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Şema Başa Çıkma Biçimleri Ölçeği Türkçe Formunun Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması

Year 2020, Volume: 16 Issue: 31, 4289 - 4316, 30.11.2020
https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.805108

Abstract

Bu çalışmada Şema Başa Çıkma Biçimleri Ölçeği’nin (Schema Coping Questionnaire-SCQ) Türkçe formunun geçerlik ve güvenirliğinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın katılımcıları, 2017-2018 akademik yılında Anadolu Üniversitesi’nin örgün lisans programlarına devam eden 367 üniversite öğrencisinden oluşmaktadır. Veri toplama araçları olarak Demografik Bilgi Formu, Şema Başa Çıkma Ölçeği (SCQ) ve Başa Çıkma Tutumlarını Değerlendirme Ölçeği (COPE) kullanılmıştır. Veriler SPSS 24.00 programı ile birlikte LISREL 9.1 programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Ölçeğin geçerliğini değerlendirmek amacıyla, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile birlikte benzer ölçek geçerliği; güvenirliği belirlemek için ise, Cronbach Alfa iç tutarlılık Katsayısı ve testi yarılama (eşdeğer yarılar) yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliği için gerçekleştirilen doğrulayıcı faktör analizinde, ölçeğin üç boyutlu (kaçınma, teslim ve aşırı telafi) ve 12 maddeden oluşan modelinin iyi uyum gösterdiği belirlenmiştir (x2/df= 2.23, RMSEA= .058, CFI= .94, NNFI= .94, AGFI= .93, SRMR= .054). Ölçeğin iç tutarlık katsayıları, kaçınma alt boyutunda .67, teslim alt boyutunda .73, aşırı telafi alt boyutunda .69 ve ölçeğin bütünü için ise, .78 olarak bulunmuştur. Ölçeğin madde toplam korelasyon katsayıları .24 ile .58 arasında yer almaktadır. Çalışmanın bulgularına göre, Şema Başa Çıkma Biçimleri Ölçeği’nin Türkçe formunun şema başa çıkma biçimlerini değerlendirmek amacıyla kullanılabilecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu söylenebilir.

