Determination of Healthy Life Behaviors and Affecting Factors in Pregnant Women

Year 2020, , 482 - 492, 30.09.2020

Handan Özcan , Tuğçe Polat , Arif Öztürk , Mücahid Yılmaz , Tolga Aydoğan

https://doi.org/10.26453/otjhs.669573

Cited By: 3

Abstract

Objective: The research was carried out to determine healthy lifestyle behaviors and the influencing factors in pregnant women.
Materials and Methods: The universe of the research, which is descriptive and cross-sectional, was made up of pregnant women who applied to obstetrics clinics between 30.02.2018-15.06.2018. A total of 207 healthy pregnant women who met the inclusion criteria of the study in the sample were considered. Personal information form and Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Scale were used as data collection tools.
Results: The average age of pregnant women is 27.68±4.18. The highest score that pregnant women got from the health behavior scale; spiritual development (26.84±4.88), interpersonal relationships (25.18±4.82) and health responsibility (24.49±4.40), and the lowest score belongs to physical activity (14.99±4.71). Women who are housewives, exercise regularly, rest during the day, do not change their sex life, have a planned pregnancy, have a normal birth weight of their baby, have a final vaginal delivery, and have higher health behavior scores.
Conclusions: Healthy lifestyle behaviors are inevitable for maternal and fetal well-being during pregnancy. It is important to create guides and awareness about healthy living behaviors for pregnant women. Support is provided to evaluate and change the negative health behaviors detected with the pregnant.

Keywords

Pregnant, health behavior, lifestyle

Gebelerde Sağlıklı Yaşam Davranışlarının ve Etkileyen Faktörlerin Belirlenmesi

Abstract

Amaç: Araştırma, gebelerde sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarını ve etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı.
Materyal ve Metot: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel türde olan araştırmanın evrenini bir kamu hastanesinde, doğum polikliniklerine 30.02.2018-15.06.2018 tarihleri arasında başvuru yapan gebeler oluşturdu. Çalışmanın örneklemde çalışmaya dahil edilme kriterlerini sağlayan toplam 207 sağlıklı gebe ele alındı. Veri toplama aracı olarak kişisel bilgi formu ve Sağlıklı Yaşam Biçimi Davranışları Ölçeği kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Gebelerin yaş ortalaması 27,68±4,18 (min:18, max:41)’dir. Gebelerin sağlık davranışları ölçeğinden almış oldukları en yüksek puan; manevi gelişim (26,84±4,88), kişilerarası ilişkiler (25,18±4,82) ve sağlık sorumluluğu (24,49±4,40) olup, en düşük puan ise fiziksel aktiviteye (14,99±4,71) aittir. Ev hanımı olan, düzenli egzersiz yapan, gündüzleri dinlenen, cinsel yaşamı değişmeyen, gebeliği planlı olan, bebeğinin doğum ağırlığı normal sınırlarında olan, son doğumunu vajinal yolla yapan kadınların sağlık davranışları puan ortalamaları daha yüksektir.
Sonuç: Gebelikte maternal ve fetal iyilik durumu için sağlıklı yaşam davranışları kaçınılmazdır. Multidisipliner bir ekiple gebeler için sağlıklı yaşam davranışlarına yönelik rehberlerin oluşturulması, farkındalıkların sağlanması önemlidir. Tespit edilen olumsuz sağlık davranışlarının gebe ile birlikte değerlendirilmesi ve değiştirilmesi yönünde destek sağlanması önerilmektedir.

