An Analysis on Visegrad Group: Formation, Functioning, Effects and Problems

Year 2021, Volume: 18 Issue: 40, 2961 - 2998, 01.08.2021

Selim Yeşiltaş , Tolga Erdem

https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.871140

Abstract

The Visegrad Group is a Central and Eastern European co-operation organization, which dates back to 1991, although its origins are long-established. In this study, the formation, operation, effects and problems experienced by the Visegrad Group from past to present are analyzed in a multidimensional way. In addition, the integration process of Visegrad countries to the West and the issues they face during this process are discussed in detail. The main purpose of the group was to get rid of the influence of communism and to fully adapt to the West, militarily and economically. However, it is seen that Visegrad countries are also involved in the problems of harmonization within Europe after full membership to the EU. The refugee issue and migration crisis in 2014, and beginning of the Brexit process in 2016, has caused the Visegrad Group to become a full opposition character within the EU. On the other hand, as the group felt excluded from the EU, its problems with the EU tended to increase continuously. In this context, the problems in the relations between the two sides and the reason why these problems cannot be solved despite the dialogue approach of the European Union constitute the main analysis scope of this study.

Keywords

The Visegrád Group, Visegrád Four, V4, The European Union, Integration

Vişegrad Grubu Üzerine Bir Analiz: Oluşumu, İşleyişi, Etkileri ve Sorunlar

Abstract

Vişegrad Grubu, kökeni oldukça eskilere dayanmakla birlikte 1991 yılında güncel halini alan Orta ve Doğu Avrupa iş birliği organizasyonudur. Bu çalışmada, Vişegrad Grubu'nun geçmişten günümüze kadar yaşadığı oluşum, işleyiş, etkiler ve sorunlar çok yönlü olarak analiz edilmektedir. Ayrıca Avrupa Birliği (AB) üyesi olan Vişegrad ülkelerinin Batı'ya entegrasyon süreci ve bu süreç içerisinde karşılaştıkları sorunlar detaylı olarak ele alınmaktadır. Grubun başlıca kuruluş amacı, komünizmin etkisinden kurtularak askeri ve ekonomik olarak Batı'ya tam uyum sağlamaktır. Ancak AB'ye tam üyelik sonrasında Avrupa içindeki uyum sorunlarında Vişegrad ülkelerinin de yer aldığı görülmektedir. 2014 yılındaki mülteci sorunu ve göç krizi ile 2016 yılında başlayan Brexit süreci, Vişegrad Grubu’nun AB içerisinde tam muhalif kimliğe dönüşmesine neden olmuştur. Diğer yandan, Grubun AB’den dışlandığını hissetmesiyle AB ile yaşadığı sorunlar sürekli artma eğilimi göstermiştir. Bu bağlamda iki taraf arasındaki ilişkilerde yaşanan sorunlar ve AB’nin diyalog yaklaşımına rağmen söz konusu sorunların neden çözülemediği hususu, bu çalışmanın temel analiz kapsamını oluşturmaktadır.

Keywords

Vişegrad Grubu, Vişegrad Dörtlüsü, V4, Avrupa Birliği, Entegrasyon

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