References

  • Ağargün, M. Y., Beşiroğlu, L., Kıran, Ü. K., Özer, Ö. A., ve Kara, H. (2005). COPE (Basa Çıkma Tutumlarını Değerlendirme Ölçeği): Psikometrik özelliklere iliskin bir ön çalışma. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi, 6(4), 221-226.
  • Barker, G., Olukoya, A., ve Aggleton, P. (2015). Young people, social support and help-seeking. International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health, 17(4), 315-336. doi:10.1515/IJAMH.2005.17.4.315
  • Bland, H. W., Melton, B. F., Welle, P., ve Bigham, L. (2012). Stress tolerance: New challenges for millennial college students. College Student Journal, 46(2), 362-376.
  • Bernstein, D. P. (2005). Cognitive therapy for clients with personality disorders and comorbid Axis I psychopathology. J. Reich (Ed.), Personality disorders: Current research and treatments içinde (s. 154–159). New York: Routledge.
  • Carver, C. S. ve Connor-Smith, J. (2010). Personality and coping. Annual Review of Psychology, 61(1), 679-704.
  • Colomba, M. V., Santiago, E. S., ve Rosselló, J. (1999). Coping strategies and depression in Puerto Rican adolescents: An exploratory study. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 5(1), 65-75.
  • Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G. ve Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2012). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik: SPSS ve LISREL uygulamaları (Vol. 2). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Ercan, L. E. (2010). An analysis of the relationship between attitudes towards seeking psychological help and problem solving among university students. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2(2), 1814-1819.
  • Folkman, S., Lazarus, R. S., Gruen, R. J., ve DeLongis, A. (1986). Appraisal, coping, health status, and psychological symptoms. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50(3), 571-579.
  • Hu, L.T. ve Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indices in covariance structure analysis. Structural Equation Modeling: A multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55.
  • Jacob, G., Van Genderen, H., ve Seebauer, L. (2014). Breaking negative thinking patterns: A schema therapy self-help and support book. UK: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Jöreskog, K. G. ve Sörbom, D. (2013). LISREL 9.1 for Windows [Computer software]. Lincolnwood, IL: Scientific Software International, Inc.
  • Karaosmanoğlu, H. A., Soygüt, G., ve Kabul, A. (2013). Psychometric properties of the Turkish Young Compensation Inventory. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 20(2), 171-179.
  • Lazarus, R. S. ve Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. New York: Springer Publishing Company.
  • Mackay, J., Charles, S. T., Kemp, B., ve Heckhausen, J. (2011). Goal striving and maladaptive coping in adults living with spinal cord injury: Associations with affective well-being. Journal of Aging and Health, 23(1), 158-176.
  • Marcoulides, G. A. ve Schumacker, R. E. (2001). New developments and techniques in structural equation modeling. London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.
  • Pritchard M.E., Wilson, G. S., ve Yamnitz, B. (2007). What predicts adjustment among college students? A longitudinal panel study. Journal of American College Health, 56(1), 15-22.
  • Radziwon, C. D. (2009). Help-seeking intentions in adolescents: Links to attachment, distress, and coping. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. USA: The Pennsylvania State University.
  • Rafaeli, E., Bernstein, D. P., ve Young, J. E. (2011). Şema terapi: Ayırıcı özellikler. (Çev: M. Şaşıoğlu). İstanbul: Psikonet Yayınları.
  • Rickwood, D. J., Deane, F. P., Wilson, C. J., ve Ciarrochi, J. V. (2005). Young people’s help-seeking for mental health problems. Australian e-Journal for the Advancement of Mental Health, 4(3), 218–251.
  • Rijkeboer, M. M. ve van den Bergh, H. (2006). Multiple group confirmatory factor analysis of the Young Schema- Questionnaire in a Dutch clinical versus non-clinical population. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 30(3), 263- 278.