Keywords

gebe, sağlık davranışı, yaşam biçimi

References

• Er S. Gebelikte sağlık uygulamaları ölçeği Türkçe formunun geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ege Üniversitesi, İzmir, 2006.
• Davis AM, Wambach KA, Nelson EL, et al. Health behavior change in pregnant women: A two-phase study. Telemedicine and e-Health. 2014;20(12):1-5.
• Hyde NK, Brennan-Olsen SL, Bennett K, Moloney DJ, Pasco JA. Maternal nutrition during pregnancy: Intake of nutrients ımportant for bone health. Matern Child Health. J 2017;21(4):845-851.
• Haider BA, Olofin I, Wang M, et al. Anaemia, prenatal iron use, and risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis. Br Med J. 2013;21:3433.
• Meltzer HM, Branstaeter AL, Nilsen RM, Magnus P, Alexander J, Haugen M. Effect of dietary factors in pregnancy on risk of pregnancy complications: results from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011;94:1970-1974.
• Wilkinson SA, Walker A, Tolcher D. Re-evaluation of women’s nutritional needs, knowledge and behaviours in a tertiary maternity service: are we meeting women’s needs yet? Nutr Diet. 2013;70:181-187.
• Morris SN, Johnson NR. Exercise during pregnancy: acritical appraisal of the literature. J Reprod Med. 2005;50:181-188.
• Davies GA, Wolfe LA, Mottola MF, MacKinnon C. Joint SOGC/CSEP clinical practice guideline: exercise in pregnancy and the postpartum period. Can J Appl Physiol. 2003;28:330-341.
• Artal R, O’Toole M, White S. Guidelines of the ACOG for exercise during pregnancy and the Postpartum period. Br J Sports Med. 2003;37:6-12.
• Amezcua-Prieto C, Olmedo-Requena R, Jimenez-Mejias E, et al. Changes in leisure time physical activity during pregnancy compared to the prior year. Matern Child Health J. 2013;17:632-638.
• Barakat R, Perales M. Resistance Exercise in Pregnancy and Outcome. Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2016;59(3):591-599.
• Cheng ST, Loy SL, Cheung TB, et al. Demographic characteristics, health behaviors before and during pregnancy, and pregnancy and birth outcomes in mothers with different pregnancy planning status. Department Prev Sci. 2016;17(8):960-969.
• Prochaska JJ, Spring B, Nigg CR. Multiple health behavior change research: An introduction and overview. Prev Med. 2008;46:181-188.
• Onat G, Aba YA. Health-promoting lifestyles and related factors among pregnant women. Turk J Public Health. 2014;12(2):69-79.
• Bahar Z, Beşer A, Gördes N, Ersin F, Kıssal A. Sağlıklı Yaşam Biçimi Davranışları-2'nin geçerlik ve güvenilirlik çalışması. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Dergisi. 2008;12(1):1-13.
• Carson C, Redshaw M, Sacker A, Kelly Y, Kurinczuk JJ, Quigley MA. Effects of pregnancy planning, fertility, and assisted reproductive treatment on child behavioral problems at 5 and 7 years: evidence from the Millennium Cohort Study. Fertil Steril. 2013;99:456-463.
• Stern J, Salih Joelsson L, Tyden T, et al. Is pregnancy planning associated with background characteristics and pregnancy-planning behavior? Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2016;95:182-189.
• Auerbach MV, Lobel M, Cannella DT. Psychosocial correlates of health-promoting and health-impairing behaviors in pregnancyJ Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol. 2014;35(3):76-83.
• Cannella D, Auerbach M, Lobel M. Predicting birth outcomes: together, mother and health care provider know best. J Psychosom Res. 2013;75:299-304.
• Haslam C, Lawrence W. Health-related behavior and beliefs of pregnant smokers. Health Psychol. 2004;2:486-491.
• Weisman CS, Hillemeier MM, Chase GA, et al. Women’s perceived control of their birth outcomes in the central Pennsylvania women’s health study: Implications for the use of preconception care. Womens Health Issues. 2008;18:17-25.
• Barakat R, Perales M, Bacchi M, Coteron J, Refoyo I. A program of exercise throughout pregnancy. Is it safe to mother and newborn? Am J Health Promot. 2014;29:2-8.
• de Barros MC, Lopes MA, Francisco RP, Sapienza AD, Zugaib M. Resistance exercise and glycemic control in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010;203(6):551-556.
• Perales M, Refoyo I, Coteron J, Bacchi M, Barakat R. Exercise during pregnancy attenuates prenatal depression: A randomized controlled trial. Eval Health Prof. 2015;38:59-72.
• Katz VL. Work and work related stress in pregnancy. Clınıcal Obstetrıcs And Gynecology. 2012;55(3):165-173.
• Jallo N, Salyer J, Ruiz RJ, French E. Perceptions of guided ımagery for stress management in pregnant African American women. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2015;29(4):249-254.
• Gałązka I, Drosdzol-Cop AB, Naworska B, Czajkowska M, Skrzypulec-Plinta V. Does anxiety modify sexuality of pregnant women? Ginekol Pol. 2017;88(12):662-669.
• Staruch M, Kucharczyk A, Zawadzka K, Wielgos M, Szymusik I. Sexual activity during pregnancy. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2016;37(1):53-58.
• Rasmussen HN, Scheier MF, Greenhouse JB. Optimism and physical health: a meta-analytic review. Ann Behav Med. 2009;37:239-256.