EFFECT OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP ON JOB PERFORMANCE AND JOB SATISFACTION
Year 2020,
Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 56 - 67, 30.06.2020
Süleyman Cem Bozdoğan
,
Alptuğ Aksoy
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of transformational leadership on job performance and job satisfaction. For this purpose, data were collected from 377 participants working at public schools in Bahçe. The relationships between variables were calculated by carrying out confirmatory factor analysis, and the goodness of fit tests and regression analysis of the model was carried out using structural equation model. In the analyses, it was determined that transformational leadership had a significant positive effect on job performance and job satisfaction.
References
- Aamodt, M. (2012). Industrial/organizational psychology: An applied approach: Nelson Education.
- Antonakis, J., Avolio, B. J., & Sivasubramaniam, N. (2003). Context and leadership: An examination of the nine-factor full-range leadership theory using the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire. The Leadership Quarterly, 14(3), 261-295.
- Aslan, H. (2019a). The Mediating Role of Leader-Member Exchange in the Effect of Transformational Leadership on Employee Performance and Job Satisfaction. In E. KARA (Ed.), Business and Economics Researches Book (pp. 201). Ankara: Akademisyen Kitabevi.
- Aslan, H. (2019b). The Mediation Role Of Work Engagement in the Effect of Transformational Leadership on Job Satisfaction. In S. Evci & V. Arya (Eds.), TEORIES AND CRITICS IN ECONOMICS &MANAGEMENT (pp. 521-531). London: IJOPEC Publication Limited.
- Avolio, B. J., & Bass, B. M. (2004). Multifactor leadership questionnaire (MLQ). Mind Garden, 29.
- Barling, J., Clegg, S. R., & Cooper, C. L. (2008). The SAGE Handbook of Organizational Behavior: Volume Two: Macro Approaches in C L Cooper and J Barling (Eds.) (Vol. 2, pp. 427-447): Sage.
- Bass, B. M., & Bass Bernard, M. (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectations.
- Bass, B. M., & Riggio, R. E. (2014). Transformational leadership (2nded.). New York: Routledge.
- Baytar, Ö. (2010). İş yaşamında stresin işgören performansı üzerindeki etkileri. Marmara University. Retrieved from https://katalog.marmara.edu.tr/eyayin/tez/T0070840.pdf
- Braun, S., Peus, C., Weisweiler, S., & Frey, D. (2013). Transformational leadership, job satisfaction, and team performance: A multilevel mediation model of trust. The Leadership Quarterly, 24(1), 270-283.
- Bryman, A. (1992). Charisma and leadership in organizations: Sage London.
- Buil, I., Martínez, E., & Matute, J. (2019). Transformational leadership and employee performance: The role of identification, engagement and proactive personality. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 77, 64-75.
- Bushra, F., Ahmad, U., & Naveed, A. (2011). Effect of transformational leadership on employees' job satisfaction and organizational commitment in banking sector of Lahore (Pakistan). International journal of Business and Social science, 2(18).
Bycio, P., Hackett, R. D., & Allen, J. S. (1995). Further assessments of Bass's (1985) conceptualization of transactional and transformational leadership. Journal of applied psychology, 80(4), 468.
Chen, Y.-F. (2009). Job stress and performance: A study of police officers in central Taiwan. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 37(10), 1341-1356.
Chiang, C.-F., & Lin, M.-Y. (2016). Motivating organizational commitment in hotels: The relationship between leaders and employees. Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality & Tourism, 15(4), 462-484.
- Choi, S. L., Goh, C. F., Adam, M. B. H., & Tan, O. K. (2016). Transformational leadership, empowerment, and job satisfaction: the mediating role of employee empowerment. Human resources for health, 14(1), 73.
- Churchill Jr, G. A., Ford, N. M., & Walker Jr, O. C. (1974). Measuring the job satisfaction of industrial salesmen. Journal of Marketing Research, 11(3), 254-260.
Corbally, J. E., Nystrand, R. O., & Campbell, R. (1983). Introduction to educational administration: Allyn and Bacon.
