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COVID-19 Pandemisinde Yaşlı Olmak

Year 2022, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 114 - 124, 06.04.2022
https://doi.org/10.38108/ouhcd.957514

Abstract

Aniden ortaya çıkan, tsunamiye benzetilen, milyonlarca insanı enfekte eden/öldüren ve tüm dünyaya yayılan COVID-19, 11 Mart 2020’de DSÖ tarafından “pandemi” olarak kabul edilmiştir. Dünyayı durma noktasına getiren ve toplumları alt üst eden COVID-19’un etkileri halen devam etmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı COVID-19 pandemisinin yaşlılar üzerindeki etkileri, pandemide yaşlıların bakımı ve korunması ile ilgili literatür bilgisinin derlenmesidir. COVID-19 özellikle yaşlılarda fiziksel, psikolojik ve sosyal değişikliklere yol açmıştır. Yaşlılar, COVID-19 nedeni ile bakım ve tedaviye ulaşmada güçlük yaşamış, ağır semptomlar deneyimlemiş, yoğun bakım ihtiyaçları artmış, yoğun bakım ünitelerinde daha uzun süre kalmış ve hatta yeterli beslenememişlerdir. Ayrıca, yaşlıların COVID-19’a bağlı fiziksel inaktivite, yaş ayrımcılığı, sosyal izolasyon ve yalnızlık, kronik hastalıkların yönetiminde güçlük, dayanıklılıkta azalma ve kırılganlıkta artma nedenleri ile morbidite ve mortalite oranları da yükselmiştir. Yaşlılar için özellikle sağlık hizmetleri ve sosyal koruma sistemlerinin güçlendirilmesi, bakım ve desteğe erişimin iyileştirilmesi, uzun süreli bakımın sağlanması ve dijital erişim uçurumunun kapatılması gibi konular vurgulanmıştır. Sonuç olarak pandemi döneminde kırılgan ve dezavantajlı grup olan yaşlılar göz ardı edilmemeli tüm sorunları belirlenmeli, devlet ve sağlık profesyonelleri tarafından sorunlarına çözüm bulunmalı ve oluşturulan politikaların yaşama geçirilmesinde iş birliği sağlanmalıdır.

Supporting Institution

Herhangi destekleyen kurum bulunmamaktadır.

Thanks

Bu çalışmanın planlanmasında, araştırılmasında, yürütülmesinde ve oluşumunda ilgi ve desteğini esirgemeyen, engin bilgi ve tecrübelerinden yararlandığım, yönlendirme ve bilgilendirmeleriyle çalışmamı bilimsel temeller ışığında şekillendiren değerli danışman Hocam Prof. Dr. Sevilay HİNTİSTAN'a çok teşekkür ederim.

References

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Being Elder in COVID-19 Pandemia

Year 2022, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 114 - 124, 06.04.2022
https://doi.org/10.38108/ouhcd.957514

Abstract

COVID-19 which emerged suddenly, tsunami-like, infected/killed millions of people and spread all over the world, was declared as a pandemic by WHO on March 11, 2020. COVID-19 effected which brought the world to a standstill and turned societies upside down, still continue. The aim of this study is to review the literature on the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the elderly, the care and protection of the elderly in the pandemic.The most effected by the COVID-19 which called elderly led to physical, psychological and social changes. The elderly had difficulty in accessing care and treatment due to COVID-19, experienced severe symptoms, increased intensive care needs, stayed longer in intensive care units, and even could not get enough nutrition. Therefore, the morbidity and mortality rates of the elderly have increased due to COVID-19 physical inactivity, age discrimination, social isolation and loneliness, difficulty in managing chronic diseases, decreased resilience and increased vulnerability. The emphasized issues are such as strengthening health services and social protection systems for the elderly, improving access to care and support, providing long-term care and closing the digital access gap. As a result, elderly who are fragile and disadvantaged groups during the pandemic period, should not be ignored, all their problems should be determined, solutions should be found by the government and health professionals, and cooperation should be ensured in the implementation of the policies.

