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Okul Müdürlerinin Kullandıkları Etkileme Taktikleri ile Lider Üye Etkileşimi Arasındaki İlişkinin Belirlenmesi

Year 2021, Volume: 17 Issue: 38, 4903 - 4927, 15.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.764564

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı okul müdürlerinin kullandıkları etkileme taktikleri ile lider üye etkileşimi arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesidir. Çalışma ilişkisel tarama modeli ile desenlemiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma evrenini Sivas ili merkeze bağlı okullarda görev yapan öğretmenler oluşturmaktadır. Evrene ilişkin belirlenen örneklem Sivas ili merkezindeki random usulü ile seçilen 30 okul ve bu okullarda görev yapan öğretmenler oluşturmaktadır. 330 öğretmene ölçme aracı uygulanmıştır. Veri analizi SPSS paket programı ile yapılmış, normal dağılım gösterdiği tespit edilen veri setine parametrik testlerden ortalama, standart sapma ve değişkenler arasındaki ilişkinin hesaplanmasında ve yorumlanmasında Pearson Momentler Çarpımı ve Basit Korelasyon tekniği uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları, okul müdürleri tarafından bir istekte bulunmak için kullanılan etki taktiklerinin, lider üye değişimi üzerinde bir etkisinin olduğunu ve özellikle “istişarede bulunma etki taktiğinin” bir ölçüde lider üye etkileşimi’nin tüm alt boyutlarıyla pozitif ilişkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu yüzden okul müdürü tarafından taktiğin sıklıkla kullanılması, okul örgütlerinde lider üye değişimini artırabilir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre ulaşılan sonuçlar benzer araştırma sonuçları ekseninde tartışılmış ve ulaşılan sonuçlar doğrultusunda çeşitli önerilere yer verilmiştir.

