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Sağlık Yöneticisi Adaylarının Görüşlerine Göre Akademik Etik Dışı Davranışların Nedenleri

Year 2021, Volume: 18 Issue: Yönetim ve Organizasyon Özel Sayısı, 1394 - 1414, 10.07.2021
https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.873374

Abstract

Bu çalışma, sağlık yöneticisi adaylarını akademik etik dışı davranışlara yönelten nedenlerin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında; Isparta Uygulamalı Bilimler Üniversitesi Sağlık Kurumları İşletmeciliği Programı’nda öğrenim gören, 2019-2020 eğitim öğretim yılı bahar döneminde ilgili ders için ödev/çalışma raporu teslim eden ve raporunda en az bir etik dışı davranış şekline rastlanan 130 öğrenciye araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen bir anket formu uygulanmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda sağlık yöneticisi adaylarını ödev yapma sürecinde etik dışı davranışlara yönelten 25 farklı neden tespit edilmiştir. Bu nedenler arasında en önemlileri; araştırma yöntemleri ve etiği konusunda bilgi eksikliği, tembellik yapma, zamanı iyi yönetememe, kaynak yetersizliği, öğrencinin dersi/ödevi önemsememesi ve öğretim elemanının tüm ödevleri detaylı olarak okuyamayacağı düşüncesidir. Sağlık yöneticisi adaylarının akademik etik dışı davranışları üzerinde en az etkili olan nedenler arasında ise öğrencinin lisansüstü eğitim amacının olmaması, ödevi başkasına yaptırma, okunan bölümde gelecek görememe, öğretim elemanının öğrenciye fazla zaman ayıramaması, öğretim elemanının ödevi önemsemediğini hissettirmesi ve öğrencinin önceliklerinin (DGS, KPSS vb.) farklı olması sayılabilir. Çalışmanın sonucunda, genelde tüm üniversite öğrencilerinin özelde ise sağlık yöneticisi adaylarının akademik etik dışı davranışlara yönelmelerini önlemede ilgili tarafların önemli sorumlulukları olduğu anlaşılmış ve bu doğrultuda önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