References

  • Altın Z. (2020) Yaşlanma ile Birlikte Sık Görülen Kronik Hastalıklar. In Şahin S.D. (editör). Yaşlanmaya Sağlık Sosyolojisi Perspektifinden Multidisipliner Yaklaşımlar. İstanbul, Ekin Yayıncılık, s. 139-156.
  • Ambrosi-Randić N, Nekić M, Tucak Junaković I. (2018). Felt age, desired, and expected lifetime in the context of health, well-being, and successful aging. The International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 87(1), 33–51. https://doi.org/10. 1177/ 0091415017720888
  • Armitage R, Nellums LB. (2020). COVID-19 and the consequences of isolating the elderly. Lancet Public Health, 5(5), e256. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30061-X.
  • Bianchetti A, Bellelli G, Guerini F, Marengoni A, Padavoni A, Rozzini R. ve ark. (2020). Improving the care of older patients during the COVID‑19 pandemic. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 32,1883-1888. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s40520-020-01641-w.
  • Carriedo A, Cecchini JA, Fernández-Río J, Méndez-Giménez, A. (2020). Resilience and physical activity in people under home isolation due to COVID-19: A preliminary evaluation. Mental Health and Physical Activity, 19, 100361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mhpa.2020.100361 Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020). COVID-19 guidance for older adults. Erişim Tarihi: 21.06.2021, https://www.cdc.gov/aging/covid19-guidance.html
  • Centers of Diseases Control and Prevention. (2021a). Erişim Tarihi: 22.06.2021, https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/need-extra-precautions/people-with-medical-conditions.html
  • Centers of Diseases Control and Prevention. (2021b). Older Adults. Erişim Tarihi: 23.06.2021, https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/need-extra-precautions/older-adults.html.
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  • Chhetri JK, Chan P, Arai H, Chul Park S, Sriyani Gunaratne P, Setiati S. ve ark. (2020). Prevention of COVID-19 in older adults: A brief guidance from the International Association for Gerontology and Geriatrics (IAGG) Asia/Oceania region. The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging, 24(5), 471-472. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12603-020-1359-7
  • Chouchou F, Augustini M, Caderby T, Caron N, Turpin NA, Dalleau G. (2020). The importance of sleep and physical activity on well-being during COVID-19 lockdown: Reunion island as a case study. Sleep Medicine, 77, 297-301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2020.09.014
  • COVID-19 Data Explorer: Global Humanitarian Operations. (2021). Coranavirus research center. Erişim Tarihi: 24.06.2021, https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html.
  • Dai M, Liu D, Liu M, Zhou F, Li G, Chen Z. ve ark. (2020). Patients with cancer appear more vulnerable to SARS-COV-2: A multi-center study during the COVID-19 outbreak. Cancer Discovery, 10(6), 783-791. DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-20-0422.
  • Dong L, Bouey J. (2020). Public mental health crisis during COVID-19 pandemic, China. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 26(7), 1. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2607.200407
  • Ekici, E. (2020). Covid 19 pandemisi sürecinde yaşlı bireylerin bakım yönetimi. Haliç Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(3), 145-152.
  • Fernandes, N. (2020). Economic effects of coronavirus outbreak (COVID-19) on the world economy. IESE Business School Working Paper No. WP-1240-E.
  • Gao Z, Xu Y, Sun C, Wang X, Guo Y, Qiu S. ve ark. (2020). A systematic review of asymptomatic infections with COVID-19. Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection, 54(1), 12-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.05.001
  • García-Hermoso A, Ramirez-Vélez R, Sáez de Asteasu ML, Martínez-Velilla N, Zambom-Ferraresi F, Valenzuela PL. ve ark. (2020). Safety and effectiveness of long-term exercise interventions in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Sports Medicine, 50(6), 1095-1106. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-020-01259-y
  • Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y. ve ark. (2020). Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. The Lancet, 395(10223), 497-506.
