Review

Football-Related Violence in Turkey in relation to Collective Violence and Identity Fusion

Volume: 13 Number: 19 September 30, 2019
EN TR

Football-Related Violence in Turkey in relation to Collective Violence and Identity Fusion

Abstract

Football-related violence is an ever-growing problem all over the world. There exist a plethora of studies on the issue of violence in football, yet not many Studies have focused on collective violence and identity fusion as part of these violent behaviours by fan groups. This study mainly aims at investigating whether collective violence and identity fusion exist as reasons behind football-related violence in Turkey, a country hosting various ethnic communities living altogether. Thus, it is crucial to investigate violence in football in terms of psychological and social elements. In this study, sample occasions from violent behaviours of football fan groups based in Turkey, particularly those belonging to football teams playing in the Turkish Superlig, were collected to analyse how and in what ways collective violence and identity fusion occur in the game of football on and off the pitch.  According to the findings of this study, it was observed that regarding collective violence, though fan groups are not known to be violent, they follow the collective mind and get involved in protests, riots and violence on and off the pitch and that masculinity is an indispensable part of this violence, particularly in the Black Sea region of Turkey. In addition, it was seen that although identity fusion is not something common among fan groups in Turkey, Çarşı, the supporter group of Beşiktaş team, consists of members who are highly fused and that members of this group do not get involved in violence in football, on the contrary, they have acts such as preserving human rights, giving voice to social issues and helping those in need.     

Keywords

Collective violence,identity fusion,Turkey,Fan Groups

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APA
Reyhan, S. (2019). Football-Related Violence in Turkey in relation to Collective Violence and Identity Fusion. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 13(19), 2549-2561. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.562558