References

  • Ahmad, S., Islam, M. and Amin, M. (2020). A study of Pakistani students’ perceptions about academic dishonesty at university level. Journal of Research and Reflections in Education, 14(1), 81-92.
  • Akakandelwa, A., Jain, P. and Wamundila, S. (2013). Academic dishonesty: A comparative study of students of library and information science in Botswana and Zambia. Journal of Information Ethics, 22(2), 141-154. doi:10.3172/JIE.22.2.137
  • Arefeen, S., Khairi Bin Mohyuddin, M. and Aktaruzzaman Khan, M. (2020). An exploration of unethical behavior attitude of tertiary level students of Bangladesh. Global Journal of Management and Business Research, 20(17), 39-47. doi:10.34257/GJMBRAVOL20IS17PG39.
  • Auger, G. A. and Waters, R. D. (2020). An analysis of discussions on academic dishonesty in Journalism and Mass Communication Educator. Journalism & Mass Communication Educator, 75(4), 483-499. doi:10.1177/1077695820930941
  • Avaroğulları, M. (2016). Sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının görüşlerine göre intihalin sebepleri. Turkish Studies International Periodical for the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic, 11(3), 293-314. doi:10.7827/TurkishStudies.9458
  • Bacon, A. M., McDaid, C., Williams, N. and Corr, P. J. (2020). What motivates academic dishonesty in students? A reinforcement sensitivity theory explanation. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 90, 152-166. doi:10.1111/bjep.12269
  • Baran, L. ve Jonason, P. K. (2020). Academic dishonesty among university students: The roles of the psychopathy, motivation, and self-efficacy. PLOS ONE, 15(8), e0238141. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0238141
  • Chala, W. D. (2021). Perceived seriousness of academic cheating behaviors among undergraduate students: An Ethiopian experience. International Journal for Educational Integrity, 17(2), 1-15. doi:10.1007/s40979-020-00069-z
  • Dejene, W. (2021). Academic cheating in Ethiopian secondary schools: Prevalence, perceived severity, and justifications. Cogent Education, 8(1), 1866803. doi:10.1080/2331186X.2020.1866803
  • Erkaya, O. R. (2009). Plagiarism by Turkish students: Causes and solutions. The Asian EFL Journal, 11(2), 86-103.
  • Ersoy, A. ve Karaduman, H. (2010). Sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının hazırladıkları araştırma raporlarında dijital aşırma: Google arama motoru örneği. 9. Ulusal Sınıf Öğretmenliği Eğitimi Sempozyumunda sunulan bildiri, Elazığ.
  • Ersoy, A. ve Özden, M. (2011). The views of teacher candidates regarding the role of instructor in plagiarizing from Internet in their assignments. Elementary Education Online, 10(2), 608-619.
  • Ersoy, A. (2014). İnternet kaynaklarından intihal yaptığımın farkında değildim: Bir olgubilim araştırması. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 35, 47-60.
  • Greenwood, M., Walkem, K., Smith, L. M., Shearer, T. and Stirling, C. (2014). Postgraduate nursing student knowledge, attitudes, skills, and confidence in appropriately referencing academic work. The Journal of Nursing Education, 53(8), 447-452. doi:10.3928/01484834-20140725-01
  • Ives, B. and Giukin, L. (2020). Patterns and predictors of academic dishonesty in Moldovan university students. Journal of Academic Ethics, 18, 71-88. doi:10.1007/s10805-019-09347-z
  • Javed, A. (2019). Predicting the underlying factors of academic dishonesty by university students: A case study. Electronic Research Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 1(1), 86-100. doi:10.5281/zenodo.3526404
  • Karim, N. S. A., Zamzuri, N. H. A. and Nor, Y. M. (2009). Exploring the relationship between Internet ethics in university students and the big five model of personality. Computers & Education, 53(1), 86-93. doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2009.01.001
  • Khodaie, E., Moghadamzadeh, A. and Salehi, K. (2011). Factors affecting the probability of academic cheating school students in Tehran. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 29, 1587-1595. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.11.401.
  • Kiekkas, P., Michalopoulos, E., Stefanopoulos, N., Samartzi, K., Krania, P., Giannikopoulou, M. and Igoumenidis, M. (2020). Reasons for academic dishonesty during examinations among nursing students: Cross-sectional survey. Nurse Education Today, 86, 104-314. doi:10.1016/j.nedt.2019.104314
  • Kopotev, M., Rostovtsev, A. and Sokolov, M. (2021). Shifting the norm: The case of academic plagiarism detection. D. Gritsenko, M. Wijermars ve M. Kopotev (Edts.), The Palgrave Handbook of Digital Russia Studies içinde (483-500). Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Krou, M. R., Fong, C. J. and Hoff, M. A. (2020). Achievement motivation and academic dishonesty: A meta-analytic investigation. Educational Psychology Review, 33, 427-458. doi:10.1007/s10648-020-09557-7
