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The Effect Of Knowledge Economy On Income Inequality: Panel Data Analysis For Oecd Countries

Year 2018, Volume: 9 Issue: 16, 2343 - 2363, 30.12.2018
https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.493218

Abstract

Developments
in information technologies and globalization have led to the formation of new
economic structures in the developed economies called the new network economy
or knowledge-based economy. The knowledge economy has become so important that
it is thought by most economists that it is more important than traditional
production factors such as labor and capital. Therefore, the definition of
components of knowledge economy and its effect on macroeconomic variables have
been the subject of many researches. Since the income distribution is
considered as an important indicator that shows how the revenue generated in a
country is shared among its population, it is aimed to reveal the impact of the
knowledge economy on income distribution. This study investigates the effect of
knowledge economy on income inequality through static panel data analysis for
18 OECD countries between the periods 2004-2014. Information and communication
technologies are included as information economy parameters. The coefficients
obtained for the indicators of knowledge economy are negative and statistically
significant. This suggests that the progress made in education levels and
information and communication technologies in OECD countries has a reducing
effect on income inequalities.

References

  • Abdullah, A. J., Doucouliagos, H., ve Manning, E. (2011). Education and income inequality: A meta-regression analysis. Unpublished manuscript, Deakin University.
  • Becker, G. S. (1962). Investment in human capital: A theoretical analysis. Journal of political economy, 70(5, Part 2), 9-49.
  • Behr, T., Christofides, C., ve Neelakantan, P. (2004). The effects of state public K–12 education expenditures on income distribution.
  • Dodani, S., ve LaPorte, R. E. (2005). Brain drain from developing countries: How can brain drain be converted into wisdom gain?.Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 98(11), 487-491.
  • Drucker, P. F. (1994). Post-capitalist society. New York: Harper Collins Publishers.
  • Fan, (2002). Technological spillovers from foreign direct investment-A survey. ERD Working Paper No. 33. p. 1-3.
  • Glaeser, E. L. (1999). Learning in cities. Journal of urban Economics, 46(2), 254-277.
  • Gregorio, J. D., ve Lee, J. W. (2002). Education and income inequality: New evidence from cross‐country data. Review of income and wealth, 48(3), 395-416.
  • Jaumotte, F., Lall, S., ve Papageorgiou, C. (2013). Rising income inequality: technology, or trade and financial globalization?. IMF Economic Review, 61(2), 271-309.
  • Kapur, S. (2002). Developing countries in the new economy: The role of demandside initiatives (No. 2002/73). WIDER Discussion Papers//World Institute for Development Economics (UNU-WIDER).
  • Kramer, W. J., Jenkins, B., ve Katz, R. S. (2007). The role of the information and communications technology sector in expanding economic opportunity. Cambridge, MA: Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University.
  • Kuznets, S. (1955). Economic growth and income inequality.The American economic review, 1-28.
  • Mike, F., ve Laleh, M. M. (2016). Bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerinin istihdam üzerine etkisi: Seçili ülkeler üzerine bir uygulama. Atatürk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 20(2), 601-614.
  • OECD (2004). The economic impact of ICT: Measurement, evidence and implications. Paris: OECD Publications Service.
  • OECD. (2008). Growing unequal?: Income distribution and poverty in OECD Countries. Paris: OECD Publications Service.
  • Oliner, S. D. ve Sichel, D. E. (2000). The resurgence of growth in the late 1990s: is information technology the story?. Journal of economic perspectives, 14(4), 3-22.
  • Özsağır, A. (2014). Bilgi ekonomisi. İstanbul: Seçkin Yayınevi, 4. Baskı.
  • Paweenawat, S. W. ve McNown, R. (2014). The determinants of income inequality in Thailand: A synthetic cohort analysis. Journal of Asian Economics, 31, 10-21.
  • Pilat, D. and F. Lee (2001), “Productivity Growth in ICTproducing and ICT-using Industries: A Source of Growth Differentials in the OECD?”, OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers, 2001/04, OECD Publishing, Paris. http://dx.doi.org/-10.1787/774576300121
  • Ravallion, M. (2001). Growth, inequality and poverty: looking beyond averages. World development, 29(11), 1803-1815.
  • Robertson, S. L. (2007). Re-imagining and rescripting the future of edu-cation: Global knowledge economy discourses and the challenge to education systems. Comparative education, 41(2), 151-170.
  • Shahabadi, A., Nemati, M., ve Hosseinidoust, S. E. (2017). The effect of knowledge economy factors on income inequality in the selected islamic countries. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 8(4), 1174-1188.
  • Sylwester, K. (2002). Can education expenditures reduce income inequality?. Economics of education review, 21(1), 43-52.
  • Şanlısoy, S. (2016). Bilgi ekonomisinin uluslararası gelir dağılımı üzerine etkileri. Journal of International Social Research, 9(43), 20185-2203.
  • Van Reenen, J. (1996). The creation and capture of rents: wages and innovation in a panel of UK companies. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 111(1), 195-226.
  • World Bank. (2007). Building knowledge economies: Advanced strategies for development. World Bank.

