Clinical Correlations of ADHD Symptoms with Anxiety, Depression, and Self-Esteem in Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

Year 2024, Volume: 46 Issue: 5, 700 - 710, 12.09.2024

Murat Eyüboğlu , Büşra Durmuş , Ali Ercan Altınöz , Damla Eyüboğlu

https://doi.org/10.20515/otd.1461068

Abstract

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. This study explores the relationship between ADHD symptoms and the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and self-esteem issues among medical students. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 210 medical students. The Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) were employed. ADHD risk was assessed using the dichotomized scoring of the ASRS. Logistic regression models evaluating the impact of ADHD symptoms on anxiety, depression, and self-esteem. The study found that 24% of participants were at high risk for ADHD. There was no significant difference in academic success, smoking habits, or perceived socioeconomic status between high and low-ADHD-risk groups. However, high-risk ADHD participants showed significantly worse scores in anxiety, depression, and self-esteem. Gender differences in ADHD prevalence were not observed. A strong relationship was identified between ADHD symptoms and increased anxiety and depression. Notably, 47% of students scored above the threshold for depression and 41% for anxiety. Logistic regression analysis revealed that high ADHD risk increased the scores for anxiety and depression but had no significant effect on self-esteem. The high prevalence of ADHD symptoms among medical students is a significant concern, particularly given their association with increased anxiety and depression. Early identification and treatment of ADHD in youth could potentially mitigate the development of mood symptoms and prevent the decline in self-esteem

Keywords

medical students, ADHD, depression, anxiety, self-esteem

Tıp Öğrencilerinde DEHB Belirtilerinin Anksiyete, Depresyon ve Benlik Saygısı ile İlişkisi: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma

Abstract

Dikkat Eksikliği Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu (DEHB), dikkatsizlik, hiperaktivite ve dürtüsellik belirtileri ile karakterize nörogelişimsel bir bozukluktur. Bu çalışma, tıp öğrencileri arasında DEHB belirtileri ile anksiyete, depresyon ve benlik saygısı sorunları arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmaktadır. Çalışma 210 tıp öğrencisi ile kesitsel olarak yapılmıştır. Erişkin DEHB Öz-Bildirim Ölçeği (ASRS), Hastane Anksiyete ve Depresyon Ölçeği ve Rosenberg Benlik Saygısı Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. DEHB riski, ASRS'nin ikiye ayrılmış puanlaması kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Lojistik regresyon modelleri DEHB belirtilerinin anksiyete, depresyon ve benlik saygısı üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirmiştir. Çalışmada katılımcıların %24'ünün DEHB için yüksek risk altında olduğu bulunmuştur. Yüksek ve düşük DEHB riski olan gruplar arasında akademik başarı, sigara kullanım alışkanlıkları veya algılanan sosyoekonomik durum açısından anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır. Ancak, yüksek riskli DEHB katılımcılarında anksiyete, depresyon ve benlik saygısı puanları anlamlı derecede daha kötüydü. DEHB yaygınlığında cinsiyet farklılıkları gözlemlenmemiştir. Anksiyete ve depresyon ile DEHB belirtileri arasında güçlü bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Dikkat çekici olarak, öğrencilerin %47'si depresyon ve %41'i anksiyete için eşik değerinin üzerinde puan almıştır. Lojistik regresyon analizi, yüksek DEHB riskinin anksiyete ve depresyon puanlarını artırdığını ancak benlik saygısı üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisi olmadığını ortaya koymuştur. Tıp öğrencileri arasında DEHB belirtilerinin yüksek yaygınlığı, özellikle artan anksiyete ve depresyon ile olan ilişkisi göz önüne alındığında önemli bir endişe kaynağıdır. Gençlerde DEHB'nin erken tanı ve tedavisi, ruhsal semptomlarının gelişimini hafifletebilir ve benlik saygısındaki düşüşü engelleyebilir.

Keywords

DEHB, tıp öğrencileri, anksiyete, depresyon, benlik saygısı

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