  • Krueger, L. (2014). Academic dishonesty among nursing students. The Journal of Nursing Education, 53(2), 77-87. doi:10.3928/01484834-20140122-06
  • Lee, C., Kim, S., Choe, K. and Kim, S. (2021). Effect of ethics seminar on moral sensitivity and ethical behavior of clinical nurses. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(1), 241. doi:10.3390/ijerph18010241
  • Lee, S. D., Kuncel, N. R. and Gau, J. (2020). Personality, attitude, and demographic correlates of academic dishonesty: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 146(11), 1042-1058. doi:10.1037/bul0000300
  • Lin, C. H. S. and Wen, L. Y. M. (2007). Academic dishonesty in higher education—a nationwide study in Taiwan. Higher Education, 54, 85-97. doi:10.1007/s10734-006-9047-z
  • Macale, L., Ghezzi, V., Rocco, G., Fida, R., Vellone, E. and Alvaro, R. (2017). Academic dishonesty among Italian nursing students: A longitudinal study. Nurse Education Today, 50, 57-61. doi:10.1016/j.nedt.2016.12.013
  • Maio, C. D., Dixon, K. and Yeo, S. (2020) Responding to student plagiarism in Western Australian universities: The disconnect between policy and academic staff. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 42(1), 102-116. doi:10.1080/1360080X.2019.1662927
  • Miranda, S. M. and Freiere, C. (2011). Academic dishonesty- understanding how undergraduate students think and act. ISATT Conference Sempozyumunda sunulan bildiri, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
  • Okumuş, A. (2020). Bilimsel araştırma teknikleri [PDF belgesi]. Ders Notları Online Web site: 20 Aralık 2020 tarihinde http://auzefkitap.istanbul.edu.tr/kitap/kok/bilimselarastirmateknikleri.pdf adresinden erişildi.
  • Onu, D. U., Onyedibe, M. C. C. Ugwu, L. E. and Nche, G. C. (2021). Relationship between religious commitment and academic dishonesty: Is self-efficacy a factor? Ethics & Behavior, 31(1), 13-20. doi:10.1080/10508422.2019.1695618
  • Orhan, F. ve Günay, A. (2014). Üniversite öğrencilerinin internet tabanlı akademik usulsüzlük nedenlerinin çeşitli değişkenlere göre incelenmesi. Ege Eğitim Dergisi, 15(1), 176-190. doi:10.12984/eed.41835
  • Ömür, Y. E., Aydın, R. ve Argon, T. (2014). Öğretmen adaylarının olumsuz değerlendirilme korkuları ile akademik sahtekârlık eğilimleri arasındaki ilişki. Eğitim ve İnsani Bilimler Dergisi: Teori ve Uygulama [Journal of Education and Humanities: Theory and Practice], 5(9), 131-149.
  • Özden, M., Özdemir Özden, D. ve Biçer, B. (2015). Akademik usulsüzlük: Öğretmen adaylarının görüşleri ve deneyimleri. Mersin Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 11(2), 505-525. doi:10.17860/efd.43453
  • Özenç Uçak, N. ve Birinci, G. (2008). Bilimsel etik ve intihal. Türk Kütüphaneciliği, 22(2), 187-204.
  • Özmen, S. ve Yurttaş, A. (2020). Hemşirelik öğrencilerinde akademik usulsüzlük. Türkiye Biyoetik Dergisi, 7(1), 21-28. doi:10.5505/tjob.2020.98598
  • Pàmies, M. D. M., Valverde, M. and Cross, C. (2020). Organising research on university student plagiarism: A process approach. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 45(3), 401-418. doi:10.1080/02602938.2019.1658714
  • Park, C. (2004). Rebels without a clause: Towards an institutional framework for dealing with plagiarism by students. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 28(3), 291-306. doi:10.1080/0309877042000241760
  • Pittman, O. A. and Barker, E. (2020). Academic dishonesty: What impact does it have and what can faculty do? Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 32(9), 598-601. doi:10.1097/JXX.0000000000000477
  • Selwyn, N. (2008). An investigation of differences in undergraduates’ academic use of the internet. Active Learning in Higher Education, 9(1), 11-22. doi:10.1177/1469787407086744
  • Seven, M. A. ve Engin, A. O. (2008). Eğitim fakültesi öğrencilerinin kopya çekmeye duydukları ihtiyaç ve kopya çekme sebepleri. Atatürk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 11(1), 121-136.
  • Thomas, D. (2020). Academic dishonesty, religious fundamentalism, among students at a religious university. International Forum, 23(1), 126-138.
  • Ünal, Y. ve Özenç Uçak, N. (2017). Farklı eğitim ve kültürlerdeki üniversite öğrencilerinin intihale ilişkin görüş ve davranışları. Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 34(1), 177-194.
  • Wajda-Johnston, V. A., Handal, P. J., Brawer, P. A. and Fabricatore, A. N. (2001). Academic dishonesty at the graduate level. Ethics & Behavior, 11(3), 287-305. doi:10.1207/S15327019EB1103_7