Project Number

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References

  • Adler, R. B.,and Elmhorst, J. M.(1996). Communicating at Work (5th ed). New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Başaran, İ. E. (1992). Yönetimde insan ilişkileri. Ankara: Kadıoğlu.
  • Baurer, T. N., and Green, G. S. (1996). Development of leader-member exchange Longitudinal test. The Academy of Management Journal, 36(6), 1538-1567.
  • Bruins, J. (1999). Social power and influence tactics: A theoretical introduction. Journal of Social Issues, 55, 7-14.
  • Brower, H.H., Schoorman, F.D., and Tan, H.H. (2000). A Model of Relational Leadership: The Integration of Trust and Leader-Member Exchange, Leadership Quarterly, 11(2), 227-250.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. Çakmak, E. K., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., and Demirel, F. (2013). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri.Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Castro, S. L., Douglas, C., Hochwarter, W. A., Ferris, G. R., and Frink, D. D. (2003). The effects-of positive affect and gender on the influence tactics-job performance relationship. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 10(1), 1-18
  • Cable, D. M. and Judge, T. A. (2003). Managers’ upward influence tactic strategies: The role of manager personality and supervisor leadership style. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 24, 197-214.
  • Chemers, M. M. (2000). Leadership research and theory: A functional integration. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice, 4, 27-43
  • Chen, C. H., Lee, H. M., and Yeh, Y. (2008). The antecedent and consequence of person-organization fit: Ingratiation, similarity, hiring recommendations and job offer. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 16, 210-219.
  • Dockery, T. M., and Steiner, D. D. (1990). The role of the initial interaction in leader-member exchange. Group & Organization Management, 15(4), 395-413
  • Dulebohn, J., Bommer, W., Liden, R., Broucer, R., and Ferris, G. (2011). A meta-analysis of antecedents and consequences of leader-member exchange: Integrating the past with an eye toward the future. Journal of Management, 38(6), 1715-1759
  • Eroğlu, E. and İspir, N. B. (2006). Örgütsel iletişim sürecinde yönetimsel ikna ve etkileme örnek olay incelemesi. 2nd National Public Relations Symposium, Turkey (64-70).
  • Fettahlıoğlu, Ö.O. and Akdoğan, Z. (2019). Lider üye etkileşiminin örgütsel güven algısı üzerine etkileri. International Journal of Disciplines Economics & Administrative Sciences Studies, 5(13), 295-310
  • Furst, S. A., and Cable, D. M. (2008). Employee resistance to organizational change: Managerial influence tactics and leader-member exchange. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(2), 453.
  • Gerstner, C. R., and Day, D. V. (1997). Meta-analytic review of leader–member exchange theory: Correlates and construct issues. Journal of Applied Psychology, 82, 827–844.
  • Gözü, C. (2012). Influence tactics and leadership effectiveness in Turkey and the USA: Mediatıng role of subordinate commitment. Doctoral Dissertation, University at Albany, New York.
  • Güney, S. (2015). Liderlik. Ankara:Nobel.
  • Güney, G. (2016). Etkileme taktiklerinin astın örgüte bağlılığına etkisinde lidere bağlılığın ve güvenin rolü. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Kara Harp Okulu Savunma Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Gürgen, H. (1997). Örgütlerde iletişim kalitesi. İstanbul: Der.
  • Hogg, M. and Van Knippenberg, D. (2003). Social identity and leadership processes in group. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 35(1), 1-52.
  • Ilies R., Nahrgang JD. and Morgeson, F.P. (2007). Leader-member exchange and citizenship behaviors: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(2), 269-277.
  • İnce, M., and Gül, H. (2005). Yönetimde yeni bir paradigma: Örgütsel bağlılık. Ankara: İleri Giden Ofset.
  • Kalaycı, Ş. (2010). Faktör analizi, SPSS uygulamalı çok değişkenli istatistik teknikleri. Ankara: Asil Yayınları.
  • Katrinli, A., Günay, G., and Guneri, B. (2008). Leader–member exchange, organizational identification and the mediating role of job involvement for nurses. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 64(4), 354-362.
  • Katlav, E, Ö., and Perçin, N, Ş.(2019). Algılanan etkileme taktiklerinin iş performansı üzerindeki etkisini belirlemede kontrol odağının düzenleyici rolü: otel işletmelerinde bir uygulama . Sosyal Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi, Ekonomi&Siyaset Özel Sayısı, 225-244.
  • Kipnis, D. Schmidt, S. M., and Wilkinson, I. (1980). Intra organizational Influence Tactics: Explorations in getting one’s way. Journal of Applied Psychology, 65(4), 440-452.
