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Socio-Economic Determinants of Obesity: Analysis of OECD Countries

Year 2020, Volume: 15 Issue: 21, 183 - 200, 31.01.2020
https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.613617

Abstract

The aim of the study is to determine the extent to
which obesity, a globally increasing health problem, is affected by changes in
social and economic life. For this purpose, data on the obesity, health expenditures,
unemployment, urbanization, smoking and alcohol consumption and calorie intake
of 29 OECD and partner countries for the years 2000-2013 were obtained. With
the data obtained, the effect levels of socio-economic factors on the increase
in obesity rates in these countries were investigated. According to the
findings, the increase in calorie intake, increasing urbanization as a result
of changing sociological structure, increasing unemployment rate with
urbanization and increasing alcohol use increase the obesity rate for the
countries studied in our research between 2000-2013. In addition, the increase
in health expenditures has a decreasing effect on obesity rate for the same
period in the same countries. Finally, the increase in cigarette smoking causes
individuals to lose weight due to their negative effects on healthy nutrition
and decreases obesity rates. However, this decrease in obesity rates is not a
healthy decrease, but on the contrary, it can cause much greater health
problems. 

References

  • Agrawal, P., ve Agrawal, S. (2015). Health care expenditure associated with overweight/obesity: a study among urban married women in Delhi, India. International journal of community medicine and public health, 2(3), 308-317.
  • Baltagi. B.H., (2005). Econometrics analysis of panel data, 3. Baskı, Chichester: John Wiley ve Sons.
  • Baltagi B.H. (2011). Econometrics . Fifth edition. Berlin: Springer Verlag,.
  • Bansal, S., ve Zilberman, D. (2016, November). Does health care expenditure counter adverse effects of obesity on health: Evidence from global data. In 2017 Allied Social Science Association (ASSA) Annual Meeting, January 6-8, 2017, Chicago, Illinois (No. 250115). Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
  • Chou, S. Y., Grossman, M., ve Saffer, H. (2004). An economic analysis of adult obesity: results from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Journal of health economics, 23(3), 565-587.
  • Driscoll, J. , and Kraay, A. C. (1998). Consistent covariance matrix estimation with spatially dependent data. Review of Economics and Statistics, 80, 549–560.
  • Finkelstein, E. A., ve Strombotne, K. L. (2010). The economics of obesity. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 91(5), 1520S-1524S.
  • Greene, W. H. (2003), Econometric Analysis (5. Edition), New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Georgiou, Miltiades N., Obesity and Income Distribution: A Panel Data Analysis for Western World (February 28, 2013). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2226391 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2226391
  • Halicioglu, F. (2013). Dynamics of obesity in Finland. Journal of Economic Studies, 40(5), 644-657.
  • Hayes, A., Chevalier, A., D'Souza, M., Baur, L., Wen, L. M., ve Simpson, J. (2016). Early childhood obesity: Association with healthcare expenditure in Australia. Obesity, 24(8), 1752-1758.
  • Hsiao, C., (2002). Analysis of panel data (2. Edition), Cambridge University Press, New York.
  • Huffman, S. K., ve Rizov, M. (2007). Determinants of obesity in transition economies: the case of Russia. Economics ve Human Biology, 5(3), 379-391.
  • Komlos, J., ve Baur, M. (2004). From the tallest to (one of) the fattest: the enigmatic fate of the American population in the 20th century. Economics ve Human Biology, 2(1), 57-74.
  • Laitinen, J., Ek, E., ve Sovio, U. (2002). Stress-related eating and drinking behavior and body mass index and predictors of this behavior. Preventive medicine, 34(1), 29-39
  • Laitinen, J., Power, C., Ek, E., Sovio, U., ve Järvelin, M. R. (2002). Unemployment and obesity among young adults in a northern Finland 1966 birth cohort. International journal of obesity, 26(10), 1329.
  • Lakdawalla, D., ve Philipson, T. (2002). The growth of obesity and technological change: a theoretical and empirical examination(No. w8946). National Bureau of Economic Research.
  • Loureiro, M. L., ve Nayga, R. M. (2004, August). Analyzing cross-country differences in obesity rates: some policy implications. In American Agricultural Economists Meetings, Denver, CO, August(pp. 1-4).
  • Maheshwari, N., Robinson, J. G., Kohatsu, N., ve Zimmerman, B. (2005). Obesity Prevalence Increasing 3 Times Faster in High than Low Income Groups: National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 1971 to 2002: 26. Circulation, 111(14), e190.
  • Maillard, G., Charles, M. A., Thibult, N., Forhan, A., Sermet, C., Basdevant, A., ve Eschwege, E. (1999). Trends in the prevalence of obesity in the French adult population between 1980 and 1991. International journal of obesity, 23(4), 389-394.
  • Mohan, R., ve Mirmirani, S. (2007). An Assessment of OECD Health Care System Using Panel Data Analysis. Southwest Business ve Economics Journal, 16, 1-20.
  • Nestle, M., ve Jacobson, M. F. (2000). Halting the obesity epidemic: a public health policy approach. Public health reports, 115(1), 12-24.
  • Özçiçek, F., Bilen, H., Yıldız, G., Özçiçek, A., Ünüvar, N., ve Yılmaz, A. (2007). Sigaranın bırakılmasından sonra görülen kilo alımı ile serum leptin düzeyleri arasındaki ilişki. CÜ Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 29(4), 141-48.
  • Paola, M., Marotta, G., Nazzaro, C., ve Simonetti, B. (2012). A statistical approach to evaluate the effects of obesity on healthcare expenditure. Electronic Journal of Applied Statistical Analysis, 5(3), 418-424.
  • Pesaran, M. (2004). General diagnostic tests for cross section dependence in panels (No. 1240). Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA).
  • Philipson, T. J., ve Posner, R. A. (1999). The long-run growth in obesity as a function of technological change (No. w7423). National bureau of economic research.
  • Philipson, T. (2001). The world‐wide growth in obesity: an economic research agenda. Health economics, 10(1), 1-7.
  • Popkin, B. M. (1999). Urbanization, lifestyle changes and the nutrition transition. World development, 27(11), 1905-1916.
  • Rashad, I. (2006). Structural estimation of caloric intake, exercise, smoking, and obesity. The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, 46(2), 268-283.
  • Rosin, O. (2008). The economic causes of obesity: a survey. Journal of Economic Surveys, 22(4), 617-647.
  • Sturm, R., An, R., Maroba, J., ve Patel, D. (2013). The effects of obesity, smoking, and excessive alcohol intake on healthcare expenditure in a comprehensive medical scheme. South African Medical Journal, 103(11), 840-844.
  • Wardle, J., Waller, J., ve Jarvis, M. J. (2002). Sex differences in the association of socioeconomic status with obesity. American journal of public health, 92(8), 1299-1304. World Health Organization. (2018). Global status report on alcohol and health 2018. World Health Organization.