  • Roelofs, J., Muris, P., ve Lobbestael, J. (2016). Acting and feeling like a vulnerable child, an internalized “bad” parent, or a healthy person: The assessment of schema modes in non-clinical adolescents. Journal of Personality Disorders, 30(4), 469-482.
  • Schumacker, R. E. ve Lomax, R. G. (1996). A beginner’s guide to structural equation modeling. Hillsdale, New Jersey, US: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
  • Seiffge-Krenke, I. (1993). Coping behavior in normal and clinical samples: More similarities than differences? Journal of Adolescence, 16(3), 285-303.
  • Sheu, H. B. ve Sedlacek, W. E. (2002). Helping-seeking attitudes and coping strategies among college students by race. Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the American Psychological Association, Chicago.
  • Sheu, H. B. ve Sedlacek, W. E. (2004). An exploratory study of help-seeking attitudes and coping strategies among college students by race and gender. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 37(3), 130-143.
  • Soygüt, G., Karaosmanoğlu, A. ve Çakır, Z. (2009). Erken dönem uyumsuz şemaların değerlendirilmesi: Young şema ölçeği kısa form-3'ün psikometrik özelliklerine ilişkin bir inceleme. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 20(1), 75-84.
  • Tabachnick, B. G. ve Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using multivariate statistics (6th ed.), Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
  • Türküm, A.S. (2001). Stresle başa çıkma biçimi, iyimserlik, bilişsel çarpıtma düzeyleri ve psikolojik yardım almaya ilişkin tutumlar arasındaki ilişkiler: Üniversite öğrencileri üzerinde bir araştırma. Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 1(2), 1-16.
  • van Vlierberghe, L., Braet, C., Bosmans, G., Rosseel, Y., ve Bögels, S. (2010). Maladaptive schemas and psychopathology in adolescence: On the utility of young’s schema theory in youth. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 34(4), 316-332.
  • van Vreeswijk, M. ve Broersen, J. (2006). Schemagerichte therapie in groepen: cognitieve groeps psychotherapie bij persoonlijkheids problematiek. Houten: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum/Springer Media.
  • van Vreeswijk, M., Broarsen, J., ve Nadort, M. (Eds.). (2012). The wiley-blackwell handbook of schema therapy: Theory, Research, and Practice. UK: A John Wiley & Sons.
  • van Wijk-Herbrink, M. F., Roelofs, J., Broers, N. J., Rijkeboer, M. M., Arntz, A., ve Bernstein, D. P. (2018). Validation of schema coping inventory and schema mode inventory in adolescents. Journal of Personality Disorders, 32(2), 220-241.
  • Ward‐Ciesielski, E. F., Limowski, A. R., Kreper, S. N., ve McDermott, M. J. (2019). Relationships between treatment attitudes, psychological symptoms, emotional competence, and help-seeking intentions. Journal of Counseling & Development, 97(3), 250-259.
  • Wong, P. T. ve Wong, L. C. J. (2006). Handbook of multicultural perspectives on stress and coping. New York: Springer Science & Business Media.
  • Young, J. E. ve Klosko, J. S. (1993). Hayatı yeniden keşfedin. (Çev: S. Kohen ve E. Tuncer) İstanbul: Psikonet Yayınları.
  • Young, J. E. (1999). Cognitive therapy for personality disorders: A schema-focused approach. Sarasota, FL: Professional Resource Exchange, Inc.
  • Young, J. E., Klosko, J. S., ve Weishaar, M. E. (2003). Schema therapy: A practitioner's guide. New York: Guilford Press.
  • Yöntem, M.K. ve İlhan, T. (2019). The predictive role of the parenting styles that cause early maladaptive schemas on divorce indicators. Journal of Humanity and Society, 1-9.
  • Zaff, J. F., Aasland, K., McDermott, E., Carvalho, A., Joseph, P., ve Pufall Jones, E. (2016). Exploring positive youth development among young people who leave school without graduating high school: A focus on social and emotional competencies. Qualitative Psychology, 3(1), 26-45.