The Reasons for Academic Unethical Behaviors According to the Views of Prospective Health Managers

Year 2021, Volume: 18 Issue: Yönetim ve Organizasyon Özel Sayısı, 1394 - 1414, 10.07.2021
https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.873374

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the reasons that lead prospective health managers to academic unethical behaviors. Within the scope of the study, a questionnaire form developed by the researcher was applied to 130 students studying in Isparta University of Applied Sciences Health Institutions Management Program who submitted assignment/study report for the relevant course in the spring semester of the 2019-2020 academic year and had at least one type of unethical behavior in their reports. As a result of the analysis, 25 different reasons that led prospective health managers to unethical behaviors during the assignment process were found. The most important of these reasons were the lack of knowledge on research methods and ethics, laziness, inability to manage time well, lack of resources, student's disregard for the course/assignment, and the idea that the instructor would not be able to read all assignments in detail. Students' lack of aim for postgraduate education, making someone else do assignments, lack of future vision for the department studied, instructors' failure to allocate much time to students, the fact that the instructor made students feel that he/she did not care about assignments, and students' different priorities can be mentioned among the least effective reasons for prospective health managers' academic unethical behaviors. As a result of the study, it was found out that the relevant parties had important responsibilities in preventing all university students in general and prospective health managers in particular from leading to academic unethical behaviors, and recom-mendations were made accordingly.