- Edwards, B. D., Bell, S. T., Arthur, J., Winfred, & Decuir, A. D. (2008). Relationships between facets of job satisfaction and task and contextual performance. Applied psychology, 57(3), 441-465.
- Glisson, C., & Durick, M. (1988). Predictors of job satisfaction and organizational commitment in human service organizations. Administrative science quarterly, 61-81.
Griffin, M. A., Neal, A., & Parker, S. K. (2007). A new model of work role performance: Positive behavior in uncertain and interdependent contexts. Academy of management journal, 50(2), 327-347.
- Gürbüz, S., & Şahin, F. (2016). Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma yöntemleri felsefe, yöntem, analiz (3. bs.). Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
- Hamidifar, F. (2010). A study of the relationship between leadership styles and employee job satisfaction at IAU in Tehran, Iran. Au-GSB e-Journal, 3(1).
- Herman, H., & Chiu, W. C. (2014). Transformational leadership and job performance: A social identity perspective. Journal of business research, 67(1), 2827-2835.
- Herold, D. M., Fedor, D. B., Caldwell, S., & Liu, Y. (2008). The effects of transformational and change leadership on employees' commitment to a change: A multilevel study. Journal of applied psychology, 93(2), 346.
Herzberg, F. M., & Mausner, B. (1959). B. and Snyderman, BB (1959) The motivation to work. 2, li.
- Howell, J. M., & Avolio, B. J. (1993). Transformational leadership, transactional leadership, locus of control, and support for innovation: Key predictors of consolidated-business-unit performance. Journal of applied psychology, 78(6), 891.
- Hoy, W. K., & Miskel, C. G. (1987). Theory research and practice. Educational Administration.
- Janssen, O., & Van Yperen, N. W. (2004). Employees' goal orientations, the quality of leader-member exchange, and the outcomes of job performance and job satisfaction. Academy of management journal, 47(3), 368-384.
- Judge, T. A., & Piccolo, R. F. (2004). Transformational and transactional leadership: a meta-analytic test of their relative validity. Journal of applied psychology, 89(5), 755.
- Jyoti, J., & Bhau, S. (2015). Impact of transformational leadership on job performance: Mediating role of leader–member exchange and relational identification. Sage Open, 5(4), 2158244015612518.
- Kantas, Α. (1993). Organizational-Industrial Psychology. Incentives-Job satisfaction-Leadership. Athens: EllinikaGrammata.
- Kanter, R. M. (1983). The change masters: corporate entrepreneurs at work. Boston: Cox and Wyman Ltd.
- Kanungo, R. N. (2001). Ethical values of transactional and transformational leaders. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences/Revue Canadienne des Sciences de l'Administration, 18(4), 257-265.
- Leithwood, K. (1992). The move toward transformational leadership. Educational Leadership, 59(5), 8-12.
- Lim, B.-C., & Ployhart, R. E. (2004). Transformational leadership: relations to the five-factor model and team performance in typical and maximum contexts. Journal of applied psychology, 89(4), 610.
- Ling, Y., Simsek, Z., Lubatkin, M. H., & Veiga, J. F. (2008). The impact of transformational CEOs on the performance of small-to medium-sized firms: Does organizational context matter? Journal of applied psychology, 93(4), 923.
- Locke, E. A. (1976). The nature and causes of job satisfaction. Handbook of industrial and organizational psychology. Chicago: RandMc Narlly.
- Mahmoud, A. (2008). A study of nurses' job satisfaction: the relationship to organizational commitment, perceived organizational support, transactional leadership, transformational leadership, and level of education. European journal of scientific research, 22(2), 286-295.
- March, J. G., & Simon, H. A. (1958). Organizations John Wiley & Sons. New York.
- Maslow, A. (1954). H.(1954). Motivation and personality.
- McCloy, R. A., Campbell, J. P., & Cudeck, R. (1994). A confirmatory test of a model of performance determinants. Journal of applied psychology, 79(4), 493.
