Türk Bireylerin Kekemeliği Olan Bireylere Yönelik Dinleyici Tepkileri: Kültürlerarası Bir Karşılaştırma

Year 2021, Volume: 17 Issue: 34, 831 - 854, 28.02.2021

Mehmet Emrah Cangi Cansu Alpay

https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.809286

Abstract

Kekemeliği olan bireylere yönelik toplumsal tutumların ve tepkilerin genellikle ölçekler ile incelendiği görülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Türk ve Türk olmayan bireylerin kekemeliği olan bir bireyle etkileşimleri esnasında sergiledikleri tutumları ve davranışları deneysel bir koşulda karşılaştırmaktır. Çalışmanın katılımcıları, kekemeliği olan iki yetişkin birey ve etkileşim partneri rolünde sekiz Türk ve sekiz Türk olmayan 16 yetişkin bireydir. Deney aşamasında her bir etkileşim partneri, kekemeliği olan bir birey ile bazı temalarda bire bir sohbet etmiştir. Değerlendirme aşamasında dört puanlayıcı algıladıkları tutumlar bakımından 49 maddelik, zıt sıfatlardan oluşan bir sıfat listesi üzerinden etkileşim partnerlerini puanlamışlardır. Ayrıca iki puanlayıcı etkileşimcilerin etkileşim davranışlarını hesaplamışlardır. İki grup, puanlayıcılar arası uyum düzeyi .7 ve üstünde bulunan nitelikler bakımından bağımsız örneklemler t-testi ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Davranışsal açıdan Türk grup Türk olmayan gruptan anlamlı düzeyde daha sık ‘cümle tamamlama’ ve ‘art arda soru sorma’ davranışı sergilemiştir. Etkileşim tutumu açısından ise Türk grup yabancı gruba göre ilk hecede cevap veren, ifadeyi tamamlayan, ciddi ve kaygılı maddelerinden anlamlı düzeyde yüksek puanlar almıştır. Türk olmayan grup Türk gruba göre jest/mimik kullanan, empatik, cana yakın, pozitif, içten, samimi ve açık sıfatlarında anlamlı düzeyde yüksek puanlar almıştır.

Keywords

kekemelik, kültür, etkileşimci davranışı, etkileşimci tutumu

Turkish Individuals' Listener Reactions To The Person Who Stutters: A Cross-Cultural Comparative Study

Abstract

Social attitudes and reactions towards people who stutter (PWS) are generally examined through scales. The purpose of this study is to compare the attitudes and behaviors of Turkish and non-Turkish individuals in their interactions with PWS in an experimental condition. The participants were two PWS and 16 adults as interaction partners, including eight Turkish and eight non-Turkish individuals. In the experiment, each interaction partner engaged in a conversation with PWS on spontaneous themes. Four raters scored the attitudes of the interactors by watching the recorded videos via a questionnaire consisting of 49 antonym adjectives. Two raters calculated the interactive behaviors of the interaction partners. Based on the qualities with an agreement rate over .7 according to the reliability findings, the groups were compared with independent samples t-test. In the behavioral sense, the Turkish group exhibited significantly more 'sentence completion' and 'asking consecutive questions' behaviors compared to the non-Turkish group. In terms of interaction attitudes, the Turkish group received significantly higher scores in responding in the first syllable, completing the statement, being serious and anxious. In comparison to the Turkish group, the non-Turkish group received significantly higher scores in using gestures/facial expressions and being empathetic, warm, positive, sincere, sympathetic, and open.

Keywords

culture, interactor attitude, interactor behavior, stuttering

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