References

  • Ahmad, S., Islam, M. and Amin, M. (2020). A study of Pakistani students’ perceptions about academic dishonesty at university level. Journal of Research and Reflections in Education, 14(1), 81-92.
  • Akakandelwa, A., Jain, P. and Wamundila, S. (2013). Academic dishonesty: A comparative study of students of library and information science in Botswana and Zambia. Journal of Information Ethics, 22(2), 141-154. doi:10.3172/JIE.22.2.137
  • Arefeen, S., Khairi Bin Mohyuddin, M. and Aktaruzzaman Khan, M. (2020). An exploration of unethical behavior attitude of tertiary level students of Bangladesh. Global Journal of Management and Business Research, 20(17), 39-47. doi:10.34257/GJMBRAVOL20IS17PG39.
  • Auger, G. A. and Waters, R. D. (2020). An analysis of discussions on academic dishonesty in Journalism and Mass Communication Educator. Journalism & Mass Communication Educator, 75(4), 483-499. doi:10.1177/1077695820930941
  • Avaroğulları, M. (2016). Sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının görüşlerine göre intihalin sebepleri. Turkish Studies International Periodical for the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic, 11(3), 293-314. doi:10.7827/TurkishStudies.9458
  • Bacon, A. M., McDaid, C., Williams, N. and Corr, P. J. (2020). What motivates academic dishonesty in students? A reinforcement sensitivity theory explanation. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 90, 152-166. doi:10.1111/bjep.12269
  • Baran, L. ve Jonason, P. K. (2020). Academic dishonesty among university students: The roles of the psychopathy, motivation, and self-efficacy. PLOS ONE, 15(8), e0238141. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0238141
  • Chala, W. D. (2021). Perceived seriousness of academic cheating behaviors among undergraduate students: An Ethiopian experience. International Journal for Educational Integrity, 17(2), 1-15. doi:10.1007/s40979-020-00069-z
  • Dejene, W. (2021). Academic cheating in Ethiopian secondary schools: Prevalence, perceived severity, and justifications. Cogent Education, 8(1), 1866803. doi:10.1080/2331186X.2020.1866803
  • Erkaya, O. R. (2009). Plagiarism by Turkish students: Causes and solutions. The Asian EFL Journal, 11(2), 86-103.
  • Ersoy, A. ve Karaduman, H. (2010). Sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının hazırladıkları araştırma raporlarında dijital aşırma: Google arama motoru örneği. 9. Ulusal Sınıf Öğretmenliği Eğitimi Sempozyumunda sunulan bildiri, Elazığ.
  • Ersoy, A. ve Özden, M. (2011). The views of teacher candidates regarding the role of instructor in plagiarizing from Internet in their assignments. Elementary Education Online, 10(2), 608-619.
  • Ersoy, A. (2014). İnternet kaynaklarından intihal yaptığımın farkında değildim: Bir olgubilim araştırması. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 35, 47-60.
  • Greenwood, M., Walkem, K., Smith, L. M., Shearer, T. and Stirling, C. (2014). Postgraduate nursing student knowledge, attitudes, skills, and confidence in appropriately referencing academic work. The Journal of Nursing Education, 53(8), 447-452. doi:10.3928/01484834-20140725-01
  • Ives, B. and Giukin, L. (2020). Patterns and predictors of academic dishonesty in Moldovan university students. Journal of Academic Ethics, 18, 71-88. doi:10.1007/s10805-019-09347-z
  • Javed, A. (2019). Predicting the underlying factors of academic dishonesty by university students: A case study. Electronic Research Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 1(1), 86-100. doi:10.5281/zenodo.3526404
  • Karim, N. S. A., Zamzuri, N. H. A. and Nor, Y. M. (2009). Exploring the relationship between Internet ethics in university students and the big five model of personality. Computers & Education, 53(1), 86-93. doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2009.01.001
  • Khodaie, E., Moghadamzadeh, A. and Salehi, K. (2011). Factors affecting the probability of academic cheating school students in Tehran. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 29, 1587-1595. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.11.401.
  • Kiekkas, P., Michalopoulos, E., Stefanopoulos, N., Samartzi, K., Krania, P., Giannikopoulou, M. and Igoumenidis, M. (2020). Reasons for academic dishonesty during examinations among nursing students: Cross-sectional survey. Nurse Education Today, 86, 104-314. doi:10.1016/j.nedt.2019.104314
  • Kopotev, M., Rostovtsev, A. and Sokolov, M. (2021). Shifting the norm: The case of academic plagiarism detection. D. Gritsenko, M. Wijermars ve M. Kopotev (Edts.), The Palgrave Handbook of Digital Russia Studies içinde (483-500). Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Krou, M. R., Fong, C. J. and Hoff, M. A. (2020). Achievement motivation and academic dishonesty: A meta-analytic investigation. Educational Psychology Review, 33, 427-458. doi:10.1007/s10648-020-09557-7
  • Krueger, L. (2014). Academic dishonesty among nursing students. The Journal of Nursing Education, 53(2), 77-87. doi:10.3928/01484834-20140122-06
