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An Evaluation of the Psychological Life Quality of Women with Disabled Children with Box Behnken Experimental Design

Year 2018, Volume: 8 Issue: 15, 988 - 1004, 31.08.2018
https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.431478

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to implement the BBD
method, which is a response-surface method, quantitatively and compare it with three-way
analysis of variance. In the study, we used the short-form The World Health
Organization Quality of Life WHOQOL-BREF-TR scale, which was developed by the
World Health Organization and was tested by Eser et al. (1999) to determine its
validity and reliability. This approach allowed us to attempt to determine the
optimal variable combination in the psychological quality of life of mothers
with intellectually-disabled children. The research was conducted with 540
mothers who had intellectually-disabled children. By use of 33 Box Behnken
experimental design (BBD), which is a response surface method, variables and
levels were determined according to the balanced incomplete block design.
According to the results, the main effects of the mother’s age and the number
of children were statistically significant. In addition, the interaction effect
of “the mother’s age*the time she learnt the disability” was significant. The R2
value of the model was found to be 90.33%. 
When the same set of data was analyzed via three-way analysis of
variance, both the main effects and the interaction effects were found to be
insignificant. The response surface method may be an alternative to the
analysis of variance in the factorial experiments that are used frequently in the
social sciences and in research related to social work.  

References

  • Aslan, D., (2010). Yaşlılık döneminde önemli bir kavram: Yaşam kalitesi [An important concept for old age: Life quality]. 3. Ulusal Sağlıkta Yaşam Kongresi [3rd Life in National Health Congress], 25-27 March 2010, Izmir, 102-104.
  • İçağasıoğlı Çoban, A. and Arslanoğlu, H. K. (2004). Sosyal Hizmet Sempozyumu 2004. Türkiye’de Sosyal Hizmet Uygulamaları İhtiyaçlar ve Sorunlar: 4-6 Kasım 2004- Alanya: Konferans ve Bildiriler [Social Work Symposium 2004. Social Work Practices in Turkey: Needs and Problems: 4-6 November 2004- Alanya: Conference and Proceedings]. (165-175). Ankara: Haberal Eğitim Vakfı.
  • Banaji, M. R., and Hardin, C. D. (1996). Automatic stereotyping. Psychological Science, 7, 136–141.8
  • Bayrak, H., Özkaya, B., Tekindal, M. A.,(2010). Birinci derece faktoriyel denemelerde verimlilik için optimum noktalarin belirlenmesi: Bir uygulama [Productivity in the first degree for the optimum point determination of factorial trials: An application] Türkiye Klinikleri Biyoistatistik Dergisi, 2, 18-26 .
  • Bilgin, N., Ergenç, A. and Timurcanday, Ö. (1985). Bireylerce algılanan şekliyle yaşam kalitesi [Life quality as perceived by individu-als]. Seminer, Felsefe, Eğitim, Psikoloji, Sosyoloji, Antropoloji Araştırmaları [Seminary, Philosophy, Education, Psychology, So-ciology, Anthropology Research. (157-169). Izmir: Ege Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Yayını.
  • Bruder, G. E., Stewart, J. W., Mercier, M. A., Agosti, V., Leite, P., Do-novan, S., and Quitkin, F. M. (1997). Outcome of cognitive-behavioral therapy for depression: Relation to hemispheric dominance for verbal processing. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 106, 138–144.
  • Bumin, G., Günal, A., Tükel, Ş. (2008). Anxiety, depression and quality of life in mothers of disabled children. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 15 (1), 6-11.
  • Canarslan, H. and Ahmetoğlu, E. (2015). Engelli çocuğa sahip ailelerin yaşam kalitesinin incelenmesi [An investigation of the variables related to the quality of life of parents of disabled children]. Trakya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 17(1), 13-31.
  • Crinic, K. A., Greenberg, M. T., Ragozin, A.S., Robinson, N. M., and Basham, R. B. (1983). Effects of stress and social support on mothers and premature and full-term infants. Child Development, 54, 209-217.
  • Kazak, A. E., and Marvin, R. S. (1984). Differences, difficulties and adaptation: Stress and social networks in families with handicapped child. Family Relations, 33, 67-77.
  • Cole, D. A., Maxwell, S. E., Arvey, R., and Salas, E. (1994). How the power of MANOVA can both increase and decrease as a function of the intercorrelations among the dependent variables. Psychological Bulletin, 115,465–474.
  • Dönmez, D., Bayhan, P., and Artan, I. (2000). Engelli çocuğa sahip ailelerin beklentileri ve endişe duydukları konuların incelenmesi [An analysis of expectations and concerns of parents with disabled children]. Sosyal Hizmet Dergisi, 1 (11), 16-23.
  • Ersoy, Ö. (1997). İşitme ve zihinsel engelli çocuğu olan annelerin kaygı düzeyleri ve çocuklarını kabullenme durumlarına destekleyici eğitim programlarınin etkisi. [The effect of "Supporting Training Programs" on acceptance situation and anxiety levels of the parents that have hearing impaired and mentally handicapped children] Dissertation. Hacettepe University Vocational School of Home Economics. Department of Child Development and Education. Ankara.
