Kronik Hastalığı Olan Bireylere Bakım Verenlerin Akılcı İlaç Kullanımı ve Sağlık Algısı Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi: Bir Hastane Örneği

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma, kronik hastalığı olan bireylere bakım verenlerin akılcı ilaç kullanımı ve sağlık algı düzeylerinin incelenmesi amacıyla yapıldı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipte olan çalışma, Aralık 2022-Şubat 2023 tarihleri arasında Şırnak şehir merkezindeki bir devlet hastanesinde gerçekleştirildi. Araştırmanın örneklemini, 242 bakımverici oluşturdu. Araştırma verileri sosyo-demografik özellikler formu, Akılcı İlaç Kullanımı Ölçeği ve Sağlık Algısı Ölçeği kullanılarak toplandı. İstatistiksel analizde tanımlayıcı analizin yanı sıra bağımsız t-testi, ANOVA, korelasyon ve regresyon analizi kullanıldı. Bulgular: Bakım verenlerin yaş ortalaması 39,25±12,45, bakım gerektiren hastaların yaş ortalaması 64,73±12,50 yıl, hasta bakım süresi ise 3,39±2,03 yıldır. Akılcı İlaç Kullanımı Ölçeği puan ortalaması 37,29±5,62, Sağlık Algısı Ölçeği puan ortalaması 40,14±7,93 olup, Akılcı İlaç Kullanımı ile Sağlık Algısı puan ortalamaları arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir korelasyon vardı (p<0,001). Bakım vericilerin sosyo-demografik özellikleri akılcı ilaç kullanımını ve sağlık algısını önemli ölçüde etkilemektedir (p<0,05). Sonuç: Bakım verenlerin akılcı ilaç kullanımı ve sağlık algısının orta düzeyde olduğu belirlendi. Sonuç olarak bakım vericiler sağlık hizmetlerinin vazgeçilmez bir bileşenidir ve sağlık eğitimi verilmelidir.

Keywords

• Akılcı ilaç kullanımı
• bakım vericiler
• hemşirelik
• kronik hastalıklar
• sağlık algısı

Investigation of Rational Drug Use and Health Perception Levels of Caregivers for Individuals with Chronic Diseases: A Hospital Example

Abstract

Objective: This research aimed to determine the investigation of rational drug use and the health perception level of caregivers for individuals with chronic diseases. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted at the public hospital in Şırnak city centre between December 2022 and February 2023. The sample of the study consisted of 242 caregivers. The research data were gathered from the socio-demographic characteristics form, the rational drug use scale, and the health perception scale. In addition to descriptive analysis, independent t-test, ANOVA, correlation, and regression analysis were used in statistical analysis. Results: The average age of caregivers is 39.25±12.45, the average age of patients requiring care is 64.73±12.50, and the patient care duration is 3.39±2.03 years. Rational Drug Use Scale mean score was 37.29±5.62, Health Perception Scale mean score was 40.14±7.93, and there was a positive significant correlation between the Rational Drug Use and Health Perception mean scores (p<0.01). Their socio-demographic characteristics significantly affect caregivers' rational drug use and health perception (p<0.05). Conclusions: It was determined that caregivers had a moderate level of rational drug use and health perception. As a result, caregivers are an essential component of healthcare services, and health education should be provided.

Keywords

• Chronic diseases
• caregivers
• health perception
• nursing
• rational drug use

References

1. World Health Organization. Noncommunicable diseases 2023. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/noncommunicable-diseases. Accessed January 15, 2023.
2. Holman HR. The Relation of the Chronic Disease Epidemic to the Health Care Crisis. ACR Open Rheumatol. 2020;2(3):167-173. doi:10.1002/acr2.11114
3. Criel B, Vanlerberghe V, De Koker B, Decraene B, Engels E, Waltens R. Informal home care for elderly in Belgium: A Study on the Features and Challenges of Informal Care at Local Level. Community Ment Health J. 2014;50(7):848-853. doi:10.1007/s10597-014-9696-9
4. Akyar I, Dionne-Odom JN, Ozcan M, Bakitas MA. Needs Assessment for Turkish Family Caregivers of Older Persons with Cancer: First-Phase Results of Adapting an Early Palliative Care Model. J Palliat Med. 2019;22(9):1065-1074. doi:10.1089/jpm.2018.0643
5. Altuntaş O, Aki E, Huri M. A qualitative study on the effect of drug use in chronic diseases on the quality of life and social participation. Ergoter ve Rehabil Derg. 2015;3(2):79-86.
6. Religioni U, Pakulska T. Rational drug use in hospital settings–areas that can be changed. J Med Econ. 2020;23(10):1205-1208. doi:10.1080/13696998.2020.1801455
7. Cihangiroğlu N, Uğrak U, Uzuntarla Yasin, Teke A. Inpatients' attitudes towards the rationale use of drugs at a cardiology ward. TSK Koruyucu Hekim Bülteni. 2015;14(2):137-144.
8. Mendes PN, Do Livramento Fortes Figueiredo M, Dos Santos AMR, Fernandes MA, Fonseca RSB. Physical, emotional and social burden of elderly patients’ informal caregivers. ACTA Paul Enferm. 2019;32(1):87-94. doi:10.1590/1982-0194201900012