- McGrath, R. G., & MacMillan, I. C. (2000). The entrepreneurial mindset: Strategies for continuously creating opportunity in an age of uncertainty (Vol. 284): Harvard Business Press.
- McKenna, E. F. (2000). Business psychology and organisational behaviour: a student's handbook: Psychology Press.
- Mesterova, J., Prochazka, J., Vaculik, M., & Smutny, P. (2015). Relationship between self-efficacy, transformational leadership and leader effectiveness. Journal of Advanced Management Science Vol, 3(2).
- Meydan, C., & Şeşen, H. (2015). Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli AMOS Uygulamaları: Detay Yayıncılık: Ankara.
- Miskel, C. G., & Hoy, W. K. (2001). Educational administration: Theory, research, and practice: New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, Incl.
- Mohammad, S., Al-Zeaud, H., & Batayneh, A. (2011). The relationship between transformational leadership and employees’ leadership questionnaire. J Leader Organ Stud, 18(2), 164-174.
- Muchiri, H. (2016). Effects of Rewards on Employee Performance in the Hospitality Industry: A Case of Nairobi Serena Hotel. United States International University-Africa.
- Munir, R. I. S., Rahman, R. A., Malik, A. M. A., & Ma’amor, H. (2012). Relationship between transformational leadership and employees’ job satisfaction among the academic staff. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 65, 885-890.
- Obeidat, B. Y., & Tarhini, A. (2016). A Jordanian empirical study of the associations among transformational leadership, transactional leadership, knowledge sharing, job performance, and firm performance. Journal of Management Development.
- Porter, L. W. (1961). A study of perceived need satisfactions in bottom and middle management jobs. Journal of applied psychology, 45(1), 1.
- Quarstein, V. A., McAfee, R. B., & Glassman, M. (1992). The situational occurrences theory of job satisfaction. Human relations, 45(8), 859-873.
- Resick, C. J., Whitman, D. S., Weingarden, S. M., & Hiller, N. J. (2009). The bright-side and the dark-side of CEO personality: examining core self-evaluations, narcissism, transformational leadership, and strategic influence. Journal of applied psychology, 94(6), 1365.
- Roodt, G., Rieger, H., & Sempane, M. (2002). Job satisfaction in relation to organisational culture. SA Journal of industrial Psychology, 28(2), 23-30.
- Sashkin, M. (2004). Transformational leadership approaches: A review and synthesis.
- Snipes, R. L., Oswald, S. L., LaTour, M., & Armenakis, A. A. (2005). The effects of specific job satisfaction facets on customer perceptions of service quality: an employee-level analysis. Journal of business research, 58(10), 1330-1339.
- Thompson, D. P., McNamara, J. F., & Hoyle, J. R. (1997). Job satisfaction in educational organizations: A synthesis of research findings. Educational Administration Quarterly, 33(1), 7-37.
- Thomson III, N. B., Rawson, J. V., Slade, C. P., & Bledsoe, M. (2016). Transformation and Transformational Leadership:: A Review of the Current and Relevant Literature for Academic Radiologists. Academic radiology, 23(5), 592-599.
- Vecchio, P. R. (1995). Organizational Behavior (3rded.). UK: The Dryden Press.
- Viswesvaran, C., & Ones, D. S. (2000). Perspectives on models of job performance. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 8(4), 216-226.
- Vroom, V. H. (1964). Work and motivation. new york: John willey & sons. Inc. VroomWork and Motivation1964.
- Wan Omar, W., & Hussin, F. (2013). Transformational leadership style and job satisfaction relationship: A study of structural equation modeling (SEM). International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences (IJARBSS), 3(2), 346-365.
- Zhu, W., Chew, I. K., & Spangler, W. D. (2005). CEO transformational leadership and organizational outcomes: The mediating role of human–capital-enhancing human resource management. The Leadership Quarterly, 16(1), 39-52.
