Applicability of Inclusiveness in Higher Education

Year 2020, Volume: 16 Issue: 27, 672 - 699, 31.07.2020

Asu Altunoğlu

https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.755015

Cited By: 3

Abstract

Participation in higher education has been expanding throughout the world. This has resulted in the fact that the mission of higher education that aims to enhance social justice and welfare for all in the society has gained significance and thus it has become a more important actor. The expansion of participation, though, has not exactly caused a real heterogeneity in the student composition especially in terms of learning outcomes. This is why the concept of inclusiveness was introduced into the discussions of the issues of equality and discrimination in higher education. This study aims to contribute to these discussions with an emphasis on learning cultures and learning communities, through opening paths of thought on how online learning or open and distance learning may increase inclusiveness in higher education. It appears that the literature on inclusiveness has mostly focused on the differences between the physical and mental capabilities of individuals, which needs to be changed. Open and distance learning could provide us with many opportunities in this direction.

Keywords

Higher education, inclusiveness, participation, learning cultures, online learning, open and distance learning

Yükseköğretimde Kapsayıcılığın Uygulanabilirliği Üzerine bir Tartışma

Abstract

Yükseköğretime katılım tüm dünyada giderek artan bir şekilde gerçekleşmektedir. Bu doğrultuda yükseköğretimin toplumun refahını ve sosyal adaleti sağlamaya yönelik misyonu ile öne çıktığı ve her zamankinden daha önemli bir aktör haline geldiği söylenebilir. Katılımın genişlemesi, toplumun tüm kesimlerinin dahil edilmesini kolaylaştırmış gibi görünse de pek çok ülkede bu genişleme ile öğrenci kitlesinin gerçek anlamda heterojen bir yapıya büründüğü görülmemiştir. Bu nedenle, eğitimde eşitlik ve ayrımcılığa karşıtlık temelinde ihtiyaç duyulan kapsayıcılık kavramı, yükseköğretimde de tartışılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu çalışma bu tartışmaya, kapsayıcılık literatüründe de henüz yeterli düzeyde değinilmemiş olan öğrenme kültürü ve öğrenme topluluğu olma kavramlarını temel alarak, öğrenme kültürleri, çevrimiçi öğrenme ve açık ve uzaktan öğrenmenin yükseköğretimi kapsayıcı hale getirmedeki rolü üzerinde düşünerek katılmayı amaçlamaktadır. Kapsayıcılığın literatürde genellikle bireylerin bedensel ve zihinsel yapabilirlik kapasitelerindeki farklılıklara bir vurguyla ele alındığı ortaya konmuş, daha anlamlı hale gelmesi için açık ve uzaktan öğrenmenin yükseköğretime sunduğu fırsatlar olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.

Keywords

yükseköğretim, kapsayıcılık, öğrenme kültürleri, açık ve uzaktan öğrenme

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