Endoplazmik Retikulum Stresi ve İlişkili Hastalıklar

Öz

Endoplazmik retikulum, lipid ve protein sentezi, protein katlanması, kalsiyum homeostazı gibi çeşitli fonksiyonları gerçekleştiren bir organeldir. Bu organelde katlanmamış veya yanlış katlanmış proteinlerin artması ve birikimi sonucu, organel homeostazında değişiklikler meydana gelmektedir. Bu durum organelin fonksiyonlarını bozarak endoplazmik retikulum stresine neden olmaktadır. Katlanmamış proteinler, protein kümelerini oluşturmaya eğilimli olan ve protein içerisinde bulunan hidrofobik aminoasit kalıntılarını ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Oldukça toksik olan bu protein kümelerinin birçok hastalıkla ilişkisinin olduğu bilinmektedir. Endoplazmik retikulum stresi nörodejeneratif hastalıklar, metabolik hastalıklar, arteriosklerozis, diabetes mellitus ve obezitede ortaya çıkmaktadır. Endoplazmik retikulum stresi ayrıca kanserle de ilişkilendirilmiştir. Bu derlemede endoplazmik retikulum stresinin çeşitli hastalıklar ile ilişkisi irdelenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Endoplazmik retikulum stresi,Nörodejeneratif hastalıklar,Metabolik hastalıklar,kanser

Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Related Diseases

Öz

Endoplasmic reticulum is an organelle that performs various functions such as lipid and protein synthesis, protein folding, calcium homeostasis. In this organelle, an increase and accumulation in unfolded or misfolded proteins result in changes in homeostasis of the organelle. This disrupts functions of the organelle and causes endoplasmic reticulum stress. Unfolded proteins reveal hydrophobic amino acid residues in the protein that are prone to form protein clusters. It is known that these protein clusters, which are highly toxic, are related to many diseases. Endoplasmic reticulum stress is seen in neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic diseases, arteriosclerosis, diabetes mellitus and obesity. Endoplasmic reticulum stress is also associated with cancer. In this review, the relationship between endoplasmic reticulum stress and various diseases has been examined.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Endoplasmic reticulum stress,Neurodegenerative diseases,Metabolic diseases,Cancer

Kaynakça

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