  • Ellis, J.B., and Hirsch, J.K: (2000). Reason for living in parents of developmentally delayed children. Res. Dev. Disabil. 21, 323-7.
  • Eser E., Fidaner H., Fidaner C., et al. (1999). Yaşam kalitesinin ölçülmesi, WHOQOL-100 ve WHOQOL-BREF [Measuring Life Quality WHOQOL-100 and WHOQOL-BREF]. 3 P Dergisi, 7(2), 5-13.
  • Gettinger, M., and Guetschow, K. W. (1998). Parent and Parent/Child Groups for young children with disabilities. Handbook of Group Interventions for Children and Families. Neatham Heights: Viacom Company.
  • Ganong, L., Doty, M.E., and Gayer, D. (2003). Mothers in postdivorce families caring for a child with cystic fibrosis. J Pediatr. Nurs., 18, 332-43.
  • Harris, R. J. (1985). A primer of multivariate statistics (2nd ed.). Orlando, Florida: Academic Press.
  • Hu, X., Wang, M., and Fei, X. (2012). Family quality of life of Chinese families of children with intellectual disabilities, Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 56(1), 30-44.
  • Huynh, H., and Mandeville, G. K. (1979). Validity conditions in repeated measures designs. Psychological Bulletin, 86, 964–973.
  • Işıkhan, V., (2005). Türkiye’de Zihinsel engelli çocuğa sahip annelerin sorunları [Problems of Mothers Having Children with Intellectual Disability in Turkey]. Ankara: Hacettepe Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Küçüker, S. (1993). Özürlü çocuk ve ailelerine yönelik psikolojik danışma hizmetleri [Psychological counselling services for disabled children and their families]. Özel Eğitim Dergisi, 1 (3), 23-29.
  • Kaner, (2004). Engelli çocukları olan ana babaların algıladıkları stres, sosyal destek ve yaşam doyumları [The stress, social support, and life satisfaction perceived by fathers with disabled children]. Unpublished Research Report. Ankara.
  • Kocabaş, Z. (2001).An application and interpretation of second order response surface model. Ankara Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 7, 121-128
  • Lüle F. (2008). Engelli bireylere sahip yoksul ailelerin karşılaştıkları sorunlar ve bu sorunlarla başa çıkma tarzları [The problems encountered by poor families with disabled members and their coping styles]. Unpublished Master’s Thesis, Hacettepe University, Graduate School of Social Sciences, Department of Social Work, Ankara.
  • Marlowe, C. M., Schneider, S. L., and Nelson, C. E. (1996). Gender and attractiveness biases in hiring decisions: Are more experienced managers less biased? Journal of Applied Psychology, 81, 11–21.
  • Meral, B.F. (2011). Gelişimsel yetersizliği olan çocuk annelerinin aile yaşam kalitesi algılarının incelenmesi [The examination of the family quality of life perceptions of mothers who have children with disabilities], (Unpublished Dissertation), Anadolu University/Institute of Educational Sciences, Eskişehir.
  • Minitab 17 Statistical Software (2010). [Computer software]. State College, PA: Minitab, Inc. (www.minitab.com).
  • Myers R.H. and Montgomery DC. (2002). Response surface methodol-ogy process and product optimization using designed experiments. In: Myers, R. H., Montgomery D.C., eds. A Wiley-Interscience Publication. 2nd ed. Canada: John Wiley and Sons, pp. 17-85, 203-303.
  • Özkan, S. (1999). Yaşam kalitesinin ölçülmesi, WHOQOL-100 ve WHOQOL-BFEF [Measuring life quality, WHOQOL-100 and WHOQOL-BREF]. Psikiyatri, Psikoloji, Psikoformokoloji Dergisi, 7(2), 5-13.
  • Smith, T.B., Innocenti, M.S., Boyce, G.C., and Smith C.S. (1993). Depressive symptomatology and interaction behaviors of mothers having a child with disabilities. Psyhol. Rep., 73, 1184-6.
  • Tekindal, M.A., Bayrak, H., Ozkaya, B., Yavuz, Y. (2014). Second-order response surface method: factorial experiments an alternative method in the field of agronomy, Turkish Journal Of Field Crops,19 (1), 35-45.
  • Tekindal, M.A., Bayrak, H, Ozkaya, B, Genç, Y. (2012). Box-Behnken Experimental Design in Factorial Experiments: The Importance of Bread for Nutrition and Health, Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 17(2), 115-123
  • Tokad, M., Sevilir, R., Karadağ, D., Irmak, N., and Erusta, S. (1998). C.P.’li çocuk ve ailelerinin demografik özellikleri, duygusal yaşantı ve beklentilerinin incelenmesi [An analysis of demographic character-istics, emotional experiences, and expectations of children with CP and their families]. Sosyal Hizmet Sempozyumu 1997: Toplumla Bütünleşme Sürecinde Özürlüler ve Sosyal Hizmet [Social Work Symposium 1997: The Disabled Individuals in the Process of Integration with the Society and the Role of Social Work]. Ankara: H.Ü. Sosyal Hizmetler Yüksek Okulu Yayını.
  • Turnbull, A. P., and Turnbull, H. R. (1995). Families, professionals, and exceptionality. NewJersey: Merril.
  • Wolfsenberger, W., and Menoloscino, F. A. (1970). Theoretical framework for management of parents of mentally retarded. Psychiatric Approaches to the Mentally Retarded, Newyork: Basic Books.