DÖNÜŞÜMSEL LİDERLİĞİN İŞ PERFORMANSI VE İŞ TATMİNİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ
Year 2020,
Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 56 - 67, 30.06.2020
Süleyman Cem Bozdoğan
,
Alptuğ Aksoy
Abstract
Bu çalışmanın amacı, dönüşümsel liderliğin iş performansı ve iş tatmini üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktır. Bu amaçla Bahçede devlet okullarında çalışan 377 katılımcıdan veri toplanmıştır. Değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiler doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılarak hesaplanmış ve modelin uyum iyiliği testleri ve regresyon analizi yapısal eşitlik modeli kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Analizlerde dönüşümsel liderliğin iş performansı ve iş tatmini üzerinde önemli bir olumlu etkisi olduğu belirlenmiştir.
References
- Aamodt, M. (2012). Industrial/organizational psychology: An applied approach: Nelson Education.
- Antonakis, J., Avolio, B. J., & Sivasubramaniam, N. (2003). Context and leadership: An examination of the nine-factor full-range leadership theory using the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire. The Leadership Quarterly, 14(3), 261-295.
- Aslan, H. (2019a). The Mediating Role of Leader-Member Exchange in the Effect of Transformational Leadership on Employee Performance and Job Satisfaction. In E. KARA (Ed.), Business and Economics Researches Book (pp. 201). Ankara: Akademisyen Kitabevi.
- Aslan, H. (2019b). The Mediation Role Of Work Engagement in the Effect of Transformational Leadership on Job Satisfaction. In S. Evci & V. Arya (Eds.), TEORIES AND CRITICS IN ECONOMICS &MANAGEMENT (pp. 521-531). London: IJOPEC Publication Limited.
- Avolio, B. J., & Bass, B. M. (2004). Multifactor leadership questionnaire (MLQ). Mind Garden, 29.
- Barling, J., Clegg, S. R., & Cooper, C. L. (2008). The SAGE Handbook of Organizational Behavior: Volume Two: Macro Approaches in C L Cooper and J Barling (Eds.) (Vol. 2, pp. 427-447): Sage.
- Bass, B. M., & Bass Bernard, M. (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectations.
- Bass, B. M., & Riggio, R. E. (2014). Transformational leadership (2nded.). New York: Routledge.
- Baytar, Ö. (2010). İş yaşamında stresin işgören performansı üzerindeki etkileri. Marmara University. Retrieved from https://katalog.marmara.edu.tr/eyayin/tez/T0070840.pdf
- Braun, S., Peus, C., Weisweiler, S., & Frey, D. (2013). Transformational leadership, job satisfaction, and team performance: A multilevel mediation model of trust. The Leadership Quarterly, 24(1), 270-283.
- Bryman, A. (1992). Charisma and leadership in organizations: Sage London.
- Buil, I., Martínez, E., & Matute, J. (2019). Transformational leadership and employee performance: The role of identification, engagement and proactive personality. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 77, 64-75.
- Bushra, F., Ahmad, U., & Naveed, A. (2011). Effect of transformational leadership on employees' job satisfaction and organizational commitment in banking sector of Lahore (Pakistan). International journal of Business and Social science, 2(18).
Bycio, P., Hackett, R. D., & Allen, J. S. (1995). Further assessments of Bass's (1985) conceptualization of transactional and transformational leadership. Journal of applied psychology, 80(4), 468.
Chen, Y.-F. (2009). Job stress and performance: A study of police officers in central Taiwan. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 37(10), 1341-1356.
Chiang, C.-F., & Lin, M.-Y. (2016). Motivating organizational commitment in hotels: The relationship between leaders and employees. Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality & Tourism, 15(4), 462-484.
- Choi, S. L., Goh, C. F., Adam, M. B. H., & Tan, O. K. (2016). Transformational leadership, empowerment, and job satisfaction: the mediating role of employee empowerment. Human resources for health, 14(1), 73.
- Churchill Jr, G. A., Ford, N. M., & Walker Jr, O. C. (1974). Measuring the job satisfaction of industrial salesmen. Journal of Marketing Research, 11(3), 254-260.
