Sternum, Sternoklavikular ve Sternokostal Eklemlerin Anatomi, Varyasyon ve Patolojilerinin Manyetik Rezonans Görüntüleme Bulguları

Öz

Amaç: Sternum, sternoklavikular ve sternokostal eklemlerin morfoloji ve morfometrisini değerlendirmek ve meme manyetik rezonans görüntülemede (MRG) anomali ve patolojileri saptamak amaçlandı. Materyal ve Metot: 3 Tesla ana mayetik alan gücündeki bir sistemle elde edilen, 320 kadına ait meme MRG tetkikleri retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Konjenital anormallikler ve eşlik eden patolojik durumlar araştırıldı. Toplam sternumun uzunluğu, manubrium-korpus genişliği ve uzunluğu ve manubrium-korpus-ksifoid şeklinin tümü ölçüldü. Manubriosternal füzyon ile yaş arasındaki ilişki istatistiksel olarak analiz edildi. Bulgular: Pektus ekskavatum, sternal bant, sternal foramen, açılı sternum (ve Poland sendromu), raşitik rozari, intraosseöz ganglion, sternoklavikular eklem dejenerasyonu, sternoklavikular eklem ganglion kisti ve kostal kıkırdak kalsifikasyonları, meme karsinomu metastazı, enkondrom ve malign mezenkimal tümör tarafından kostal kıkırdak invazyonu belirlendi. Morfometrik analiz, kadın erişkinlerde ortalama sternum uzunluğunun 144±14 mm, manubrium uzunluğunun 46±6 mm ve korpus uzunluğunun 89±10 mm olduğunu göstermiştir. Manubrium en yaygın olarak yamuk şeklinde, korpus uzunlamasına oval ve ksifoid düzdü. Olguların çoğunda (%67) manubriosternal füzyon yoktu. Manubriosternal füzyon derecesi, artan yaş ile istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir korelasyon göstermedi. Sonuç: Birçok doğumsal anomali ve patolojik süreç sternum, sternoklavikular ve sternokostal eklemleri etkileyebilir. Manubriosternal füzyon artan yaşla ilişkili değildir ve yaş tespiti için kullanılması uygun olmayabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Manyetik rezonans görüntüleme
• patoloji
• sternokostal eklem
• sternum

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings of Anatomy, Variation and Pathologies of Sternum, Sternoclavicular and Sternocostal Joints

Abstract

Objective: The study aimed to assess the sternum's morphology and morphometry, and to find anomalies and diseases using breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Materials and Methods: Retrospective evaluations of 320 breast MRIs were conducted. Congenital abnormalities accompanying pathological conditions were investigated. The sternum overall’s length, the manubrium-corpus’ width and length, and the manubrium-corpus-xiphoid’s shape were all measured. The relationship between the manubriosternal fusion and age was analyzed. Results: Pectus excavatum, sternal band, sternal foramen, angled sternum and the sternal band, rachitic rosary, intraosseous ganglion, sternoclavicular joint degeneration, sternoclavicular joint ganglion cyst and costal cartilage calcifications, breast carcinoma metastasis, enchondroma and invasion of costal cartilages by malignant mesenchymal tumour were determined. The average length of the sternum was 144±14 mm, the manubrium length is 46±6 mm and the corpus length is 89±10 mm for adults. Manubrium was most commonly trapezoid in shape, the corpus was longitudinal oval and xiphoid was flat. 67% had no manubriosternal fusion. The degree of manubriosternal fusion did not show statistically significant correlation with increasing age. Conclusion: The sternum, sternoclavicular, and sternocostal joints are susceptible to a wide range of congenital abnormalities and clinical conditions. Age increase has no relation to manubriosternal fusion.

Keywords

• Magnetic resonance imaging
• pathology
• sternocostal joints
• sternum

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