  • Isik, AT. (2020). Covid-19 infection in older adults: A Geriatrician’s perspective. Clinical Intervations in Aging, 15, 1067-1069. https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S260972
  • Izurieta HS, Graham DJ, Jiao Y, Hu M, Lu Y, Yue W. ve ark. (2021). Natural history of coronavirus disease 2019: Risk factors for hospitalizations and deaths among >26 million US medicare beneficiaries. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 223(6), 945-956. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaa767.
  • Jimenez-Sotomayor MR, Gomez-Moreno C, Soto-Perez-de-Celis E. (2020). Coronavirus, ageism, and twitter: An evaluation of tweets about older adults and COVID‐19. Journal of The American Geriatric Society, 68(8), 1661-1666.
  • Kalan U, Arik F, Soysal P. (2020). Malnutrition in older people. Biomedical Science, 2020, 372-384. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-801238-3.62171-2.
  • Lai J, Ma S, Wang Y, Cai Z, Hu J,Wei N. ve ark. (2020). Factors associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019. JAMA Network Open, 3(3), e203976. DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976.
  • Lee SY, Tung HH, Peng LN, Chen LK, Hsu CI, Huang YL. (2020). Resilience among older cardiovascular disease patients with probable sarcopenia. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 2020(86), 103939. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2019.103939
  • Lim WS, Liang CK, Assantachai P, Auyeung TW, Kang L, Lee WJ. ve ark. (2020). COVID-19 and older people in Asia: AWGS calls to actions. Geriatrics & Gerontology, 20(6), 547-558. DOI: 10.1111/ggi.13939.
  • Lima CKT, Medeires Calvarho PM, Silva Lima IAA, Oliveira Nunes VA, Saraiva JS, Souza RI. ve ark.(2020). The emotional impact of Coronavirus 2019-nCoV (new coronavirus disease). Psychiatry Research, 287, 112915. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112915.
  • Lin N, Ma J, Sun L. (2020). Thinking about the diagnosis and treatment of coronavirus diseae 2019 in older patients. International Journal of Geriatrics, 41(2), 65-68.
  • Mosqueda L, Burnight K, Gironda MW, Moore AA, Robinson C, Olsen B. (2016). The abuse intervention model: A pragmatic approach to intervention for elder mistreatment. Journal of American Geriatrics Society, 64(9), 1879-1883. DOI: 10.1111/jgs.14266.
  • Nanda A, Vura NVRK, Gravenstein S. (2020). COVID-19 in older adults. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 32(7), 1199-1202. DOI: 10.1007/s40520-020-01581-5.
  • National Academics of Sciences Engineering and Medicine. Social isolation and loneliness in older adults: opportunities for the health care system. Washington, DC: The National Academic Press; 2020.
  • National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China. Notice on the issuance of COVID-19’s diagnosis and treatment plan (trial eighth edition) 2020. Erişim Tarihi: 23.06.2021, http://www.nhc.gov.cn/yzygj/s7653p/202008/0a7bdf12bd4b46e5bd28ca7f9a7f5e5a.shtml.
  • Nidadavolu LS, Walston JD. (2021) Underlying vulnerabilities to the cytokine storm and adverse COVID-19 outcomes in the aging immune system. The Journal of Gerontology, 76(3), 13-18.
  • Niu S, Tian S, Lou J, Kang X, Zhang L, Lian H. ve ark. (2020). Clinical characteristics of older patients infected with COVID-19: A descriptive study. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 89(2020), 104058. DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2020.104058.
  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Elderly Population. Erişim Tarihi:22.06.2021, https://data.oecd.org/pop/elderly-population.htm.
  • Previtali F, Allen LD, Varlamova M. (2020). Not only virus spread: The diffusion of ageism during the outbreak of COVID-19. Journal of Aging and Social Policy, 32(4-5), 506-514. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/08959420.2020.1772002.
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There are 51 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Nursing
Journal Section Review
Authors

Sevilay Hintistan 0000-0002-5907-5723

Aynur Cin 0000-0002-5861-0421

Early Pub Date April 6, 2022
Publication Date April 6, 2022
Submission Date June 25, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 5 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Hintistan, S., & Cin, A. (2022). COVID-19 Pandemisinde Yaşlı Olmak. Ordu Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Çalışmaları Dergisi, 5(1), 114-124. https://doi.org/10.38108/ouhcd.957514