Engelli Çocuğa Sahip Kadınların Psikolojik Alan Yaşam Kalitelerinin Box-Behnken Deneme Düzeni ile Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2018, Volume: 8 Issue: 15, 988 - 1004, 31.08.2018
https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.431478

Abstract

Araştırmanın amacı, Yanıt Yüzeyi Metotlarından BDD
yöntemini nicel olarak uygulamak ve üç yönlü varyans analizi ile
karşılaştırmaktır. Çalışmada Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından geliştirilen,
geçerlik ve güvenilirliği Eser vd. (1999) tarafından yapılmış olan, Türkiye
için ulusal soru eklenen, kısa form WHOQOL-BREF-TR ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Bu
kapsamda, zihinsel engelli çocuğa sahip annelerin ruhsal alan yaşam
kalitesindeki optimal değişken kombinasyonunun belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Araştırma 540 zihinsel engelli çocuğa sahip anne ile yapılmıştır. Yanıt yüzeyi
metodunun 33 Box Behnken deneme düzeni (BDD) kullanılarak, dengeli
tamamlanmamış blok tasarımına göre değişkenler ve seviyeleri belirlenmiştir.
Sonuçlara göre, annenin yaşı, çocuk sayısı ana etkileri ile yaşı*engelli
öğrenme zamanı etkileşimleri istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur. Modelin
R2 değeri %90.33 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Aynı verilere üç yönlü
varyans analizi uygulandığında ise, hem ana etkiler hem de etkileşim etkileri
anlamsız çıkmıştır. Sonuç olarak, özellikle sosyal bilimlerde ve sosyal hizmet
araştırmasında yaygın olarak kullanılan, faktöriyel denemelerdeki varyans
analizinin yöntemineinin yerine yanıt yüzeyi metodu bir alternatif olarak
kullanılabilir.

