Neurophysiology, Clinical Applications and Technological Developments of Electrodermal Activity

Öz

Electrodermal activity (EDA) is a measurement method that reflects the electrical activity of eccrine sweat glands, which are controlled by the sympathetic nervous system. This review aims to comprehensively examine the neurophysiological foundations, clinical applications, and technological developments of EDA from the perspective of brain function and awareness. EDA consists of two main components — the skin conductance level and the skin conductance response — which provide objective information about an individual's emotional states and physiological arousal levels. EDA allows the non-invasive assessment of functional activities in critical brain structures such as the limbic system and prefrontal cortex. It is regulated by three main neural pathways: the limbic-hypothalamic pathway, the motor planning pathway, and the reticular formation-based pathway. In clinical applications, EDA is used as a reliable measurement method for evaluating neuropsychiatric conditions such as anxiety, depression, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and autism spectrum disorder. Recent advances in wearable technologies and signal processing algorithms have enhanced real-time EDA monitoring and improved its clinical accessibility. Furthermore, incorporating EDA technology into digital health systems offers the opportunity for continuous and non-invasive monitoring of physiological responses in personalized medicine applications. In conclusion, EDA emerges as a valuable tool for brain-based autonomic assessments and holds significant promise for future clinical applications.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Electrodermal activity
• neurophysiology
• brain awareness
• autonomic nervous system
• clinical applications
• wearable technology.

Elektrodermal Aktivitenin Nörofizyolojisi, Klinik Uygulamaları ve Teknolojik Gelişmeler

Öz

Elektrodermal aktivite (EDA), sempatik sinir sistemi tarafından kontrol edilen ekrin ter bezlerinin elektriksel aktivitesini yansıtan bir ölçüm yöntemidir. Bu inceleme, beyin fonksiyonu ve farkındalık açısından EDA'nın nörofizyolojik temellerini, klinik uygulamalarını ve teknolojik gelişmelerini kapsamlı bir şekilde incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. EDA, bir bireyin duygusal durumları ve fizyolojik uyarılma düzeyleri hakkında objektif bilgi sağlayan iki ana bileşenden oluşur: deri iletkenlik düzeyi ve deri iletkenlik yanıtı. EDA, limbik sistem ve prefrontal korteks gibi kritik beyin yapıları içindeki fonksiyonel aktivitelerin invaziv olmayan değerlendirilmesine olanak tanıyarak, üç ana sinir yoluyla düzenlenir: limbik-hipotalamik yol, motor planlama yolu ve retiküler oluşuma dayalı yol. Klinik uygulamalarda EDA, anksiyete, depresyon, dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu, travma sonrası stres bozukluğu ve otizm spektrum bozukluğu gibi nöropsikiyatrik durumları değerlendirmek için güvenilir bir ölçüm yöntemi olarak kullanılmaktadır. Giyilebilir teknolojilerin gelişimi ve gelişmiş sinyal işleme algoritmalarının entegrasyonu, EDA verilerinin gerçek zamanlı izlenmesini kolaylaştırmış ve klinik uygulamada erişilebilirliğini artırmıştır. Ayrıca, EDA teknolojisinin dijital sağlık sistemlerine entegre edilmesi, kişiselleştirilmiş tıp uygulamalarında fizyolojik tepkilerin sürekli ve invaziv olmayan bir şekilde izlenmesi fırsatı sunmaktadır. Sonuç olarak, EDA beyin temelli otonom değerlendirmeler için değerli bir araç olarak ortaya çıkıyor ve gelecekteki klinik uygulamalar için önemli umutlar taşıyor. A

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Elektrodermal aktivite
• nörofizyoloji
• beyin farkındalığı
• otonom sinir sistemi
• klinik uygulamalar
• giyilebilir teknoloji.

Kaynakça

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