Salivary Gland Cancers in Children and Adolescents

Öz

Aim: This report aimed to present up-to-date information about early symptoms, intraoral findings and treatment options for salivary gland tumours in children. Materials-Methods: The key words "salivary gland", "malignancy" and "children" were searched by using the search engines PUBMED AND GOOGLE SCHOLAR. The titles and summaries of the literatures were evaluated, the suitable ones were included and analysed. Results: In children, the most common benign salivary gland tumour is pleomorphic adenoma and the most common malignant tumour is mucoepidermoid carcinoma. In benign tumours, the symptom could be only swelling, while in malignant ones’ pain and paralysis can be involved. While the parotid gland tumours can cause the facial nerve paralysis, the submandibular and sublingual gland tumours can affect alveolar, lingual and hypoglossal nerves. Treatment of salivary gland neoplasms is the surgical treatment in children same as in adult patients. In addition to surgical removal, postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy may be required. Asymmetrical face growth, dental problems, trismus and osteoradionecrosis can be observed after radiation therapy, so radiation therapy option should be carefully evaluated especially in children and adolescents. The prognosis of salivary gland cancers in children and adolescents is quite good. The 5-year and 10-year survival rate differ from 80% to 100%. The recurrence rate is very low. Conclusions: Although the incidence of salivary gland tumours in children is considerably lower than in adults, it is important that malignant salivary gland tumours are more common in children.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• children
• malignant
• salivary gland

Çocuk ve Gençlerde Tükürük Bezi Kanserleri

Öz

Bu derlemeyle, çocuklarda tükürük bezi tümörlerine ait erken belirtiler, ağız içi bulgular ve tedavi seçenekleri ile ilgili güncel bilgilerin verilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Pubmed ve Google Scholar arama motorlarında “tükürük bezi”, “malignite” ve “çocuk” kelimeleri aratıldı. Literatürlerin başlık ve özetleri değerlendirildi, uygun olanlar seçilerek analiz edildi. Çocuklarda en sık görülen benign tükürük bezi tümörü pleomorfik adenom iken, en sık görülen malign tümör ise mukoepidermoid karsinomdur. Benign tümörlerde belirti sadece şişlik olabilirken, malign olanlarda şişlikle birlikte ağrı ve sinir paralizi de görülebilmektedir. Parotis bezi tümörlerinde fasiyal sinirde, submandibular ve sublingual bezlerin tümörlerinde alveolar, lingual ve hipoglossal sinirlerde paraliz olabilmektedir. Tükürük bezi neoplazmalarının tedavisi yetişkinlerde olduğu gibi çocuklarda da cerrahi tedavidir. Bunlara ek olarak postoperatif radyoterapi ve kemoterapi de gerekli olabilir. Hastalarda radyoterapi sonrası yüzde asimetrik büyüme, dental problemler, trismus ve osteoradyonekroz görülebilmektedir, bu nedenle özellikle çocuk ve genç hastalarda radyoterapi seçeneği dikkatlice değerlendirilmelidir. Çocuk ve gençlerde tükürük bezi kanserlerinin prognozu oldukça iyidir. 5 yıllık ve 10 yıllık hayatta kalma oranı farklı çalışmalarda %80 ile %100 olarak gösterilmiştir. Nüks olasılığı ise oldukça düşüktür. Tükürük bezi tümörlerinin çocuk hastalarda görülme sıklığı yetişkinlere oranla oldukça düşük olmasına rağmen, malignite oranının çocuk ve gençlerde yetişkinlere kıyasla daha yüksek görülmesi nedeniyle önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Tükürük bezi
• çocuk
• malign

Kaynakça

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