Kamu ve Özel Sektör Ar-Ge Faliyetleri ve İktisadi Büyüme: OECD Örneği

Year 2019, Volume: 14 Issue: 20, 1594 - 1625, 31.12.2019

Fatma Kethudaoğlu , Yusuf Bayraktutan

https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.581612

Cited By: 4

Abstract

İnovasyonun önemli bir bileşeni olarak araştırma-geliştirme (ar-ge),
verimliliği arttırmakta ve iktisadi büyümeye katkı sağlamaktadır. Ülkeler,
yetenek ve bilgi stoğunu arttırmak için özel kesim ar-ge faaliyetlerini
desteklemekte; kamu kesimi araştırma kapasitesini geliştirmek üzere ulusal
araştırma sistemleri oluşturmakta; üniversiteler, mobilite programları ve
eğitim ürünleri üzerinde durmaktadır. Özel, kamu ve yükseköğrenim ar-ge
faaliyetlerinin büyüme üzerindeki etkileri farklılaşmaktadır. Teorik literatür,
inovasyon ve ekonomik büyüme arasında pozitif yönlü bir bağlantı olduğunu
göstermektedir. Bu çalışma, ar-ge’ye dayalı büyüme modellerinin hipotezlerini
harcama kaynağı ayrımında test etmektedir. OECD üyesi 29 ülkenin 1996-2015
verileriyle özel, kamu ve yükseköğrenim kesimlerinin araştırma- geliştirme
harcamalarının büyüme üzerindeki etkilerini panel veri yöntemiyle araştırmayı
amaçlayan bu çalışma, temel kavramsal ve kuramsal tanıtımı takiben dünyada ve
OECD üyelerinde ar-ge verilerini yorumlamakta; ilgili literatürü özetleyerek
model ve bulgulara dayalı değerlendirmeler sunmaktadır. Analiz sonuçları, ar-ge
harcamalarının iktisadi büyümeyi pozitif olarak etkilediğini göstermekte;
büyüme üzerindeki etkisi bakımından yükseköğrenim ar-ge harcamaları ve özel
kesim öne çıkmaktadır.

Keywords

Ar-ge, büyüme, içsel büyüme, oecd

R&D Activities of Public and Private Sector and Economic Growth: The Case of OECD

Abstract

As an important component of innovation,research and development
(R&D) raises productivity and leads to economic growth. Countries support
private sector R&D activities to increase the capacity and knowledge base;
develop national research systems to consolidate public sector research
infrastructure; developing university capacities to create mobility programs
and educational products. The effects of private, public and higher education
sectors’ R&D activities on economic growth are different. The theoretical
literature shows that there is a positive link between innovation and economic
growth. This study aims to test the hypothesis of growth models based on
R&D in terms of expenditure sources. This study, which aims to investigate
the affects of business, government and higher education expenditures on
R&D on economic growth for the 29 OECD countries by using the annual data for
the period of 1996- 2015, following the basic conceptual and theoretical
introduction, interprets the R& D data of world and OECD members;
summarizes the relevant literatüre, and presents the evaluations based on
analysis of two models and their findings. The results of the analysis show
that R&D expenditures in this field affect economic growth positively;
higher education and private sector are at the forefront in terms of the effect
on growth.

Keywords

R&D, Growth, Endonenous Growth, OECD

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