References

  • Aslan, D., (2010). Yaşlılık döneminde önemli bir kavram: Yaşam kalitesi [An important concept for old age: Life quality]. 3. Ulusal Sağlıkta Yaşam Kongresi [3rd Life in National Health Congress], 25-27 March 2010, Izmir, 102-104.
  • İçağasıoğlı Çoban, A. and Arslanoğlu, H. K. (2004). Sosyal Hizmet Sempozyumu 2004. Türkiye’de Sosyal Hizmet Uygulamaları İhtiyaçlar ve Sorunlar: 4-6 Kasım 2004- Alanya: Konferans ve Bildiriler [Social Work Symposium 2004. Social Work Practices in Turkey: Needs and Problems: 4-6 November 2004- Alanya: Conference and Proceedings]. (165-175). Ankara: Haberal Eğitim Vakfı.
  • Banaji, M. R., and Hardin, C. D. (1996). Automatic stereotyping. Psychological Science, 7, 136–141.8
  • Bayrak, H., Özkaya, B., Tekindal, M. A.,(2010). Birinci derece faktoriyel denemelerde verimlilik için optimum noktalarin belirlenmesi: Bir uygulama [Productivity in the first degree for the optimum point determination of factorial trials: An application] Türkiye Klinikleri Biyoistatistik Dergisi, 2, 18-26 .
  • Bilgin, N., Ergenç, A. and Timurcanday, Ö. (1985). Bireylerce algılanan şekliyle yaşam kalitesi [Life quality as perceived by individu-als]. Seminer, Felsefe, Eğitim, Psikoloji, Sosyoloji, Antropoloji Araştırmaları [Seminary, Philosophy, Education, Psychology, So-ciology, Anthropology Research. (157-169). Izmir: Ege Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Yayını.
  • Bruder, G. E., Stewart, J. W., Mercier, M. A., Agosti, V., Leite, P., Do-novan, S., and Quitkin, F. M. (1997). Outcome of cognitive-behavioral therapy for depression: Relation to hemispheric dominance for verbal processing. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 106, 138–144.
  • Bumin, G., Günal, A., Tükel, Ş. (2008). Anxiety, depression and quality of life in mothers of disabled children. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 15 (1), 6-11.
  • Canarslan, H. and Ahmetoğlu, E. (2015). Engelli çocuğa sahip ailelerin yaşam kalitesinin incelenmesi [An investigation of the variables related to the quality of life of parents of disabled children]. Trakya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 17(1), 13-31.
  • Crinic, K. A., Greenberg, M. T., Ragozin, A.S., Robinson, N. M., and Basham, R. B. (1983). Effects of stress and social support on mothers and premature and full-term infants. Child Development, 54, 209-217.
  • Kazak, A. E., and Marvin, R. S. (1984). Differences, difficulties and adaptation: Stress and social networks in families with handicapped child. Family Relations, 33, 67-77.
  • Cole, D. A., Maxwell, S. E., Arvey, R., and Salas, E. (1994). How the power of MANOVA can both increase and decrease as a function of the intercorrelations among the dependent variables. Psychological Bulletin, 115,465–474.
  • Dönmez, D., Bayhan, P., and Artan, I. (2000). Engelli çocuğa sahip ailelerin beklentileri ve endişe duydukları konuların incelenmesi [An analysis of expectations and concerns of parents with disabled children]. Sosyal Hizmet Dergisi, 1 (11), 16-23.
  • Ersoy, Ö. (1997). İşitme ve zihinsel engelli çocuğu olan annelerin kaygı düzeyleri ve çocuklarını kabullenme durumlarına destekleyici eğitim programlarınin etkisi. [The effect of "Supporting Training Programs" on acceptance situation and anxiety levels of the parents that have hearing impaired and mentally handicapped children] Dissertation. Hacettepe University Vocational School of Home Economics. Department of Child Development and Education. Ankara.
  • Ellis, J.B., and Hirsch, J.K: (2000). Reason for living in parents of developmentally delayed children. Res. Dev. Disabil. 21, 323-7.
  • Eser E., Fidaner H., Fidaner C., et al. (1999). Yaşam kalitesinin ölçülmesi, WHOQOL-100 ve WHOQOL-BREF [Measuring Life Quality WHOQOL-100 and WHOQOL-BREF]. 3 P Dergisi, 7(2), 5-13.
  • Gettinger, M., and Guetschow, K. W. (1998). Parent and Parent/Child Groups for young children with disabilities. Handbook of Group Interventions for Children and Families. Neatham Heights: Viacom Company.
  • Ganong, L., Doty, M.E., and Gayer, D. (2003). Mothers in postdivorce families caring for a child with cystic fibrosis. J Pediatr. Nurs., 18, 332-43.
  • Harris, R. J. (1985). A primer of multivariate statistics (2nd ed.). Orlando, Florida: Academic Press.
  • Hu, X., Wang, M., and Fei, X. (2012). Family quality of life of Chinese families of children with intellectual disabilities, Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 56(1), 30-44.