Obezitenin Sosyo-Ekonomik Belirleyicileri: OECD Ülkeleri Analizi

Year 2020, Volume: 15 Issue: 21, 183 - 200, 31.01.2020
https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.613617

Abstract

Araştırmanın amacı küresel anlamda artan bir sağlık
problemi olan obezitenin sosyal ve ekonomik hayatta meydana gelen değişimlerden
ne derece etkilendiğinin belirlenmesidir. Bu amaç ile 29 OECD ve partner
ülkesinin 2000-2013 yılları için obezite, sağlık harcamaları, işsizlik,
kentleşme, sigara ve alkol kullanımı ile alınan kalori miktarlarına ait veriler
alınmıştır. Alınan veriler ile bu ülkelerde obezite oranlarında meydana gelen
artış üzerinde sosyo-ekonomik faktörlerin etki düzeyleri araştırılmıştır. Elde
edilen bulgulara göre alınan kalori miktarında meydana gelen artış, değişen
sosyolojik yapının bir sonucu olarak artan kentleşme, kentleşme ile birlikte
artan işsizlik oranı ve alkol kullanımının artması araştırmamızda ele alınan
ülkeler için 2000-2013 yılları arasında obezite oranını arttırmaktadır. Ayrıca
sağlık harcamalarında meydana gelen artış, aynı ülkelerde aynı dönem için
obezite oranını azaltıcı bir etki göstermektedir. Son olarak sigara
kullanımının artması ise sağlıklı beslenmeyi olumsuz etkilediğinden dolayı
bireylerin kilo kaybına neden olup obezite oranlarını düşürmektedir. Fakat
obezite oranlarında görülen bu düşüş sağlıklı bir düşüş olmayıp tam aksine çok
daha büyük sağlık problemlerine sebep olabilmektedir.

