Kronik Bel Ağrılı Bireylerde Yaşam Kalitesiyle İlişkili Biyopsikososyal ve Fonksiyonel Faktörler

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, kronik bel ağrılı (KBA) bireylerde sağlıkla ilişkili yaşam kalitesinin fiziksel ve mental bileşenleriyle ilişkili biyopsikososyal ve fonksiyonel faktörleri belirlemekti. Materyal ve Metot: Bu kesitsel çalışmaya KBA’lı 120 yetişkin dahil edildi. SİYK, 12 maddelik kısa form sağlık anketi ile değerlendirildi. Ağrı şiddeti, özürlülük, kinezyofobi, korku-kaçınma inanışları, anksiyete, depresif belirtiler, fiziksel aktivite, denge ve fonksiyonel mobilite standart ölçekler ve klinik testler kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiler Pearson korelasyon analizi ve hiyerarşik çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi ile incelendi. Bulgular: Fiziksel Bileşen Özeti puanı; kinezyofobi, anksiyete ve fiziksel aktiviteye yönelik korku-kaçınma inanışlarıyla orta düzeyde negatif ilişkiliydi (p<0,05). Mental Bileşen Özeti puanı; ağrı, özürlülük, psikolojik belirtiler, korku-kaçınma inanışları ve fonksiyonel mobiliteyle zayıf düzeyde negatif, fiziksel aktivite ve dengeyle ise zayıf düzeyde pozitif ilişkiliydi (p<0,05). Demografik değişkenler kontrol edildikten sonra klinik değişkenler, fiziksel SİYK varyansının ek %36,1’ini (ΔR²=0,361) ve mental SİYK varyansının ek %19,4’ünü (ΔR²=0,194) açıkladı. Anksiyete, daha düşük fiziksel SİYK’nin (β=−0,25; p=0,010) ve mental SİYK’nin (β=−0,27; p=0,017) bağımsız prediktörü iken yaş, daha yüksek mental SİYK’nin zayıf bir prediktörüydü (β=0,19; p=0,045). Sonuç: Anksiyete, KBA’lı bireylerde fiziksel ve mental SİYK’nin en tutarlı bağımsız prediktörüydü. Bu bulgu, KBA değerlendirmesinde ağrı ve özürlülüğün yanı sıra psikolojik durumun da dikkate alınması gerektiğini göstermektedir.

Keywords

• Anksiyete
• bel ağrısı
• kinezyofobi
• yaşam kalitesi

Ethical Statement

Onay, Kırşehir Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Bilimsel Araştırma Etik Komitesi tarafından verildi (Tarih: 21.04.2026, karar no. 2026-08/123). Tüm prosedürler Helsinki Bildirgesi'ne uygun olarak gerçekleştirildi. Her katılımcı katılmadan önce yazılı bilgilendirilmiş onay verdi.

Biopsychosocial and Functional Factors Associated with Quality of Life in Individuals with Chronic Low Back Pain

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to identify the biopsychosocial and functional factors associated with the physical and mental components of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in individuals with chronic low back pain (CLBP). Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 120 adults with CLBP. HRQoL was assessed using the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey. Pain intensity, disability, kinesiophobia, fear-avoidance beliefs, anxiety, depressive symptoms, physical activity, balance, and functional mobility were evaluated using standardized questionnaires and clinical tests. Relationships among the variables were examined using Pearson correlation analysis and hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis. Results: The Physical Component Summary score was moderately and negatively associated with kinesiophobia, anxiety, and physical activity-related fear-avoidance beliefs (p<0.05). The Mental Component Summary score showed weak negative associations with pain, disability, psychological symptoms, fear-avoidance beliefs, and functional mobility, and weak positive associations with physical activity and balance (p<0.05). After adjustment for demographic variables, clinical variables explained an additional 36.1% of the variance in physical HRQoL (ΔR²=0.361) and 19.4% of the variance in mental HRQoL (ΔR²=0.194). Anxiety independently predicted lower physical HRQoL (β=−0.25, p=0.010) and mental HRQoL (β=−0.27, p=0.017), while age weakly predicted higher mental HRQoL (β=0.19, p=0.045). Conclusion: Anxiety was the most consistent independent predictor of both physical and mental HRQoL in individuals with CLBP. This finding indicates that psychological status should be considered alongside pain and disability in the assessment of individuals with CLBP.

Keywords

• Anxiety
• kinesiophobia
• low back pain
• quality of life

Ethical Statement

Approval was granted by the Kırşehir Ahi Evran University Health Sciences Scientific Research Ethics Committee (Date: 21.04.2026, decision no. 2026-08/123). All procedures followed the Declaration of Helsinki. Each participant provided written informed consent before taking part.

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