A Study About The Validity and Reliability of The Turkish Version of Schema Coping Questionnaire

Year 2020, Volume: 16 Issue: 31, 4289 - 4316, 30.11.2020
https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.805108

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Schema Coping Questionnaire. The study participants consist of 367 university students, attended at Anadolu University's formal undergraduate programs in the 2017-2018 academic year. Demographic Information Form, Schema Coping Questionnaire and Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (COPE) Inventory were used as data collection tools. The data were analyzed using the LISREL 9.1 program together with the SPSS 24.00 software. Confirmatory factor analysis and similar scale validity was used to evaluate the validity of the scale, and Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient and split-half test (equivalent halves) methods were used to determine the reliability. In the confirmatory factor analysis performed for the construct validity of the scale, it was determined that the three-dimensional 12-item model of the scale (avoidance, surrender, and overcompensation) has a good fit. The internal consistency coefficients of the scale were .67 in the avoidance sub-scale, .73 in the surrender sub-scale, .69 in the overcompensation sub-scale, and .78 for the scale total. Item-total correlation coefficients of the scale were in the range of .24 and .58. According to the findings of the study, it can be stated that the Turkish form of the Schema Coping Questionnaire is a valid and reliable measurement tool that can be used to evaluate schema coping styles.

References

  • Ağargün, M. Y., Beşiroğlu, L., Kıran, Ü. K., Özer, Ö. A., ve Kara, H. (2005). COPE (Basa Çıkma Tutumlarını Değerlendirme Ölçeği): Psikometrik özelliklere iliskin bir ön çalışma. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi, 6(4), 221-226.
  • Barker, G., Olukoya, A., ve Aggleton, P. (2015). Young people, social support and help-seeking. International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health, 17(4), 315-336. doi:10.1515/IJAMH.2005.17.4.315
  • Bland, H. W., Melton, B. F., Welle, P., ve Bigham, L. (2012). Stress tolerance: New challenges for millennial college students. College Student Journal, 46(2), 362-376.
  • Bernstein, D. P. (2005). Cognitive therapy for clients with personality disorders and comorbid Axis I psychopathology. J. Reich (Ed.), Personality disorders: Current research and treatments içinde (s. 154–159). New York: Routledge.
  • Carver, C. S. ve Connor-Smith, J. (2010). Personality and coping. Annual Review of Psychology, 61(1), 679-704.
  • Colomba, M. V., Santiago, E. S., ve Rosselló, J. (1999). Coping strategies and depression in Puerto Rican adolescents: An exploratory study. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 5(1), 65-75.
  • Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G. ve Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2012). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik: SPSS ve LISREL uygulamaları (Vol. 2). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Ercan, L. E. (2010). An analysis of the relationship between attitudes towards seeking psychological help and problem solving among university students. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2(2), 1814-1819.
  • Folkman, S., Lazarus, R. S., Gruen, R. J., ve DeLongis, A. (1986). Appraisal, coping, health status, and psychological symptoms. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50(3), 571-579.
  • Hu, L.T. ve Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indices in covariance structure analysis. Structural Equation Modeling: A multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55.
  • Jacob, G., Van Genderen, H., ve Seebauer, L. (2014). Breaking negative thinking patterns: A schema therapy self-help and support book. UK: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Jöreskog, K. G. ve Sörbom, D. (2013). LISREL 9.1 for Windows [Computer software]. Lincolnwood, IL: Scientific Software International, Inc.
  • Karaosmanoğlu, H. A., Soygüt, G., ve Kabul, A. (2013). Psychometric properties of the Turkish Young Compensation Inventory. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 20(2), 171-179.
  • Lazarus, R. S. ve Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. New York: Springer Publishing Company.
  • Mackay, J., Charles, S. T., Kemp, B., ve Heckhausen, J. (2011). Goal striving and maladaptive coping in adults living with spinal cord injury: Associations with affective well-being. Journal of Aging and Health, 23(1), 158-176.
  • Marcoulides, G. A. ve Schumacker, R. E. (2001). New developments and techniques in structural equation modeling. London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.
  • Pritchard M.E., Wilson, G. S., ve Yamnitz, B. (2007). What predicts adjustment among college students? A longitudinal panel study. Journal of American College Health, 56(1), 15-22.
