Examining of Social-Emotional and Moral Characteristics of a Child with Williams Syndrome and a Typically Developing Peer

Year 2024, Erken Görünüm, 1 - 20

Fadime Akgül , Songül Zorbay Varol , Mustafa Serdar Köksal

https://doi.org/10.21565/ozelegitimdergisi.1387231

Abstract

Introduction: This paper compared the social-emotional and moral developmental characteristics of a boy with Williams syndrome and a typically developing girl.
Method: The sample consisted of two eighth graders and their mothers. Participants were recruited using purposive criterion sampling. This qualitative study adopted a holistic multiple-case design because it compared the interrelated social-emotional and moral developmental characteristics of two different profiles of children.
Findings: Data were collected using the Social-Emotional and Character Development Scale (SECDS), semi-structured interview questions, spontaneous conversations, and observations. The quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, while the qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis. The results show that the boy with Williams syndrome is more successful than his typically developing peer in making plans and helping others, but less successful in making eye contact, making friends, and following rules in the absence of authority. The typically developing girl has better internal control in following rules, behaving politely and respectfully, and exhibiting moral behaviors because she wants to. The findings show that both children have relatively developed social-emotional and moral characteristics.
Discussion: The fact that the boy with Williams syndrome was more successful in expressing his wants and needs, planning and organizing, helping, maintaining communication with strangers, and choosing positive behaviors compared to his typically developing peer; behaving according to people's opinions, having approval anxiety, making decisions, self-regulation, following rules in the absence of authority, peer relations, adaptation, understanding people's feelings, and having difficulty in distinguishing good and bad intentions were in line with the literature. The fact that the typically developing girl exhibited more extreme social actions such as initiating communication; making eye contact for a long time; apologizing for misbehaviors; following rules with internal control and exhibiting positive behaviors provided different information from the literature. These results provide a new and different perspective to the results that children with Williams syndrome exhibit more social behaviors than their typically developing peers.

Keywords

Williams Syndrome, Social-emotional, Moral, Behavior, Development

Williams Sendromlu Çocukla Tipik Gelişen Akranının Sosyal-Duygusal ve Ahlaki Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi

Abstract

Giriş: Çalışmada, bir Williams sendromlu çocukla tipik gelişen akranının sosyal-duygusal ve ahlaki özelliklerinin incelenmesi hedeflenmiştir.
Yöntem: Araştırmanın katılımcılarını, Williams sendromlu ve tipik gelişen 14 yaşlarındaki iki çocukla onların anneleri oluşturmaktadır. Katılımcılar, araştırmanın hedefi gözetilerek ölçüt örneklemeyle seçilmişlerdir. Araştırmada eş zamanlı karma yöntem tasarımı kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Araştırmanın verileri, Sosyal-Duygusal ve Ahlaki Gelişim Ölçeği (SDAGO), yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler, spontane sohbetler ve gözlemlerle toplanmıştır. Ölçekten elde edilen veriler betimsel analizle, görüşme ve gözlemlerden elde edilen veriler içerik analiziyle çözümlenmiştir. Bulgular, Williams sendromlu çocuğun plan yapmak ve yardım etmekte tipik gelişen akranından daha başarılı; göz teması kurmak, arkadaşlık kurmak ve otorite olmadığında kurallara uymakta daha başarısız olduğunu göstermektedir. Tipik gelişen çocuğun kurallara uymakta, nezaketli ve saygılı davranmakta içsel denetiminin daha iyi olduğu; istediği için ahlaki davranışlar sergilediği belirlenmiştir. Bulgular, iki çocuğun da nispeten sosyal-duygusal ve ahlaki özelliklerinin gelişmiş olduğunu göstermektedir.
Tartışma: Erişilen sonuçlardan Williams sendromlu çocuğun tipik gelişen akranına kıyasla istek ve ihtiyaçlarını dillendirmekte, plan ve organizasyon yapmakta, yardım etmekte, tanımadıklarıyla iletişimi sürdürmekte, olumlu davranışları seçmekte daha başarılı olması; insanların düşüncelerine göre davranması, onaylanma kaygısının olması, karar almakta, öz düzenlemede, otorite olmadığında kurallara uymakta, akran ilişkilerinde, uyum sağlamakta, insanların duygularını anlamakta, iyi-kötü niyeti ayırmakta zorlanması alan yazınla örtüşür niteliktedir. Tipik gelişen çocuğun iletişimi başlatmak; uzun süre göz teması kurabilmek; yanlış davranışlarında özür dilemek; içsel denetimle kurallara uymak ve olumlu davranışlar sergilemek gibi aşırı sosyal eylemleri daha fazla sergilemesi alan yazından farklı bilgiler sunmaktadır. Bu sonuçlar, Williams sendromlu çocukların tipik gelişen akranlarından daha fazla sosyal davranış sergileyeceği yönündeki sonuçlara yeni ve farklı bir bakış açısı kazandırmıştır.

Keywords

Williams Sendromu, Sosyal-duygusal, Ahlâki, Davranış, Gelişim

Ethical Statement

Harran Üniversitesinden alındı. Öğrencisi olarak bağlı olduğum Hacettepe Üniversitesi williams sendromunun tıbbi bir tanı olduğu düşüncesiyle etik izin vermedi izin Harran Üniversitesi'ne başvuru yapılarak oradan alındı.

Supporting Institution

HARRAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ

Thanks

HARRAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ ETİK KOMİSYON BİRİMİNE TEŞEKKÜR EDERİZ.

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