  • Kipnis, D., Schmidt, S. M., Swaffin-Smith, C., and Wilkinson, I. (1984). Patterns of managerial influence: Shotgun managers, tacticians, and bystanders. Organizational Dynamics, 12(3), 58-67.
  • Koçak, D. Çınar, O. (2020). Lider-üye etkileşimi ve örgütsel sessizlik arasındaki ilişkide pozitif psikolojik sermayenin aracı rolü: Hizmet sektöründe bir araştırma. Atatürk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 24(1), 1-20.
  • Koçel, T. (2011). İşletme yöneticiliği. İstanbul: Beta Yayıncılık.
  • Liden, R. C., and Maslyn, J. M. (1998). Multidimensionality of leader-member exchange: An empirical assessment through scale development. Journal of Management, 24(1), 43-72.
  • McFarland, L. A., Ryan, A. M., and Kriska, S. D. (2002). Field study investigation of applicant use of influence tactics in a selection interview. The Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied, 136(4), 383–398.
  • Northouse, P.G. (2001). Leadership. Thousand Oaks. California CA: Sage Publications.
  • Norvapalo, K. (2014). The quality and development of the leader-follower relationship and psychological capital: a longitudinal case study in a higher education context. Jyväskylä Studies in Business and Economics, (144), University of Jyväskylä Publications.
  • Ozgan, H. andAvan, Y. (2016). Examination of the relationship between influence tactics used by school principals and leader-member exchange (The Sample of Sivas Province). 14th International JTEFS/BBCC Conference on Sustainable Development, Culture, Education, Konya,Turkey.
  • Özdemir, M., and Arslan, M.C. (2015). Okul müdürlerinin kullandıkları etki taktiklerinin öğretmenler üzerindeki etkileri (Gaziantep Case Study). 6th International Conference on New Horizons in Education, 60-61. Barselona, İspanya.
  • Özkalp, E., and Kırel, Ç. (2013). Örgütsel davranış. Bursa: Ekin.
  • Pehlivan, Ü. (2018). İlköğretim kurumu yöneticilerinin kullandıkları etkileme taktikleri ile öğretmenlerin örgütsel bağlılığı arasındaki ilişki. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Gazi Üniversitesi, Ankara.
  • Peterson, T. O. and Van Fleet, D. D. (2004). The ongoing legacy of r.l. katz. an updated typology of management skills. Management Decision, 42(10), 1297-1308.
  • Peterson,M.F. and Hunt, J.G.(1997). International perspectives on international leadership. Leadership Quarterly, 8(3), 203-231.
  • Raile, A.N.W. (2008). Managerial downward influence tactics: Considering the “wy” of employee commitment. Doctoral Dissertation, Michigan State University .
  • Remus, I., NahrganG, J., and Morgeson, F, (2007). leader-member exchange and citizenship behaviors: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(2), 269-277.
  • Shammari, A. M., and Ebrahim. E, H. (2015). Leader-member exchange and organizational justice in Bahraini workgroups. Management and Organizational Studies, 2(1), 87-94.
  • Scandura, T. A. (1999). Rethinking leader- member exchange: An organizational justice perspective. The Leadership Quarterly, 10(1), 25-40.
  • Schriesheim, C. A., Castro, S. L., and Cogliser, C. C. (1999). Leader-member exchange (LMX) research: A comprehensive review of theory, measurement, and data-analytic practices. Leadership Quarterly, 10(1), 63-113.
  • Şimşek, Ş., and Öğe, S. (2011). İnsan kaynakları yönetimi. Konya: Eğitim Kitapevi.
  • Tekben, İ and Koşar, D. (2019). Ortaöğretim kurumlarında görev yapan müdürlerin kullandıkları etkileme taktikleri ile öğretmenlerin örgütsel bağlılıkları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. İnönü Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 20(3), 987-1007.
  • William, A. K. (1990). Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work. Academy of Management Journal, 33(4), 692-724.
  • Xu Huang, Simon C. H. Chan, Wing Lam and Xinsheng Nan, (2010). The joint effect of leader-member exchange and emotional intelligence on burnout work performance in call centers in China.The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 21(7), 1124-1144.
  • Yang, H. C., Yang, W. R., and Lee, C. H. (2015). Influence of organizational exchange relationship on motivation: Mediating effect of positive psychological capital and self-enhancement bias. International Information Institute, 19(4), 82-86.
  • Yukl, G., N. and Falbe, C. M. (1990). Influence tactics and objectives in upward, downward, and lateral influence attempts. Journal of Applied Psychology, 75, 132-140.
  • Yukl, G., and Michel, J. (2006). Proactive influence tactics and leader–member exchange. In C. A. Schriesheim & L. Neider (Eds.), Power and influence in organizations: Research in management (pp. 87−103). Greenwich, CT: Information Age Publishing.
  • Yukl, G., Seifert, C. F., and Chavez, C. (2008). Validation of the extended influence behavior questionnaire. The Leadership Quarterly, 609-621.