  • Radziwon, C. D. (2009). Help-seeking intentions in adolescents: Links to attachment, distress, and coping. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. USA: The Pennsylvania State University.
  • Rafaeli, E., Bernstein, D. P., ve Young, J. E. (2011). Şema terapi: Ayırıcı özellikler. (Çev: M. Şaşıoğlu). İstanbul: Psikonet Yayınları.
  • Rickwood, D. J., Deane, F. P., Wilson, C. J., ve Ciarrochi, J. V. (2005). Young people’s help-seeking for mental health problems. Australian e-Journal for the Advancement of Mental Health, 4(3), 218–251.
  • Rijkeboer, M. M. ve van den Bergh, H. (2006). Multiple group confirmatory factor analysis of the Young Schema- Questionnaire in a Dutch clinical versus non-clinical population. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 30(3), 263- 278.
  • Roelofs, J., Muris, P., ve Lobbestael, J. (2016). Acting and feeling like a vulnerable child, an internalized “bad” parent, or a healthy person: The assessment of schema modes in non-clinical adolescents. Journal of Personality Disorders, 30(4), 469-482.
  • Schumacker, R. E. ve Lomax, R. G. (1996). A beginner’s guide to structural equation modeling. Hillsdale, New Jersey, US: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
  • Seiffge-Krenke, I. (1993). Coping behavior in normal and clinical samples: More similarities than differences? Journal of Adolescence, 16(3), 285-303.
  • Sheu, H. B. ve Sedlacek, W. E. (2002). Helping-seeking attitudes and coping strategies among college students by race. Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the American Psychological Association, Chicago.
  • Sheu, H. B. ve Sedlacek, W. E. (2004). An exploratory study of help-seeking attitudes and coping strategies among college students by race and gender. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 37(3), 130-143.
  • Soygüt, G., Karaosmanoğlu, A. ve Çakır, Z. (2009). Erken dönem uyumsuz şemaların değerlendirilmesi: Young şema ölçeği kısa form-3'ün psikometrik özelliklerine ilişkin bir inceleme. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 20(1), 75-84.
  • Tabachnick, B. G. ve Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using multivariate statistics (6th ed.), Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
  • Türküm, A.S. (2001). Stresle başa çıkma biçimi, iyimserlik, bilişsel çarpıtma düzeyleri ve psikolojik yardım almaya ilişkin tutumlar arasındaki ilişkiler: Üniversite öğrencileri üzerinde bir araştırma. Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 1(2), 1-16.
  • van Vlierberghe, L., Braet, C., Bosmans, G., Rosseel, Y., ve Bögels, S. (2010). Maladaptive schemas and psychopathology in adolescence: On the utility of young’s schema theory in youth. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 34(4), 316-332.
  • van Vreeswijk, M. ve Broersen, J. (2006). Schemagerichte therapie in groepen: cognitieve groeps psychotherapie bij persoonlijkheids problematiek. Houten: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum/Springer Media.
  • van Vreeswijk, M., Broarsen, J., ve Nadort, M. (Eds.). (2012). The wiley-blackwell handbook of schema therapy: Theory, Research, and Practice. UK: A John Wiley & Sons.
  • van Wijk-Herbrink, M. F., Roelofs, J., Broers, N. J., Rijkeboer, M. M., Arntz, A., ve Bernstein, D. P. (2018). Validation of schema coping inventory and schema mode inventory in adolescents. Journal of Personality Disorders, 32(2), 220-241.
  • Ward‐Ciesielski, E. F., Limowski, A. R., Kreper, S. N., ve McDermott, M. J. (2019). Relationships between treatment attitudes, psychological symptoms, emotional competence, and help-seeking intentions. Journal of Counseling & Development, 97(3), 250-259.
  • Wong, P. T. ve Wong, L. C. J. (2006). Handbook of multicultural perspectives on stress and coping. New York: Springer Science & Business Media.
  • Young, J. E. ve Klosko, J. S. (1993). Hayatı yeniden keşfedin. (Çev: S. Kohen ve E. Tuncer) İstanbul: Psikonet Yayınları.
  • Young, J. E. (1999). Cognitive therapy for personality disorders: A schema-focused approach. Sarasota, FL: Professional Resource Exchange, Inc.
  • Young, J. E., Klosko, J. S., ve Weishaar, M. E. (2003). Schema therapy: A practitioner's guide. New York: Guilford Press.
  • Yöntem, M.K. ve İlhan, T. (2019). The predictive role of the parenting styles that cause early maladaptive schemas on divorce indicators. Journal of Humanity and Society, 1-9.
  • Zaff, J. F., Aasland, K., McDermott, E., Carvalho, A., Joseph, P., ve Pufall Jones, E. (2016). Exploring positive youth development among young people who leave school without graduating high school: A focus on social and emotional competencies. Qualitative Psychology, 3(1), 26-45.
There are 40 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Psychology
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ferhat Bayoğlu 0000-0002-1925-396X

Publication Date November 30, 2020
Acceptance Date November 10, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 16 Issue: 31

Cite

APA Bayoğlu, F. (2020). Şema Başa Çıkma Biçimleri Ölçeği Türkçe Formunun Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 16(31), 4289-4316. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.805108