  • Lee, C., Kim, S., Choe, K. and Kim, S. (2021). Effect of ethics seminar on moral sensitivity and ethical behavior of clinical nurses. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(1), 241. doi:10.3390/ijerph18010241
  • Lee, S. D., Kuncel, N. R. and Gau, J. (2020). Personality, attitude, and demographic correlates of academic dishonesty: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 146(11), 1042-1058. doi:10.1037/bul0000300
  • Lin, C. H. S. and Wen, L. Y. M. (2007). Academic dishonesty in higher education—a nationwide study in Taiwan. Higher Education, 54, 85-97. doi:10.1007/s10734-006-9047-z
  • Macale, L., Ghezzi, V., Rocco, G., Fida, R., Vellone, E. and Alvaro, R. (2017). Academic dishonesty among Italian nursing students: A longitudinal study. Nurse Education Today, 50, 57-61. doi:10.1016/j.nedt.2016.12.013
  • Maio, C. D., Dixon, K. and Yeo, S. (2020) Responding to student plagiarism in Western Australian universities: The disconnect between policy and academic staff. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 42(1), 102-116. doi:10.1080/1360080X.2019.1662927
  • Miranda, S. M. and Freiere, C. (2011). Academic dishonesty- understanding how undergraduate students think and act. ISATT Conference Sempozyumunda sunulan bildiri, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
  • Okumuş, A. (2020). Bilimsel araştırma teknikleri [PDF belgesi]. Ders Notları Online Web site: 20 Aralık 2020 tarihinde http://auzefkitap.istanbul.edu.tr/kitap/kok/bilimselarastirmateknikleri.pdf adresinden erişildi.
  • Onu, D. U., Onyedibe, M. C. C. Ugwu, L. E. and Nche, G. C. (2021). Relationship between religious commitment and academic dishonesty: Is self-efficacy a factor? Ethics & Behavior, 31(1), 13-20. doi:10.1080/10508422.2019.1695618
  • Orhan, F. ve Günay, A. (2014). Üniversite öğrencilerinin internet tabanlı akademik usulsüzlük nedenlerinin çeşitli değişkenlere göre incelenmesi. Ege Eğitim Dergisi, 15(1), 176-190. doi:10.12984/eed.41835
  • Ömür, Y. E., Aydın, R. ve Argon, T. (2014). Öğretmen adaylarının olumsuz değerlendirilme korkuları ile akademik sahtekârlık eğilimleri arasındaki ilişki. Eğitim ve İnsani Bilimler Dergisi: Teori ve Uygulama [Journal of Education and Humanities: Theory and Practice], 5(9), 131-149.
  • Özden, M., Özdemir Özden, D. ve Biçer, B. (2015). Akademik usulsüzlük: Öğretmen adaylarının görüşleri ve deneyimleri. Mersin Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 11(2), 505-525. doi:10.17860/efd.43453
  • Özenç Uçak, N. ve Birinci, G. (2008). Bilimsel etik ve intihal. Türk Kütüphaneciliği, 22(2), 187-204.
  • Özmen, S. ve Yurttaş, A. (2020). Hemşirelik öğrencilerinde akademik usulsüzlük. Türkiye Biyoetik Dergisi, 7(1), 21-28. doi:10.5505/tjob.2020.98598
  • Pàmies, M. D. M., Valverde, M. and Cross, C. (2020). Organising research on university student plagiarism: A process approach. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 45(3), 401-418. doi:10.1080/02602938.2019.1658714
  • Park, C. (2004). Rebels without a clause: Towards an institutional framework for dealing with plagiarism by students. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 28(3), 291-306. doi:10.1080/0309877042000241760
  • Pittman, O. A. and Barker, E. (2020). Academic dishonesty: What impact does it have and what can faculty do? Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 32(9), 598-601. doi:10.1097/JXX.0000000000000477
  • Selwyn, N. (2008). An investigation of differences in undergraduates’ academic use of the internet. Active Learning in Higher Education, 9(1), 11-22. doi:10.1177/1469787407086744
  • Seven, M. A. ve Engin, A. O. (2008). Eğitim fakültesi öğrencilerinin kopya çekmeye duydukları ihtiyaç ve kopya çekme sebepleri. Atatürk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 11(1), 121-136.
  • Thomas, D. (2020). Academic dishonesty, religious fundamentalism, among students at a religious university. International Forum, 23(1), 126-138.
  • Ünal, Y. ve Özenç Uçak, N. (2017). Farklı eğitim ve kültürlerdeki üniversite öğrencilerinin intihale ilişkin görüş ve davranışları. Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 34(1), 177-194.
  • Wajda-Johnston, V. A., Handal, P. J., Brawer, P. A. and Fabricatore, A. N. (2001). Academic dishonesty at the graduate level. Ethics & Behavior, 11(3), 287-305. doi:10.1207/S15327019EB1103_7
There are 43 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Operation
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Mustafa Demirkıran 0000-0002-5411-8552

Publication Date July 10, 2021
Acceptance Date March 9, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 18 Issue: Yönetim ve Organizasyon Özel Sayısı

Cite

APA Demirkıran, M. (2021). Sağlık Yöneticisi Adaylarının Görüşlerine Göre Akademik Etik Dışı Davranışların Nedenleri. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 18(Yönetim ve Organizasyon Özel Sayısı), 1394-1414. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.873374