Associations between Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener and Healthy Eating Index-2015 with Obesity in Adults: A Cross-sectional Study

Abstract

Objective: Evaluating the agreement between the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 with the Mediterranean Diet Assessment Screener (MEDAS) and the associations with obesity were aimed. Materials and Methods: Four-hundred-and-four adults (134 men, 270 women) aged 19-65 participated in this study. HEI-2015 components were calculated from 24-hour dietary recall data. Mediterranean diet adherence was assessed using the MEDAS tool. Body mass index (BMI), waist-to-height, waist-to-hip ratio, body shape index (ABSI), and body roundness index (BRI) were calculated. Pearson correlation coefficients between diet quality and obesity were given. Cohen Kappa test was applied to show agreement between HEI-2015 and MEDAS. Results: Mean BMI, HEI-2015, and MEDAS scores were 25.35±5.21 kg/m2, 49.34±12.96, and 7.45±2.17, respectively. MEDAS were negatively related to BMI (r=-0.120, p<0.05), waist-to-height ratio (r=-0.137, p<0.01), and BRI (p=-0.130, p<0.05) after adjusting for age, gender, education level, marital status, and smoking status. There was no association between HEI-2015 scores and obesity indices (p>0.05). Cohen Kappa test showed a slight agreement between the binarized MEDAS score and HEI-2015 scores (κ=0.126, p<0.05). Conclusions: A slight agreement was found between HEI-2015 and MEDAS. Only MEDAS was related to obesity in this study. Future research should aim to replicate these findings in well-controlled studies.

Keywords

• Diet quality
• healthy eating index 2015
• Mediterranean diet
• obesity

Yetişkinlerde Akdeniz Diyeti Bağlılık Ölçeği ve Sağlıklı Yeme İndeksi-2015’in Obezite ile İlişkisi: Kesitsel Çalışma

Öz

Amaç: Çalışmada Sağlıklı Yeme İndeksi (HEI)-2015 ile Akdeniz Diyeti Bağlılık Ölçeği (MEDAS) arasındaki uyum ve obezite ile ilişkilerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Materyal ve Metot: Bu çalışmaya 19-65 yaş arası 404 yetişkin (134 erkek, 270 kadın) katılmıştır. HEI-2015 bileşenleri 24-saatlik geriye-dönük besin tüketim kaydı verilerinden hesaplanmıştır. Akdeniz diyetine bağlılık MEDAS aracı kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Beden kütle indeksi (BKİ), bel-boy, bel-kalça oranı, vücut şekli indeksi (VŞİ) ve vücut yuvarlaklık indeksi (VYİ) hesaplanmıştır. Diyet kalitesi ile obezite arasındaki ilişkiler Pearson korelasyon katsayıları sunularak verilmiştir. HEI-2015 ve MEDAS arasındaki uyumu göstermek için Cohen Kappa testi uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Ortalama BKİ, HEI-2015 ve MEDAS skorları sırasıyla 25.35±5.21 kg/m2, 49.34±12.96 ve 7.45±2.17 idi. MEDAS, yaş, cinsiyet, eğitim düzeyi, medeni durum ve sigara içme durumuna gore düzenlendikten sonra BKİ (r=-0.120, p<0.05), bel-boy oranı (r=-0.137, p<0.01) ve VYİ (p=-0.130, p<0.05) ile negatif ilişkiliydi. HEI-2015 skorları ile obezite indeksleri arasında bir ilişki bulunmamıştır (p>0.05). Cohen Kappa testi, MEDAS skoru ile HEI-2015 skorları arasında hafif bir uyum olduğunu göstermiştir (κ=0.126, p<0.05). Sonuç: Bu çalışmada HEI-2015 ve MEDAS arasında hafif bir uyum gösterilmiştir. Yalnızca MEDAS’ın obezite ile ilişkili olduğu bulunmuştur. Bu bulguların kontrollü çalışmalarla desteklenmesi gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Akdeniz diyeti
• diyet kalitesi
• sağlıklı yeme indeksi-2015
• obezite

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