298.
  • Gucciardi DF, Gordon S, Dimmock JA. Towards an understanding of mental toughness in Australian football. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 2008; 20(3): 261-281.
  • Jones G, Hanton S, Connaughton D. What is this thing called mental toughness? An investigation of elite sport performers, Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 2002; (14): 205-218.
  • Jones G. A framework of mental toughness in the world’s best performers, The Sport Psychologist, 2007; (21): 243–264.
  • Bayraktar B, Kurtoğlu M. Sporda Performans, Etkili Faktörler, Değerlendirilmesi ve Artırılması. Klinik Gelişim, 2009; 22(1): 16-24.
  • Loehr JE. Athletic Excellence: Mental toughness training for sports, 1st ed. New York: Plume, 1982.
  • Erman KA, Şahan A, Tercan E, Soydaş Ş. Psikolojik performans Envanterinin Türkçe’ye Uyarlanması. 7.Uluslararası Spor Bilimleri Kongresi. Antalya, 2002; 100.
  • Erdoğan N. Zihinsel Dayanıklılık Ölçeği (ZDÖ): Türkçe'ye Uyarlama, Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. International Journal of Science Culture and Sport, 2016; 4 (Special Issue 2).
  • Middleton SC, Marsh HW, Martin AJ, Richards GE, Savis J, Perry Jr, C Brown R. The Psychological Performance Inventory: Is the mental toughness test tough enough? International Journal of Sport Psychology, 2004; 35(2): 91-108.
  • Eroğlu O, Zileli R. Genetik Faktörlerin Sportif Performansa Etkisi. Uluslararası Spor, Egzersiz ve Antrenman Bilimi Dergisi, 2015; 1(1): 63-76.
  • Loehr JE. Mental toughness training for sports: Achieving athletic excellence. Lexington, MA: Stephen Greene Press, 1986; 157-160.
  • Deci EL, Koestner R, Ryan RM. A meta-analytic review of experiments examining the effects of extrinsic rewards on intrinsic motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 1999; 125(6): 627–668.
  • Demirhan G. Mountaineers' Risk Perception in Outdoor-Adventure Sports: A Study of Sex and Sports Experience, Perceptual and Motor Skills, 2005; 100 (3): 1155-1160.
  • Ardahan F, Mert M. Yaşam Doyumu, Ekolojik Algı ve Duygusal Zekânın Bireylerin Rekreasyonel Doğa Sporlarına Katılmasına Etkisinin Sorgulanması: Türkiye İçin Logit Analizi. Iğdır Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2014; (6): 141-177.
  • Kerr JH, Vlaminkx J. Gender differences in the experience of risk. Personality and Individual Differences, 1997; 22(2): 293-295.
  • Backe S, Ericson L, Janson S, Timpka T. Rock climbing injury rates and associated risk factors in a general climbing population. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 2009; 19(6); 850–856.
  • Grahn P, Stigsdotter U. Landscape Planning and Stress. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, 2003; (2): 1–18.
  • Kunz JL, Graham K. Life Cource Changes in Alcohol Consumption in Leisure Activities of Men and Women. Journal of Drug, 1996; (26): 805-827.
  • Sağcan M. Rekreasyon ve Turizm, İzmir: Cumhuriyet Basımevi, 1986.
  • McAuley E, Gill DL. Reliability and validity of the Physical Self-Efficacy Scale in a competitive sport setting. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 1983; (5): 410-418.
  • Mahoney JW, Gucciardi DF, Mallett CJ, Ntoumanis N. Adolescent performers’ perspectives on mental toughness and its development: The Utility of the Bioecological Model. Sport Psychologist, 2014; 28 (3): 233-244.
  • Boyes MA, O’Hare D. Examining naturalistic decision making in outdoor adventure contexts by computer simulation. Australian Journal of Outdoor Education, 2011; 15(1): 24-36.

DOĞA SPORLARI FAALİYETLERİNE KATILAN SPORCULARIN PSİKOLOJİK PERFORMANSLARININ İNCELENMESİ

Year 2018, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 74 - 85, 05.08.2018
https://doi.org/10.17155/omuspd.327104

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı
çeşitli doğa sporlarına katılan bireylerin psikolojik performans durumlarının
ortaya konmasıdır. Türkiye’de doğa sporları yapan kişiler üzerine az sayıda
psikolojik araştırma yapılmış olması bu araştırmayı önemli yapmaktadır.
Araştırmanın evrenini 2015-2016 yılında Türkiye’de doğa sporları yapan bireyler
oluşturmaktadır. Örneklemi ise Gaziantep, İstanbul, İzmir, Ankara ve Antalya’da
çeşitli doğa sporları ile uğraşan 304 kişi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada Loehr
(1986) tarafından geliştirilen ve daha sonra Türkçe’ye uyarlanmış sporcunun
zihinsel becerilerinin profilini ortaya çıkaran Psikolojik Performans Envanteri
kullanılmıştır. Sonuçta, cinsiyet, medeni durum, yaş ve deneyim değişkenleri
ile istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklara rastlanmıştır (p<0,05). Eğitim durumu
ve yapılan doğa sporu türünde istatistiksel bir farka rastlanmamıştır. Psikolojik
performansın, doğa sporcuları için önemli bir etken olduğu söylenebilir. Hedeflenen
başarıya ulaşmada ve sporcu performansının daha üst seviyelere çekilebilmesi
için sporculara psikolojik desteklerin verilmesi ve bu konuda çalışmalar
yapılması önerilmektedir.

