Pandemics in the History of Medicine and Variations of Pharmaceutical Market in Turkey During the Era of the Recent Covid-19 Corona Pandemic
Abstract
The concept of Turkish pharmaceutical market may be verbalized as a gradual propagation of economic progresses all over the world together with advancements in medical technologies which was first introduced in the USA after it began to affect the economy by all means considerably which triggered to take some new steps and measures within the framework of globalization in the early 1980’s accordingly. Pharmaceutical market, a subgroup of chemical industry, is an integral part of medical services. Pharmaceutical market is quite influential not only on international economy but also on human health. Turkey has advanced technology and manufacturing standards in pharmaceutics. Such expenditures as licensing, patent works, and advance technology manufacturing can be costly in medical market. The main reasons for why the pharmaceutical market grows include easy access to medical services and changes in demographic structure. It is a value-added sector with lots of opportunities to import and export. It is a strategic sector as it offers treatment services and lots of research development activities. In this study, have also been compared the drug market in Turkey, import-made in Turkey, medical products market foreign in the pharmaceutical market rates in Turkey. The concept of Turkish pharmaceutical market has been dealt within this research study initially. Afterwards, import and export rates in Turkey and, medical products market in Turkey have also been included. The purpose of this study is to search for and compare various constituent ingredients of Pharmaceutical Market in Turkey such as the market of Pharmaceutical products in terms of manufacturing and importing such products, the market of medicinal products, the rates of the foreign commerce within the scope of Pharmaceutical Market in Turkey and the related trimester data belonging to the years of 2018-2019 and 2020. The adopted method of this study construe with the findings in respect to the market of medicinal products, the market of manufactured and imported medicinal products, the Pharmaceutical Market and also the foreign trade rates of the medicinal products in Turkey by reflecting such data on tables or diagrams accordingly.
Keywords
Covid-19 , Pandemics , Turkey Pharmaceutical Market , Turkey Foreign Trade in the Pharmaceutical Market
References
- Açıkel C. (2014). 2014 Yılının en büyük salgını: Ebola virüs hastalığı. Gülhane Tıp Dergisi, 56, 194-197. Ayati N., Saiyarsarai P. and Nikfar S. (2020). Short and long term impacts of COVID-19 on the pharmaceutical sector. Daru Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 28(1), 1-7.
- Bingül Ak, B., Türk, A. and Ak, R. (2020). Covıd-19 bağlamında tarihteki büyük salgınlar ve ekonomik sonuçları. Turkish Studies, 15(4), 189-200.
- Cameron, M.J., Kelvin, A.A., Leon, A.J., Cameron, C.M., Ran, L., Xu, L., Chu, Y.K., Danesh, A., Fang, Y., Li, Q., Anderson, A., Couch, R.C., Paquette, S.G., Fomukong, N.G., Kistner, O., Lauchart, M., Rowe, T., Harrod, K.S., Jonsson, C.B. and Kelvin, D.J. (2012). Lack of innate interferon responses during sars coronavirus infection in a vaccination and reinfection ferret model. Plos One, 7(9), e45842.
- Cinel E. A. (2020). Covid-19’un küresel makroekonomik etkileri ve beklentiler. Politik Ekonomik Kuram, 4(1), 124-140.
- Çınar F. and Oğuz M. (2020). Türkiye’nin Covid-19 pandemisine yönelik stratejilerinin SWOT analizi ile değerlendirilmesi. Sağlık ve Sosyal Refah Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2(2), 1-11.
- Çoban O., Coşkun Ö. and Çoban A. (2020). Covid-19 krizinin finansal piyasalara etkisi: Türkiye örneği. Gaziantep University Journal Of Social Sciences, (Special Issue), 506-519 .
- Demir İ. (2020). Kovid-19 salgının seyri ve Türkiye ekonomisi, Kovid-19 (Koronavirüs) salgınının ekonomik etkileri. Uluslararası İlişkiler ve Stratejik Araştırmalar (ULİSA) Enstitüsü (Ulisa), Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi.
- Duran M. and Acar M. (2020). Bir virüsün dünyaya ettikleri: Covid-19 pandemisinin makroekonomik etkileri. International Journal of Social and Economic Sciences, 10(1), 54-67.
- Eyigün C. (2005). Ortaya çıkışından bugüne Sars: Güncel durum. Flora Dergisi, 10(3), 108-118.
- ILO Sectoral Brief. (2020). Covid-19 And the Health Sector. International Labour Organization, https://www.ilo.org/sector/Resources/publications/WCMS_741655/lang--en/index.htm. (28.12.2020)