Determining the Relationship Between Influence Tactics Used by School Principals and Leader- Member Exchange

Year 2021, Volume: 17 Issue: 38, 4903 - 4927, 15.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.764564

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the relationship between influence tactics used by school principals and Leader-Member Exchange (LMX). It was designed with the correlational survey model. The research universe consisted of teachers working at public schools in the city center of Sivas/Turkey, the respondents involved 330 teachers from 30 randomly selected public schools and all the teachers were surveyed. SPSS 20.0 was used in the data analysis and as the data set showed normal distribution, means and standard deviation values were calculated. The Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient was estimated and Simple Linear Correlation Analysis was conducted. The research results indicated that influence tactics used by school principals to carry out a request have an impact on leader-member exchange and in particular, consultation tactic positively correlates with all the sub-dimensions of LMX to some extent. Thus, frequent use of tactics by the school principal may enhance leader-member exchange in school organizations. The research findings were discussed on the basis of similar studies and the paper concluded by offering several recommendations.

Supporting Institution

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Project Number

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Thanks

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References

  • Adler, R. B.,and Elmhorst, J. M.(1996). Communicating at Work (5th ed). New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Başaran, İ. E. (1992). Yönetimde insan ilişkileri. Ankara: Kadıoğlu.
  • Baurer, T. N., and Green, G. S. (1996). Development of leader-member exchange Longitudinal test. The Academy of Management Journal, 36(6), 1538-1567.
  • Bruins, J. (1999). Social power and influence tactics: A theoretical introduction. Journal of Social Issues, 55, 7-14.
  • Brower, H.H., Schoorman, F.D., and Tan, H.H. (2000). A Model of Relational Leadership: The Integration of Trust and Leader-Member Exchange, Leadership Quarterly, 11(2), 227-250.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. Çakmak, E. K., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., and Demirel, F. (2013). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri.Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Castro, S. L., Douglas, C., Hochwarter, W. A., Ferris, G. R., and Frink, D. D. (2003). The effects-of positive affect and gender on the influence tactics-job performance relationship. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 10(1), 1-18
  • Cable, D. M. and Judge, T. A. (2003). Managers’ upward influence tactic strategies: The role of manager personality and supervisor leadership style. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 24, 197-214.
  • Chemers, M. M. (2000). Leadership research and theory: A functional integration. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice, 4, 27-43
  • Chen, C. H., Lee, H. M., and Yeh, Y. (2008). The antecedent and consequence of person-organization fit: Ingratiation, similarity, hiring recommendations and job offer. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 16, 210-219.
  • Dockery, T. M., and Steiner, D. D. (1990). The role of the initial interaction in leader-member exchange. Group & Organization Management, 15(4), 395-413
  • Dulebohn, J., Bommer, W., Liden, R., Broucer, R., and Ferris, G. (2011). A meta-analysis of antecedents and consequences of leader-member exchange: Integrating the past with an eye toward the future. Journal of Management, 38(6), 1715-1759
  • Eroğlu, E. and İspir, N. B. (2006). Örgütsel iletişim sürecinde yönetimsel ikna ve etkileme örnek olay incelemesi. 2nd National Public Relations Symposium, Turkey (64-70).
  • Fettahlıoğlu, Ö.O. and Akdoğan, Z. (2019). Lider üye etkileşiminin örgütsel güven algısı üzerine etkileri. International Journal of Disciplines Economics & Administrative Sciences Studies, 5(13), 295-310
  • Furst, S. A., and Cable, D. M. (2008). Employee resistance to organizational change: Managerial influence tactics and leader-member exchange. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(2), 453.
  • Gerstner, C. R., and Day, D. V. (1997). Meta-analytic review of leader–member exchange theory: Correlates and construct issues. Journal of Applied Psychology, 82, 827–844.
  • Gözü, C. (2012). Influence tactics and leadership effectiveness in Turkey and the USA: Mediatıng role of subordinate commitment. Doctoral Dissertation, University at Albany, New York.
  • Güney, S. (2015). Liderlik. Ankara:Nobel.
  • Güney, G. (2016). Etkileme taktiklerinin astın örgüte bağlılığına etkisinde lidere bağlılığın ve güvenin rolü. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Kara Harp Okulu Savunma Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Gürgen, H. (1997). Örgütlerde iletişim kalitesi. İstanbul: Der.
  • Hogg, M. and Van Knippenberg, D. (2003). Social identity and leadership processes in group. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 35(1), 1-52.
  • Ilies R., Nahrgang JD. and Morgeson, F.P. (2007). Leader-member exchange and citizenship behaviors: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(2), 269-277.
  • İnce, M., and Gül, H. (2005). Yönetimde yeni bir paradigma: Örgütsel bağlılık. Ankara: İleri Giden Ofset.
  • Kalaycı, Ş. (2010). Faktör analizi, SPSS uygulamalı çok değişkenli istatistik teknikleri. Ankara: Asil Yayınları.
  • Katrinli, A., Günay, G., and Guneri, B. (2008). Leader–member exchange, organizational identification and the mediating role of job involvement for nurses. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 64(4), 354-362.
