Core Strength, Balance and Scapular Dyskinesia in Upper Extremity Sports: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to assess the effect of scapular dyskinesia on core strength and upper extremity dynamic balance. Materials and Methods: The study included 49 volunteer participants who were active volleyball or basketball players at XX University Faculty of Sport Sciences. The presence of dyskinesia in the study was assessed with the Lateral Scapular Slide Test; core strength was assessed with the Modified Side Plank Test and the Biering-Sorenson Test; and, upper extremity balance was evaluated with the Upper Quarter Y-Balance Test (YBT-UQ). Independent groups t-test and Mann Whitney U test were used to compare independent group differences. Results: While 17 (34.7%) athletes had scapular dyskinesia, 32 (65.3%) did not have scapular dyskinesia. In athletes without dyskinesia, Modified Side Plank Test scores and dominant YBT-UQ total scores, and non-dominant YBT-UQ total scores were statistically higher than those with scapular dyskinesia (p<0.05). No significant difference is detected between groups according to Biering-Sorenson Test (p>0.05). Conclusion: Based on the present results, it is recommended to include exercises for developing balance and core muscles to provide scapular stabilization in the training of the upper extremity sports.

Keywords

• Balance
• Core strength
• Scapular dyskinesia
• Upper extremity

Üst Ekstremite Sporlarında Kor Kuvvet, Denge ve Skapular Diskinezi: Gözlemsel bir Araştırma

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma, skapular diskinezinin kor kuvveti ve üst ekstremite dinamik dengesi üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirmeyi amaçladı. Materyal ve Metot: Çalışmaya XX Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi'nde aktif olarak voleybol veya basketbol oynayan 49 gönüllü dahil edildi. Çalışmada diskinezi varlığı Lateral Scapular Slide Test ile; kor kuvveti, Modifiye Yan Plank Testi ve Biering-Sorenson Testi ile; üst ekstremite dengesi ise üst ekstremite Y-Denge Testi (YBT-UQ) ile değerlendirildi. Bağımsız grup farklılıklarının karşılaştırılmasında bağımsız gruplar t testi ve Mann Whitney U testi kullanıldı. Bulgular: 17 (%34,7) sporcuda skapular diskinezi bulunurken, 32 (%65,3) sporcuda skapular diskinezi yoktu. Diskinezisi olmayan sporcularda, Modifiye Yan Plank Testi puanları ve dominant YBT-UQ total skorları ve non-dominant YBT-UQ total skorları, skapular diskinezisi olanlardan istatistiksel olarak daha yüksekti (p<0,05). Biering-Sorenson Testine göre gruplar arasında anlamlı bir fark saptanmadı (p>0.05). Sonuç: Mevcut sonuçlara dayanarak, üst ekstremite sporlarının eğitimine skapular stabilizasyonu sağlamak için denge ve core kasları geliştirmeye yönelik egzersizlerin dahil edilmesi önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kor kuvveti
• denge
• omuz disfonksiyonu

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