  • Huynh, H., and Mandeville, G. K. (1979). Validity conditions in repeated measures designs. Psychological Bulletin, 86, 964–973.
  • Işıkhan, V., (2005). Türkiye’de Zihinsel engelli çocuğa sahip annelerin sorunları [Problems of Mothers Having Children with Intellectual Disability in Turkey]. Ankara: Hacettepe Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Küçüker, S. (1993). Özürlü çocuk ve ailelerine yönelik psikolojik danışma hizmetleri [Psychological counselling services for disabled children and their families]. Özel Eğitim Dergisi, 1 (3), 23-29.
  • Kaner, (2004). Engelli çocukları olan ana babaların algıladıkları stres, sosyal destek ve yaşam doyumları [The stress, social support, and life satisfaction perceived by fathers with disabled children]. Unpublished Research Report. Ankara.
  • Kocabaş, Z. (2001).An application and interpretation of second order response surface model. Ankara Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 7, 121-128
  • Lüle F. (2008). Engelli bireylere sahip yoksul ailelerin karşılaştıkları sorunlar ve bu sorunlarla başa çıkma tarzları [The problems encountered by poor families with disabled members and their coping styles]. Unpublished Master’s Thesis, Hacettepe University, Graduate School of Social Sciences, Department of Social Work, Ankara.
  • Marlowe, C. M., Schneider, S. L., and Nelson, C. E. (1996). Gender and attractiveness biases in hiring decisions: Are more experienced managers less biased? Journal of Applied Psychology, 81, 11–21.
  • Meral, B.F. (2011). Gelişimsel yetersizliği olan çocuk annelerinin aile yaşam kalitesi algılarının incelenmesi [The examination of the family quality of life perceptions of mothers who have children with disabilities], (Unpublished Dissertation), Anadolu University/Institute of Educational Sciences, Eskişehir.
  • Minitab 17 Statistical Software (2010). [Computer software]. State College, PA: Minitab, Inc. (www.minitab.com).
  • Myers R.H. and Montgomery DC. (2002). Response surface methodol-ogy process and product optimization using designed experiments. In: Myers, R. H., Montgomery D.C., eds. A Wiley-Interscience Publication. 2nd ed. Canada: John Wiley and Sons, pp. 17-85, 203-303.
  • Özkan, S. (1999). Yaşam kalitesinin ölçülmesi, WHOQOL-100 ve WHOQOL-BFEF [Measuring life quality, WHOQOL-100 and WHOQOL-BREF]. Psikiyatri, Psikoloji, Psikoformokoloji Dergisi, 7(2), 5-13.
  • Smith, T.B., Innocenti, M.S., Boyce, G.C., and Smith C.S. (1993). Depressive symptomatology and interaction behaviors of mothers having a child with disabilities. Psyhol. Rep., 73, 1184-6.
  • Tekindal, M.A., Bayrak, H., Ozkaya, B., Yavuz, Y. (2014). Second-order response surface method: factorial experiments an alternative method in the field of agronomy, Turkish Journal Of Field Crops,19 (1), 35-45.
  • Tekindal, M.A., Bayrak, H, Ozkaya, B, Genç, Y. (2012). Box-Behnken Experimental Design in Factorial Experiments: The Importance of Bread for Nutrition and Health, Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 17(2), 115-123
  • Tokad, M., Sevilir, R., Karadağ, D., Irmak, N., and Erusta, S. (1998). C.P.’li çocuk ve ailelerinin demografik özellikleri, duygusal yaşantı ve beklentilerinin incelenmesi [An analysis of demographic character-istics, emotional experiences, and expectations of children with CP and their families]. Sosyal Hizmet Sempozyumu 1997: Toplumla Bütünleşme Sürecinde Özürlüler ve Sosyal Hizmet [Social Work Symposium 1997: The Disabled Individuals in the Process of Integration with the Society and the Role of Social Work]. Ankara: H.Ü. Sosyal Hizmetler Yüksek Okulu Yayını.
  • Turnbull, A. P., and Turnbull, H. R. (1995). Families, professionals, and exceptionality. NewJersey: Merril.
  • Wolfsenberger, W., and Menoloscino, F. A. (1970). Theoretical framework for management of parents of mentally retarded. Psychiatric Approaches to the Mentally Retarded, Newyork: Basic Books.
There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Melike Tekindal This is me 0000-0002-3453-3273

Özlem Kaymaz 0000-0003-1235-8117

Publication Date August 31, 2018
Acceptance Date July 21, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 8 Issue: 15

Cite

APA Tekindal, M., & Kaymaz, Ö. (2018). An Evaluation of the Psychological Life Quality of Women with Disabled Children with Box Behnken Experimental Design. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 8(15), 988-1004. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.431478