Yatan Çocuk ve Ergen Psikiyatri Hastalarının Klinik Özellikleri ile Bakım Verenlerin Kaygı, Umutsuzluk, Bakım Yükü ve Tükenmişlik Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, üçüncü basamak bir psikiyatri servisinde yatan çocuk ve ergenlerin bakımverenlerinin stres, tükenmişlik, bakım yükü ve umutsuzluk düzeylerini değerlendirmek ve bu faktörlerle hastaların yaş, semptom şiddeti, işlevsellik ve hastalık süresi gibi değişkenler arasındaki ilişkileri incelemektir. Bu çalışmaya erken başlangıçlı şizofreni (n=20), bipolar bozukluk (n=17), depresif bozukluk (n=27) ve dikkat eksikliği ve hiperaktivite bozukluğu (n=13), tanıları konmuş 77 çocuk ve ergen ile bu hastaların bakım verenlerini kapsamaktadır. Klinik semptomlar, Çocuklar için Global Değerlendirme Ölçeği ve Klinik Global İzlenim ölçeği ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bakım verenler, Bakım Verenin Stres Ölçeği, Zarith Bakım Yükü Ölçeği, Maslach - Tükenmişlik Ölçeği, Beck Umutsuzluk Ölçeği, Beck Anksiyete Ölçeği kullanılarak stres, tükenmişlik, bakım yükü ve umutsuzluk düzeyleri ölçülmüştür. Çalışmaya katılan hasta grubunun yaş ortalaması 15,6±2,8 olup 40’ı (%51,9) erkek, 37’i (%48,1) kızdı. Bakım verenlerin %26’sı stres düzeyi yüksek, %32,5’inin anksiyete düzeyi orta-şiddetli bulunmuştur. Bakım verenlerin tükenmişlik düzeyi orta-yüksek, bakım yükü düzeyi orta şiddette, umutsuzluk düzeyi hafif şiddette şeklindeydi. Bakım verenlerin %70,1’i bakım yükü yaşadığını ifade etmiştir. Bakım yükü açısından tanılar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmamıştır (p=0,774). Tükenmişlik ve bakım yükü ölçekleri arasında pozitif korelasyon saptanmış (r: 0.623, p<0,001), ancak hastaların yaş, işlevsellik ve semptom şiddeti ile bu ölçekler arasında anlamlı ilişki bulunamamıştır. Bulgular, psikiyatrik hastalığı olan çocuk ve ergenlerin ebeveynlerinin stres ve bakım yükünü azaltmaya yönelik destekleyici müdahalelere ihtiyaç olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu tür müdahalelerin, ebeveynlerin yaşam kalitesini artırabileceği ve tedavi süreçlerini olumlu yönde etkileyebileceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• bakım veren
• psikiyatri yataklı servis
• bakım yükü
• çocuk ve ergen

Evaluation of the Relationship Between Clinical Characteristics of Inpatient Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Patients and the Anxiety, Hopelessness, Caregiver Burden, and Burnout Levels of Their Caregivers

Öz

This study aims to evaluate the stress, burnout, caregiving burden, and hopelessness levels of caregivers of children and adolescents hospitalized in a tertiary psychiatric ward and to examine the relationships between these factors and variables such as the patient’s age, symptom severity, functionality, and duration of illness. This study included 77 children and adolescents diagnosed with early-onset schizophrenia (n=20), bipolar disorder (n=17), depressive disorder (n=27) and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (n=13), along with their caregivers. Clinical symptoms were assessed using the Children’s Global Assessment Scale and the Clinical Global Impressions Scale. Caregivers were evaluated for stress, burnout, caregiver burden, and hopelessness levels using the Caregiver Strain Index, Zarit Burden Interview, Maslach Burnout Inventory, Beck Hopelessness Scale, and Beck Anxiety Inventory. The mean age of the patient group was 15.6 ± 2.8 years, with 40 (51.9%) being male and 37 (48.1%) female. Among caregivers, 26% had high stress levels, and 32.5% had moderate-to-severe anxiety levels. Caregivers' burnout levels were moderate-to-high, caregiving burden levels were moderate, and hopelessness levels were mild. A total of 70.1% of caregivers reported experiencing caregiver burden. No statistically significant differences were found in caregiver burden across diagnostic groups (p=0.774). A positive correlation was identified between burnout and caregiver burden (r: 0.623, p<0.001); however, no significant associations were found between these scales and patients’ age, functionality, or symptom severity. The findings indicate a need for supportive interventions to reduce the stress and caregiving burden of parents of children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders. Such interventions may enhance the quality of life for caregivers and positively influence treatment processes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• caregiver
• psychiatric inpatient unit
• caregiving burden
• child and adolescent

Kaynakça

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