9. Liu Z, Heffernan C, Tan J. Caregiver burden: A concept analysis. Int J Nurs Sci. 2020;7(4):438-445. doi:10.1016/j.ijnss.2020.07.012
10. Saimaldaher ZH, Wazqar DY. Relationships between caregiving stress, mental health and physical health in family caregivers of adult patients with cancer: implications for nursing practice. Scand J Caring Sci. 2020;34(4):889-898. doi:10.1111/scs.12795
11. Belita E, Yost J, Squires JE, Ganann R, Dobbins M. Development and content validation of a measure to assess evidence-informed decision-making competence in public health nursing. PLoS One. 2021;16(3):1-16. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0248330
12. Demirtaş Z, Dağtekin G, Sağlan R, Alaiye M, Önsüz MF, Işıklı B, Kılıç FS, Metintaş S.. Validity and reliability of rational drug use scale. ESTUDAM Public Health Journal. 2018;3(3):37-46.
13. Diamond JJ, Becker JA, Arenson CA, Chambers C V., Rosenthal MP. Development of a scale to measure adults’ perceptions of health: Preliminary findings. J Community Psychol. 2007;35(5):557-561. doi:10.1002/jcop.20164
14. Kadioǧlu H, Yildiz A. Validity and reliability of Turkish version of perception of health scale. Turkiye Klin J Med Sci. 2012;32(1):47-53. doi:10.5336/medsci.2010-21761
15. Lee K, Martin P, Poon LW. Predictors of caregiving burden: impact of subjective health, negative affect, and loneliness of octogenarians and centenarians. Aging Ment Heal. 2017;21(11):1214-1221. doi:10.1080/13607863.2016.1206512
16. Şengül BN, Akyil S. Investigation of rational drug use and health perception in different generations. Hemşirelik Bilimi Dergisi. 2022;5(3),169-178. doi:10.54189/hbd.1203565
17. Graham K, Sinyangwe C, Nicholas S, et al. Rational use of antibiotics by community health workers and caregivers for children with suspected pneumonia in Zambia : a cross-sectional mixed methods study. BMC Public Health. 2016;16(1):897:1-12. doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3541-8
18. Demirtaş Z, Dağtekin G, Sağlan R, Alaiye M, Önsüz MF, Işıklı B, Kılıç FS, Metintaş S.. Validity and reliability of rational drug use scale. ESTUDAM Public Health Journal. 2018;3(3):37-46.
19. Işık A. Analysis of health literacy and rational drug use in adults. Istanbul Okan University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing. Master Thesis. Istanbul, Türkiye 2021.
20. Kuloğlu Ç, Ekici E. Investigation of rational drug usage attitudes of parents. Türkiye Çocuk Hast Derg. 2022;16:107-116.
21. Zheng F, Ding S, Luo A, Zhong Z, Duan Y, Shen Z. Medication literacy status of outpatients in ambulatory care settings in Changsha, China. J Int Med Res. 2017;45(1):303-309. doi:10.1177/0300060516676726
22. Sema FD, Asres ED, Wubeshet BD. Evaluation of rational use of medicine using WHO / INRUD core drug use indicators at Teda and Azezo Health Centers, Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia. Integr Pharm Res Pract. 2021;10:51-63. doi:10.2147/IPRP.S316399.
23. da Rocha CG, Perrenoud B, Ramelet AS. Perceptions of burden and preparedness for caregiving among the family caregivers of hospitalised older adults: A cross-sectional study. Geriatr. 2022;7(1):19-35. doi:10.3390/geriatrics7010019
24. Recep OR, Kartal A. Influence of caregiver burden on well-being of family member caregivers of older adults. Psychogeriatrics. 2019;19(5):482-490. doi:10.1111/psyg.12421
25. Hossain B, James KS. Association between poor self-reported health and unmarried status among adults: examining the hypothesis of marriage protection and marriage selection in the Indian context. BMC Public Health. 2022;22(1):1-10. doi:10.1186/s12889-022-14170-0
26. Hu LC. Marital Status and Self-Rated Health in China: A Longitudinal Analysis. Springer Netherlands. 2021;40(3):499-531. doi:10.1007/s11113-020-09593-9
27. Brandão D, Ribeiro O, Oliveira M, Paúl C. Caring for a centenarian parent: an exploratory study on role strains and psychological distress. Scand J Caring Sci. 2017;31(4):984-994. doi:10.1111/scs.12423
28. Ribeiro O, Brandão D, Oliveira AF, Teixeira L, Paúl C. Positive aspects of care in informal caregivers of community-dwelling dementia patients. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2020;27(4):330-341. doi:10.1111/jpm.12582
29. Litzelman K, Kent EE, Mollica M, Rowland JH. How Does Caregiver Well-Being Relate to Perceived Quality of Care in Patients With Cancer ? Exploring Associations and Pathways. Clin Oncol. 2016;34(29):3554-3561 doi:10.1200/JCO.2016.67.3434
30. Kirilmaz H, Doğanyiğit PB. The relationship between self-medication use and health belief model. SDÜ Sağlık Bilim Derg. 2021; 12(2):200-209. doi:10.22312/sdusbed.897506