Corbally, J. E., Nystrand, R. O., & Campbell, R. (1983). Introduction to educational administration: Allyn and Bacon.
- Edwards, B. D., Bell, S. T., Arthur, J., Winfred, & Decuir, A. D. (2008). Relationships between facets of job satisfaction and task and contextual performance. Applied psychology, 57(3), 441-465.
- Glisson, C., & Durick, M. (1988). Predictors of job satisfaction and organizational commitment in human service organizations. Administrative science quarterly, 61-81.
Griffin, M. A., Neal, A., & Parker, S. K. (2007). A new model of work role performance: Positive behavior in uncertain and interdependent contexts. Academy of management journal, 50(2), 327-347.
- Gürbüz, S., & Şahin, F. (2016). Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma yöntemleri felsefe, yöntem, analiz (3. bs.). Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
- Hamidifar, F. (2010). A study of the relationship between leadership styles and employee job satisfaction at IAU in Tehran, Iran. Au-GSB e-Journal, 3(1).
- Herman, H., & Chiu, W. C. (2014). Transformational leadership and job performance: A social identity perspective. Journal of business research, 67(1), 2827-2835.
- Herold, D. M., Fedor, D. B., Caldwell, S., & Liu, Y. (2008). The effects of transformational and change leadership on employees' commitment to a change: A multilevel study. Journal of applied psychology, 93(2), 346.
Herzberg, F. M., & Mausner, B. (1959). B. and Snyderman, BB (1959) The motivation to work. 2, li.
- Howell, J. M., & Avolio, B. J. (1993). Transformational leadership, transactional leadership, locus of control, and support for innovation: Key predictors of consolidated-business-unit performance. Journal of applied psychology, 78(6), 891.
- Hoy, W. K., & Miskel, C. G. (1987). Theory research and practice. Educational Administration.
- Janssen, O., & Van Yperen, N. W. (2004). Employees' goal orientations, the quality of leader-member exchange, and the outcomes of job performance and job satisfaction. Academy of management journal, 47(3), 368-384.
- Judge, T. A., & Piccolo, R. F. (2004). Transformational and transactional leadership: a meta-analytic test of their relative validity. Journal of applied psychology, 89(5), 755.
- Jyoti, J., & Bhau, S. (2015). Impact of transformational leadership on job performance: Mediating role of leader–member exchange and relational identification. Sage Open, 5(4), 2158244015612518.
- Kantas, Α. (1993). Organizational-Industrial Psychology. Incentives-Job satisfaction-Leadership. Athens: EllinikaGrammata.
- Kanter, R. M. (1983). The change masters: corporate entrepreneurs at work. Boston: Cox and Wyman Ltd.
- Kanungo, R. N. (2001). Ethical values of transactional and transformational leaders. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences/Revue Canadienne des Sciences de l'Administration, 18(4), 257-265.
- Leithwood, K. (1992). The move toward transformational leadership. Educational Leadership, 59(5), 8-12.
- Lim, B.-C., & Ployhart, R. E. (2004). Transformational leadership: relations to the five-factor model and team performance in typical and maximum contexts. Journal of applied psychology, 89(4), 610.
- Ling, Y., Simsek, Z., Lubatkin, M. H., & Veiga, J. F. (2008). The impact of transformational CEOs on the performance of small-to medium-sized firms: Does organizational context matter? Journal of applied psychology, 93(4), 923.
- Locke, E. A. (1976). The nature and causes of job satisfaction. Handbook of industrial and organizational psychology. Chicago: RandMc Narlly.
- Mahmoud, A. (2008). A study of nurses' job satisfaction: the relationship to organizational commitment, perceived organizational support, transactional leadership, transformational leadership, and level of education. European journal of scientific research, 22(2), 286-295.
- March, J. G., & Simon, H. A. (1958). Organizations John Wiley & Sons. New York.
- Maslow, A. (1954). H.(1954). Motivation and personality.
