ELİT FUTBOLCULARDA BİLATERAL VE İPSİLATERAL KUVVET ORANLARININ İNCELENMESİ

Year 2020, Volume: 11 Issue: 3, 172 - 181, 15.12.2020

Ali Kerim Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.17155/omuspd.791582

Abstract

Mevcut araştırmanın amacı, elit futbolcularda bilateral ve ipsilateral diz izokinetik kuvvet oranlarının incelenmesidir. Araştırmaya 19-28 yaş aralığında en az 10 yıl futbol antrenman geçmişine sahip ve aktif antrenman yapan 30 erkek (yaş 24,15 yıl, boy 177,59 cm, kilo 72,07 kg ve VKİ 23,09 kg/m2) gönüllü olarak katıldı. Deneklerin bilateral quadpceps/quadriceps (Q/Q) ve ipsilateral hamstring/quadriceps (H/Q) oranlarının hesaplanmasında dominant (DT) ve nondominant (NDT) taraflarına 60osn-1, 180osn-1 ve 240osn-1 açısal hızlarda konsantrik/konsantrik (Kon/Kon) diz ekstansyion (EKS) ve fleksiyon (FLEK) izokinetik kuvvet testi uygulandı. DT ve NDT kuvvetlerinin, bilateral ve ipsilatarel kuvvet oranlarının karşılaştırılması paired sample t-test kullanıldı. Deneklerin 60osn-1, 180osn-1 ve 240osn-1 açısal hızlarda izokinetik diz EKS ve FLEK kuvvetleri DT ve NDT taraflar arasında karşılaştırıldığında 60osn-1, 180osn-1 ve 240osn-1 açısal hızların tümünün EKS fazında DT lehine istatistiksel anlamlıklara rastlandı (p<0,05). Lateral asimetri oranları ise hem ipsilateral H/Q hemde bilateral O/Q ve H/H oranlarının karşılaştırmalarında sadece 60osn-1 açısal hızda anlamlılık tespit edildi (p<0,05). Sonuç olarak, elit futbolcularda DT taraflarının NDT taraflara göre tüm açısal hızlarda daha yüksek kuvvet ürettikleri, yüksek kuvvet gerektiren 60osn-1 açısal hızda hem bilateral hemde ipsilateral kuvvet farklılıkları ortaya çıkardıkları belirlendi. Bu sonuçlara göre futbolcuların hızlı ancak düşük kuvvet gerektiren yüksek açısal hzılarda sakatlık eğilimlerinin her iki ekstremite içinde benzer olduğu, fakat düşük açısal hızlarda hem bilateral hemde ipsilateral asimetrik farklılık ortaya çıkardıkları görüldü. İstatistiksel açıdan anlamlı olmasına rağmen 60osn-1 açısal hızda ortaya çıkan asimetrik farklılıkların literatürde belirtilen ipsilateral için %60-70 bilateral için %90-100 aralığında olması futbolcuların diz sakatlıkları adına güvenli aralıkta olduklarını gösterdi.

Keywords

Lateral asimetri, izokinetik diz kuvveti, sakatlık eğilimi

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