Akdeniz Diyetine Uyum ve Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Bazı Antropometrik Özellikleri

Öz

Amaç: Üniversite öğrencilerinde Akdeniz Diyetine Uyum (ADU) ve AD bileşenleri ile bazı antropometrik özellikleri değerlendirmektir. Materyal ve Metot: 510 üniversite öğrencisi ile aralık ayında yürütülen kesitsel tipte bir çalışmadır. ADU, KIDMED (Akdeniz Diyeti Kalite İndeksi) ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Öğrencilerin yaş medyanı 21(2) yıldır ve çoğunluğu (%60,2) kız öğrenciler oluşturmaktadır. ‘KIDMED’ puan ortalaması tüm grupta 4,0 ± 2,6 idi. ADU, öğrencilerin % 37,3’ünde zayıf, % 53,3’ünde orta, % 9,4’ünde yüksektir. KIDMED grubu ile yaşanılan yer, cinsiyet, yaş grubu ve bel çevresi arasında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmamaktadır. BKİ ile KIDMED grubu arasında ise önemli bir farklılık saptanmıştır. Obez ve kilolu bireylerde günde 2 kez den fazla meyve tüketiminin normal vücut ağırlığındaki öğrencilerden daha fazla olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca obez ve kilolu öğrencilerin kahvaltıda tahıl ürünlerini normal vücut ağırlığına sahip bireylerden daha az tükettiği saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, ADU ile BKİ grubu arasında ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca KIDMED bileşenlerinin BKİ ve cinsiyete göre farklılık gösterdiği saptanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• KIDMED
• BKI
• Üniversite öğrencileri

Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Some Anthropometric Measurements of University Students

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this research was to determine adherence in Mediterranean diet (AMD) and its components and some anthropometric measurements of university students. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 510 university students in December, 2019. AMD was evaluated by the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED) questionnaire. Results: The median age of the students was 21(2) years and the majority of them (60.2 %) were women. The mean score on the ‘KIDMED’ was 4.0±2.6 among the whole group. The AMD was poor in 37.3 %, medium in 53.3 % and high in 9.4 % of the students. There was no statistically significant differences according to KIDMED groups between gender, age groups, place of residence, waist circumference (WC), waist/hip ratio (WHR) (p>0.05). Between BMI and KIDMED groups a significant difference was found (p<0.05). Overweight and Obese (OWB) students consumed fruit twice a day more frequently than normal weight (NW) students (p <0.05). OWB consumed less cereals or grains (bread, etc.) for breakfast than NW (p<0.05). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, AMD were found to be related with BMI value. In addition, KIDMED items differ according to gender and BMI values.

Keywords

• KIDMED
• BMI
• University students

References

1. Chacón-Cuberos R, Castro-Sánchez M, Muros JJ. Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet Is Associated with Physical Activity, Self-Concept and Sociodemographic Factors in University Student. Nutrients. 2018;10(8):966.
2. Arnett JJ. Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood; Pearson: Boston, MA, USA. 2014;102–111.
3. Cervera F, Serrano R, Vico C, Milla M, García MJ. Food habits and nutritional assessment in a university population. Nutr. Hosp. 2013;28:438–446.
4. Navarro-Gonza´ lez I, Lo´ pez-Nicola´s R, Rodrı´guez-Tadeo A, et al. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet by nursing students of Murcia (Spain). Nutricion Hospitalaria. 2014;30:165–172.
5. Chacón-Cuberos R, Zurita-Ortega F, Castro-Sánchez M, Espejo-Garcés T, Martínez-Martínez A, Lucena-Zurita M. Descriptive analysis of the consumption of harmful substances, adherence to the Mediterranean diet and type of residence in university students of Granada. Rev. Commun. Educ. 2017;28:823–837.
6. Vivante A, Golan E, Tzur D et al. Body mass index in 1.2 million adolescents and risk for end-stage renal disease. Arch Intern Med. 2012;172:1644–1650.
7. Chen Y, Copeland WK, Vedanthan R et al. Association between body mass index and cardiovascular disease mortality in East Asians and South Asians: pooled analysis of prospective data from the Asia Cohort Consortium. BMJ. 2013;347:5446.
8. Schröder H, Mendez MA, Ribas-Barba L et al. Mediterranean diet and waist circumference in a representative national sample of young Spaniards. Int J Pediatr Obes. 2010;5:516–519.

9. Papadaki S & Mavrikaki E. Greek adolescents and the Mediterranean diet: factors affecting quality and adherence. Nutrition. 2015;31:345–349.
10. Sahingoz SA & Sanlier N. Compliance with Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED) and nutrition knowledge levels in adolescents. A case study from Turkey. Appetite. 2011;57:272–277.
11. Lazarou C, Panagiotakos DB & Matalas AL. Level of adherence to the Mediterranean diet among children from Cyprus: the CYKIDS study. Public Health Nutr. 2009;12:991–1000.
12. World Health Organization Global Database on Body Mass Index. https://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/disease-prevention/nutrition/a-healthy-lifestyle/body-mass-index-bmi. Erişim tarihi 10 Şubat 2020
13. Report of a WHO Expert Consultation. Waist Circumference and Waist-Hip Ratio.Geneva, 2008. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241501491. Erişim tarihi: 05 Mart 2020
14. Xu Z, Qi X, Dahl A, et al. Waist to height ratio is the best indicator for undiagnosed Type 2 diabetes. Diabetic Med. 2013;30:201-7.
15. Erol E, Ersoy G., Pulur A, Özdemir G, Bektaş Y. Evaluation of the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED) in adolescents in Turkey. International Journal of Human Sciences [Online]. 2010;7:1.
16. Serra-Majem L, Ribas L, Ngo J, Ortega RM, Garcia A, Perez-Rodrigo C, Aranceta J. Food, youth and the Mediterranean diet in Spain. Development of KIDMED, Mediterranean Diet Quality Index in children and adolescents. Public Health Nutrition. 2004;7:931-935.
17. Baydemir C, Ozgur EG, Balci S. Evaluation of adherence to Mediterranean diet in medical students at Kocaeli University, Turkey. The Journal of international medical research. 2018;46(4):1585–1594.
18. Hadjimbei E, Botsaris G, Gekas V, Panayiotou AG. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and lifestyle characteristics of university students in Cyprus: a cross-sectional survey. Journal of nutrition and metabolism. 2016.2742841.
19. Garcia-Meseguer MJ, Burriel FC, Garcia CV, Serrano-Urrea R. Adherence to Mediterranean diet in a Spanish university population. Appetite. 2014;78:156-164.
20. Teleman AA, de Waure C, Soffiani V, Poscia A, Di Pietro ML. Nutritional habits in Italian university students. Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita. 2015;51(2):99-105.
21. Dura Trave T, Castroviejo GA. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet in a college population. Nutricion hospitalaria. 2011;26(3):602-608.
22. Galan-Lopez P, Sanchez-Oliver AJ, Pihu M, Gísladóttír T, Domínguez R, Ries F. Association between Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Physical Fitness with Body Composition Parameters in 1717 European Adolescents: The AdolesHealth Study. Nutrients. 2019 Dec 27;12(1):77.
23. Papadaki A, Hondros G, Scott JA, Kapsokefalou M. Eating habits of university students living at, or away from home in Greece. Appetite. 2007;49(1):169-176.