- McCloy, R. A., Campbell, J. P., & Cudeck, R. (1994). A confirmatory test of a model of performance determinants. Journal of applied psychology, 79(4), 493.
- McGrath, R. G., & MacMillan, I. C. (2000). The entrepreneurial mindset: Strategies for continuously creating opportunity in an age of uncertainty (Vol. 284): Harvard Business Press.
- McKenna, E. F. (2000). Business psychology and organisational behaviour: a student's handbook: Psychology Press.
- Mesterova, J., Prochazka, J., Vaculik, M., & Smutny, P. (2015). Relationship between self-efficacy, transformational leadership and leader effectiveness. Journal of Advanced Management Science Vol, 3(2).
- Meydan, C., & Şeşen, H. (2015). Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli AMOS Uygulamaları: Detay Yayıncılık: Ankara.
- Miskel, C. G., & Hoy, W. K. (2001). Educational administration: Theory, research, and practice: New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, Incl.
- Mohammad, S., Al-Zeaud, H., & Batayneh, A. (2011). The relationship between transformational leadership and employees’ leadership questionnaire. J Leader Organ Stud, 18(2), 164-174.
- Muchiri, H. (2016). Effects of Rewards on Employee Performance in the Hospitality Industry: A Case of Nairobi Serena Hotel. United States International University-Africa.
- Munir, R. I. S., Rahman, R. A., Malik, A. M. A., & Ma’amor, H. (2012). Relationship between transformational leadership and employees’ job satisfaction among the academic staff. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 65, 885-890.
- Obeidat, B. Y., & Tarhini, A. (2016). A Jordanian empirical study of the associations among transformational leadership, transactional leadership, knowledge sharing, job performance, and firm performance. Journal of Management Development.
- Porter, L. W. (1961). A study of perceived need satisfactions in bottom and middle management jobs. Journal of applied psychology, 45(1), 1.
- Quarstein, V. A., McAfee, R. B., & Glassman, M. (1992). The situational occurrences theory of job satisfaction. Human relations, 45(8), 859-873.
- Resick, C. J., Whitman, D. S., Weingarden, S. M., & Hiller, N. J. (2009). The bright-side and the dark-side of CEO personality: examining core self-evaluations, narcissism, transformational leadership, and strategic influence. Journal of applied psychology, 94(6), 1365.
- Roodt, G., Rieger, H., & Sempane, M. (2002). Job satisfaction in relation to organisational culture. SA Journal of industrial Psychology, 28(2), 23-30.
- Sashkin, M. (2004). Transformational leadership approaches: A review and synthesis.
- Snipes, R. L., Oswald, S. L., LaTour, M., & Armenakis, A. A. (2005). The effects of specific job satisfaction facets on customer perceptions of service quality: an employee-level analysis. Journal of business research, 58(10), 1330-1339.
- Thompson, D. P., McNamara, J. F., & Hoyle, J. R. (1997). Job satisfaction in educational organizations: A synthesis of research findings. Educational Administration Quarterly, 33(1), 7-37.
- Thomson III, N. B., Rawson, J. V., Slade, C. P., & Bledsoe, M. (2016). Transformation and Transformational Leadership:: A Review of the Current and Relevant Literature for Academic Radiologists. Academic radiology, 23(5), 592-599.
- Vecchio, P. R. (1995). Organizational Behavior (3rded.). UK: The Dryden Press.
- Viswesvaran, C., & Ones, D. S. (2000). Perspectives on models of job performance. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 8(4), 216-226.
- Vroom, V. H. (1964). Work and motivation. new york: John willey & sons. Inc. VroomWork and Motivation1964.
- Wan Omar, W., & Hussin, F. (2013). Transformational leadership style and job satisfaction relationship: A study of structural equation modeling (SEM). International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences (IJARBSS), 3(2), 346-365.
- Zhu, W., Chew, I. K., & Spangler, W. D. (2005). CEO transformational leadership and organizational outcomes: The mediating role of human–capital-enhancing human resource management. The Leadership Quarterly, 16(1), 39-52.