References

  • Agrawal, P., ve Agrawal, S. (2015). Health care expenditure associated with overweight/obesity: a study among urban married women in Delhi, India. International journal of community medicine and public health, 2(3), 308-317.
  • Baltagi. B.H., (2005). Econometrics analysis of panel data, 3. Baskı, Chichester: John Wiley ve Sons.
  • Baltagi B.H. (2011). Econometrics . Fifth edition. Berlin: Springer Verlag,.
  • Bansal, S., ve Zilberman, D. (2016, November). Does health care expenditure counter adverse effects of obesity on health: Evidence from global data. In 2017 Allied Social Science Association (ASSA) Annual Meeting, January 6-8, 2017, Chicago, Illinois (No. 250115). Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
  • Chou, S. Y., Grossman, M., ve Saffer, H. (2004). An economic analysis of adult obesity: results from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Journal of health economics, 23(3), 565-587.
  • Driscoll, J. , and Kraay, A. C. (1998). Consistent covariance matrix estimation with spatially dependent data. Review of Economics and Statistics, 80, 549–560.
  • Finkelstein, E. A., ve Strombotne, K. L. (2010). The economics of obesity. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 91(5), 1520S-1524S.
  • Greene, W. H. (2003), Econometric Analysis (5. Edition), New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Georgiou, Miltiades N., Obesity and Income Distribution: A Panel Data Analysis for Western World (February 28, 2013). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2226391 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2226391
  • Halicioglu, F. (2013). Dynamics of obesity in Finland. Journal of Economic Studies, 40(5), 644-657.
  • Hayes, A., Chevalier, A., D'Souza, M., Baur, L., Wen, L. M., ve Simpson, J. (2016). Early childhood obesity: Association with healthcare expenditure in Australia. Obesity, 24(8), 1752-1758.
  • Hsiao, C., (2002). Analysis of panel data (2. Edition), Cambridge University Press, New York.
  • Huffman, S. K., ve Rizov, M. (2007). Determinants of obesity in transition economies: the case of Russia. Economics ve Human Biology, 5(3), 379-391.
  • Komlos, J., ve Baur, M. (2004). From the tallest to (one of) the fattest: the enigmatic fate of the American population in the 20th century. Economics ve Human Biology, 2(1), 57-74.
  • Laitinen, J., Ek, E., ve Sovio, U. (2002). Stress-related eating and drinking behavior and body mass index and predictors of this behavior. Preventive medicine, 34(1), 29-39
  • Laitinen, J., Power, C., Ek, E., Sovio, U., ve Järvelin, M. R. (2002). Unemployment and obesity among young adults in a northern Finland 1966 birth cohort. International journal of obesity, 26(10), 1329.
  • Lakdawalla, D., ve Philipson, T. (2002). The growth of obesity and technological change: a theoretical and empirical examination(No. w8946). National Bureau of Economic Research.
  • Loureiro, M. L., ve Nayga, R. M. (2004, August). Analyzing cross-country differences in obesity rates: some policy implications. In American Agricultural Economists Meetings, Denver, CO, August(pp. 1-4).
  • Maheshwari, N., Robinson, J. G., Kohatsu, N., ve Zimmerman, B. (2005). Obesity Prevalence Increasing 3 Times Faster in High than Low Income Groups: National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 1971 to 2002: 26. Circulation, 111(14), e190.
  • Maillard, G., Charles, M. A., Thibult, N., Forhan, A., Sermet, C., Basdevant, A., ve Eschwege, E. (1999). Trends in the prevalence of obesity in the French adult population between 1980 and 1991. International journal of obesity, 23(4), 389-394.
  • Mohan, R., ve Mirmirani, S. (2007). An Assessment of OECD Health Care System Using Panel Data Analysis. Southwest Business ve Economics Journal, 16, 1-20.
  • Nestle, M., ve Jacobson, M. F. (2000). Halting the obesity epidemic: a public health policy approach. Public health reports, 115(1), 12-24.
  • Özçiçek, F., Bilen, H., Yıldız, G., Özçiçek, A., Ünüvar, N., ve Yılmaz, A. (2007). Sigaranın bırakılmasından sonra görülen kilo alımı ile serum leptin düzeyleri arasındaki ilişki. CÜ Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 29(4), 141-48.
  • Paola, M., Marotta, G., Nazzaro, C., ve Simonetti, B. (2012). A statistical approach to evaluate the effects of obesity on healthcare expenditure. Electronic Journal of Applied Statistical Analysis, 5(3), 418-424.
  • Pesaran, M. (2004). General diagnostic tests for cross section dependence in panels (No. 1240). Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA).
  • Philipson, T. J., ve Posner, R. A. (1999). The long-run growth in obesity as a function of technological change (No. w7423). National bureau of economic research.
  • Philipson, T. (2001). The world‐wide growth in obesity: an economic research agenda. Health economics, 10(1), 1-7.
  • Popkin, B. M. (1999). Urbanization, lifestyle changes and the nutrition transition. World development, 27(11), 1905-1916.
  • Rashad, I. (2006). Structural estimation of caloric intake, exercise, smoking, and obesity. The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, 46(2), 268-283.
  • Rosin, O. (2008). The economic causes of obesity: a survey. Journal of Economic Surveys, 22(4), 617-647.
  • Sturm, R., An, R., Maroba, J., ve Patel, D. (2013). The effects of obesity, smoking, and excessive alcohol intake on healthcare expenditure in a comprehensive medical scheme. South African Medical Journal, 103(11), 840-844.
  • Wardle, J., Waller, J., ve Jarvis, M. J. (2002). Sex differences in the association of socioeconomic status with obesity. American journal of public health, 92(8), 1299-1304. World Health Organization. (2018). Global status report on alcohol and health 2018. World Health Organization.
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Sociology
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Abdüsselam Sağın 0000-0002-0693-1485

Fatih Karasaç This is me 0000-0002-2966-0155

Publication Date January 31, 2020
Acceptance Date January 23, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 15 Issue: 21

Cite

APA Sağın, A., & Karasaç, F. (2020). Obezitenin Sosyo-Ekonomik Belirleyicileri: OECD Ülkeleri Analizi. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 15(21), 183-200. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.613617