  • Katlav, E, Ö., and Perçin, N, Ş.(2019). Algılanan etkileme taktiklerinin iş performansı üzerindeki etkisini belirlemede kontrol odağının düzenleyici rolü: otel işletmelerinde bir uygulama . Sosyal Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi, Ekonomi&Siyaset Özel Sayısı, 225-244.
  • Kipnis, D. Schmidt, S. M., and Wilkinson, I. (1980). Intra organizational Influence Tactics: Explorations in getting one’s way. Journal of Applied Psychology, 65(4), 440-452.
  • Kipnis, D., Schmidt, S. M., Swaffin-Smith, C., and Wilkinson, I. (1984). Patterns of managerial influence: Shotgun managers, tacticians, and bystanders. Organizational Dynamics, 12(3), 58-67.
  • Koçak, D. Çınar, O. (2020). Lider-üye etkileşimi ve örgütsel sessizlik arasındaki ilişkide pozitif psikolojik sermayenin aracı rolü: Hizmet sektöründe bir araştırma. Atatürk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 24(1), 1-20.
  • Koçel, T. (2011). İşletme yöneticiliği. İstanbul: Beta Yayıncılık.
  • Liden, R. C., and Maslyn, J. M. (1998). Multidimensionality of leader-member exchange: An empirical assessment through scale development. Journal of Management, 24(1), 43-72.
  • McFarland, L. A., Ryan, A. M., and Kriska, S. D. (2002). Field study investigation of applicant use of influence tactics in a selection interview. The Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied, 136(4), 383–398.
  • Northouse, P.G. (2001). Leadership. Thousand Oaks. California CA: Sage Publications.
  • Norvapalo, K. (2014). The quality and development of the leader-follower relationship and psychological capital: a longitudinal case study in a higher education context. Jyväskylä Studies in Business and Economics, (144), University of Jyväskylä Publications.
  • Ozgan, H. andAvan, Y. (2016). Examination of the relationship between influence tactics used by school principals and leader-member exchange (The Sample of Sivas Province). 14th International JTEFS/BBCC Conference on Sustainable Development, Culture, Education, Konya,Turkey.
  • Özdemir, M., and Arslan, M.C. (2015). Okul müdürlerinin kullandıkları etki taktiklerinin öğretmenler üzerindeki etkileri (Gaziantep Case Study). 6th International Conference on New Horizons in Education, 60-61. Barselona, İspanya.
  • Özkalp, E., and Kırel, Ç. (2013). Örgütsel davranış. Bursa: Ekin.
  • Pehlivan, Ü. (2018). İlköğretim kurumu yöneticilerinin kullandıkları etkileme taktikleri ile öğretmenlerin örgütsel bağlılığı arasındaki ilişki. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Gazi Üniversitesi, Ankara.
  • Peterson, T. O. and Van Fleet, D. D. (2004). The ongoing legacy of r.l. katz. an updated typology of management skills. Management Decision, 42(10), 1297-1308.
  • Peterson,M.F. and Hunt, J.G.(1997). International perspectives on international leadership. Leadership Quarterly, 8(3), 203-231.
  • Raile, A.N.W. (2008). Managerial downward influence tactics: Considering the “wy” of employee commitment. Doctoral Dissertation, Michigan State University .
  • Remus, I., NahrganG, J., and Morgeson, F, (2007). leader-member exchange and citizenship behaviors: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(2), 269-277.
  • Shammari, A. M., and Ebrahim. E, H. (2015). Leader-member exchange and organizational justice in Bahraini workgroups. Management and Organizational Studies, 2(1), 87-94.
  • Scandura, T. A. (1999). Rethinking leader- member exchange: An organizational justice perspective. The Leadership Quarterly, 10(1), 25-40.
  • Schriesheim, C. A., Castro, S. L., and Cogliser, C. C. (1999). Leader-member exchange (LMX) research: A comprehensive review of theory, measurement, and data-analytic practices. Leadership Quarterly, 10(1), 63-113.
  • Şimşek, Ş., and Öğe, S. (2011). İnsan kaynakları yönetimi. Konya: Eğitim Kitapevi.
  • Tekben, İ and Koşar, D. (2019). Ortaöğretim kurumlarında görev yapan müdürlerin kullandıkları etkileme taktikleri ile öğretmenlerin örgütsel bağlılıkları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. İnönü Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 20(3), 987-1007.
  • William, A. K. (1990). Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work. Academy of Management Journal, 33(4), 692-724.
  • Xu Huang, Simon C. H. Chan, Wing Lam and Xinsheng Nan, (2010). The joint effect of leader-member exchange and emotional intelligence on burnout work performance in call centers in China.The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 21(7), 1124-1144.
  • Yang, H. C., Yang, W. R., and Lee, C. H. (2015). Influence of organizational exchange relationship on motivation: Mediating effect of positive psychological capital and self-enhancement bias. International Information Institute, 19(4), 82-86.
  • Yukl, G., N. and Falbe, C. M. (1990). Influence tactics and objectives in upward, downward, and lateral influence attempts. Journal of Applied Psychology, 75, 132-140.
  • Yukl, G., and Michel, J. (2006). Proactive influence tactics and leader–member exchange. In C. A. Schriesheim & L. Neider (Eds.), Power and influence in organizations: Research in management (pp. 87−103). Greenwich, CT: Information Age Publishing.
  • Yukl, G., Seifert, C. F., and Chavez, C. (2008). Validation of the extended influence behavior questionnaire. The Leadership Quarterly, 609-621.
There are 53 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Other Fields of Education
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Habib Özkan 0000-0001-7496-058X

Yasin Avan 0000-0003-2622-2982

Project Number ---
Publication Date June 15, 2021
Acceptance Date May 27, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 17 Issue: 38

Cite

APA Özkan, H., & Avan, Y. (2021). Determining the Relationship Between Influence Tactics Used by School Principals and Leader- Member Exchange. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 17(38), 4903-4927. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.764564