References

  • Godbey G. Outdoor Recreation, Health, and Wellness. Understanding and Enhancing the Relationship, Resources for the Future, 2009; May: 1-29.
  • Gürer B. Investigating The Leadership Skills In Outdoor Sports & Search And Rescue, Abant İzzet Baysal University, Unpublished PhD thesis, 2012; 178.
  • Carr A. Mountain Madness: Guided Mountaineering In New Zealand's Southern Alps, The Adventure Experience Paradigm And Non-Outdoor Leisure Pursuits, Department Of Tourism, University Of Otago, New Zealand, 1998; (1): 3-5.
  • McKenzie MD. How are adventure education program outcomes achieved?: A review of the literatüre, Australian Journal of Outdoor Education, 2000; (5)1: 19-28.
  • Voigt D. Spor Sosyolojisi, Kurtiş Matbaacılık, İstanbul, 1998; s. 94
  • Bottenburg MV, Salome L. The indoorisation of outdoor sports: an exploration of the rise of lifestyle sports in artificial settings. Leisure studies, 2010; 29(2): 143-160.
  • Puchan H. "Living “extreme”: Adventure sports, media and commercialisation". Journal of Communication Management, 2005; 9(2): 171-178.
  • Cordell HK. The latest trends in nature-based outdoor recreation. Forest history today, Spring, 2008; 7-8.
  • Tavacıoğlu L. Spor Psikolojisi Bilişsel Değerlendirmeler. Ankara: Bağırgan Yayımevi, 1999.
  • Cox RH. Sport Psychology. Concepts and Applications. 7th ed., New York: McGraw-Hill, 2012; 297-298.
  • Gucciardi DF, Gordon S, Dimmock JA. Towards an understanding of mental toughness in Australian football. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 2008; 20(3): 261-281.
  • Jones G, Hanton S, Connaughton D. What is this thing called mental toughness? An investigation of elite sport performers, Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 2002; (14): 205-218.
  • Jones G. A framework of mental toughness in the world’s best performers, The Sport Psychologist, 2007; (21): 243–264.
  • Bayraktar B, Kurtoğlu M. Sporda Performans, Etkili Faktörler, Değerlendirilmesi ve Artırılması. Klinik Gelişim, 2009; 22(1): 16-24.
  • Loehr JE. Athletic Excellence: Mental toughness training for sports, 1st ed. New York: Plume, 1982.
  • Erman KA, Şahan A, Tercan E, Soydaş Ş. Psikolojik performans Envanterinin Türkçe’ye Uyarlanması. 7.Uluslararası Spor Bilimleri Kongresi. Antalya, 2002; 100.
  • Erdoğan N. Zihinsel Dayanıklılık Ölçeği (ZDÖ): Türkçe'ye Uyarlama, Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. International Journal of Science Culture and Sport, 2016; 4 (Special Issue 2).
  • Middleton SC, Marsh HW, Martin AJ, Richards GE, Savis J, Perry Jr, C Brown R. The Psychological Performance Inventory: Is the mental toughness test tough enough? International Journal of Sport Psychology, 2004; 35(2): 91-108.
  • Eroğlu O, Zileli R. Genetik Faktörlerin Sportif Performansa Etkisi. Uluslararası Spor, Egzersiz ve Antrenman Bilimi Dergisi, 2015; 1(1): 63-76.
  • Loehr JE. Mental toughness training for sports: Achieving athletic excellence. Lexington, MA: Stephen Greene Press, 1986; 157-160.
  • Deci EL, Koestner R, Ryan RM. A meta-analytic review of experiments examining the effects of extrinsic rewards on intrinsic motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 1999; 125(6): 627–668.
  • Demirhan G. Mountaineers' Risk Perception in Outdoor-Adventure Sports: A Study of Sex and Sports Experience, Perceptual and Motor Skills, 2005; 100 (3): 1155-1160.
  • Ardahan F, Mert M. Yaşam Doyumu, Ekolojik Algı ve Duygusal Zekânın Bireylerin Rekreasyonel Doğa Sporlarına Katılmasına Etkisinin Sorgulanması: Türkiye İçin Logit Analizi. Iğdır Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2014; (6): 141-177.
  • Kerr JH, Vlaminkx J. Gender differences in the experience of risk. Personality and Individual Differences, 1997; 22(2): 293-295.
  • Backe S, Ericson L, Janson S, Timpka T. Rock climbing injury rates and associated risk factors in a general climbing population. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 2009; 19(6); 850–856.
  • Grahn P, Stigsdotter U. Landscape Planning and Stress. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, 2003; (2): 1–18.
  • Kunz JL, Graham K. Life Cource Changes in Alcohol Consumption in Leisure Activities of Men and Women. Journal of Drug, 1996; (26): 805-827.
  • Sağcan M. Rekreasyon ve Turizm, İzmir: Cumhuriyet Basımevi, 1986.
  • McAuley E, Gill DL. Reliability and validity of the Physical Self-Efficacy Scale in a competitive sport setting. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 1983; (5): 410-418.
  • Mahoney JW, Gucciardi DF, Mallett CJ, Ntoumanis N. Adolescent performers’ perspectives on mental toughness and its development: The Utility of the Bioecological Model. Sport Psychologist, 2014; 28 (3): 233-244.
  • Boyes MA, O’Hare D. Examining naturalistic decision making in outdoor adventure contexts by computer simulation. Australian Journal of Outdoor Education, 2011; 15(1): 24-36.
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Psiko Sosyal Alanlar
Authors

Burak Gürer

Fatih Bektaş

Burak Kural

Publication Date August 5, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 9 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Gürer, B., Bektaş, F., & Kural, B. (2018). DOĞA SPORLARI FAALİYETLERİNE KATILAN SPORCULARIN PSİKOLOJİK PERFORMANSLARININ İNCELENMESİ. Spor Ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 9(2), 74-85. https://doi.org/10.17155/omuspd.327104