Bilgi Ekonomisinin Gelir Eşitsizliği Üzerine Etkisi: OECD Ülkeleri İçin Panel Veri Analizi

Year 2018, Volume: 9 Issue: 16, 2343 - 2363, 30.12.2018
https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.493218

Abstract

Bilişim
teknolojileri ve küreselleşme alanında yaşanan gelişmeler, gelişmiş
ekonomilerde yeni ağ ekonomisi veya bilgi temelli ekonomi olarak adlandırılan
yeni ekonomik yapıların oluşmasını sağlamıştır. Bilgi ekonomisi o kadar önemli
hale gelmiştir ki çoğu ekonomist tarafından emek ve sermaye gibi geleneksel
üretim faktörlerinden daha önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu nedenle bilgi
ekonomisinin bileşenlerinin tanımlanması ve makroekonomik değişkenler üzerine
etkisi çok sayıda araştırmaya konu olmuştur. Gelir dağılımı, bir ülkede
yaratılan gelirin o ülkedeki kişiler arasında hangi şekilde paylaşıldığını
ortaya koyan önemli bir gösterge olarak kabul edilmekle birlikte bilgi ekonomisinin
gelir dağılımı üzerindeki etkisinin ortaya konması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu çalışma,
bilgi ekonomisinin gelir eşitsizliği üzerindeki etkisini, 18 OECD ülkesi için
2004-2014 yıllık dönemler doğrultusunda, statik panel veri analizi ile
araştırmaktadır. Çalışmada bilgi ekonomisi parametreleri olarak, eğitim düzeyi
ile bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerine yer verilmektedir. Bilgi ekonomisi
göstergelerine yönelik elde edilen katsayılar negatif ve istatistiksel olarak
anlamlıdır. Bu durum, OECD ülkelerinde, eğitim düzeyi ile bilgi ve iletişim
teknolojilerinde yaşanan ilerlemelerin, gelir eşitsizliklerini azaltıcı bir
etkiye sahip olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.

References

  • Abdullah, A. J., Doucouliagos, H., ve Manning, E. (2011). Education and income inequality: A meta-regression analysis. Unpublished manuscript, Deakin University.
  • Becker, G. S. (1962). Investment in human capital: A theoretical analysis. Journal of political economy, 70(5, Part 2), 9-49.
  • Behr, T., Christofides, C., ve Neelakantan, P. (2004). The effects of state public K–12 education expenditures on income distribution.
  • Dodani, S., ve LaPorte, R. E. (2005). Brain drain from developing countries: How can brain drain be converted into wisdom gain?.Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 98(11), 487-491.
  • Drucker, P. F. (1994). Post-capitalist society. New York: Harper Collins Publishers.
  • Fan, (2002). Technological spillovers from foreign direct investment-A survey. ERD Working Paper No. 33. p. 1-3.
  • Glaeser, E. L. (1999). Learning in cities. Journal of urban Economics, 46(2), 254-277.
  • Gregorio, J. D., ve Lee, J. W. (2002). Education and income inequality: New evidence from cross‐country data. Review of income and wealth, 48(3), 395-416.
  • Jaumotte, F., Lall, S., ve Papageorgiou, C. (2013). Rising income inequality: technology, or trade and financial globalization?. IMF Economic Review, 61(2), 271-309.
  • Kapur, S. (2002). Developing countries in the new economy: The role of demandside initiatives (No. 2002/73). WIDER Discussion Papers//World Institute for Development Economics (UNU-WIDER).
  • Kramer, W. J., Jenkins, B., ve Katz, R. S. (2007). The role of the information and communications technology sector in expanding economic opportunity. Cambridge, MA: Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University.
  • Kuznets, S. (1955). Economic growth and income inequality.The American economic review, 1-28.
  • Mike, F., ve Laleh, M. M. (2016). Bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerinin istihdam üzerine etkisi: Seçili ülkeler üzerine bir uygulama. Atatürk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 20(2), 601-614.
  • OECD (2004). The economic impact of ICT: Measurement, evidence and implications. Paris: OECD Publications Service.
  • OECD. (2008). Growing unequal?: Income distribution and poverty in OECD Countries. Paris: OECD Publications Service.
  • Oliner, S. D. ve Sichel, D. E. (2000). The resurgence of growth in the late 1990s: is information technology the story?. Journal of economic perspectives, 14(4), 3-22.
  • Özsağır, A. (2014). Bilgi ekonomisi. İstanbul: Seçkin Yayınevi, 4. Baskı.
  • Paweenawat, S. W. ve McNown, R. (2014). The determinants of income inequality in Thailand: A synthetic cohort analysis. Journal of Asian Economics, 31, 10-21.
  • Pilat, D. and F. Lee (2001), “Productivity Growth in ICTproducing and ICT-using Industries: A Source of Growth Differentials in the OECD?”, OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers, 2001/04, OECD Publishing, Paris. http://dx.doi.org/-10.1787/774576300121
  • Ravallion, M. (2001). Growth, inequality and poverty: looking beyond averages. World development, 29(11), 1803-1815.
  • Robertson, S. L. (2007). Re-imagining and rescripting the future of edu-cation: Global knowledge economy discourses and the challenge to education systems. Comparative education, 41(2), 151-170.
  • Shahabadi, A., Nemati, M., ve Hosseinidoust, S. E. (2017). The effect of knowledge economy factors on income inequality in the selected islamic countries. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 8(4), 1174-1188.
  • Sylwester, K. (2002). Can education expenditures reduce income inequality?. Economics of education review, 21(1), 43-52.
  • Şanlısoy, S. (2016). Bilgi ekonomisinin uluslararası gelir dağılımı üzerine etkileri. Journal of International Social Research, 9(43), 20185-2203.
  • Van Reenen, J. (1996). The creation and capture of rents: wages and innovation in a panel of UK companies. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 111(1), 195-226.
  • World Bank. (2007). Building knowledge economies: Advanced strategies for development. World Bank.
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ahmet Kardaşlar 0000-0002-6415-8822

Publication Date December 30, 2018
Acceptance Date December 25, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 9 Issue: 16

Cite

APA Kardaşlar, A. (2018). Bilgi Ekonomisinin Gelir Eşitsizliği Üzerine Etkisi: OECD Ülkeleri İçin Panel Veri Analizi. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 9(16), 2343-2363. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.493218