Akran Aracılı Uyarlanmış Fiziksel Aktivitelere Katılan Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu Olan Bir Bireyin İletişim Becerilerindeki Değişimlerin İncelenmesi

Year 2017, Volume: 18 Issue: 02, 225 - 252, 07.06.2017

Erkan Yarımkaya , Ekrem Levent İlhan Necdet Karasu

https://doi.org/10.21565/ozelegitimdergisi.319423

Cited By: 13

Abstract

Bu
araştırmanın amacı, akran aracılı uyarlanmış fiziksel aktivite (AAUFA)
programına katılan otizm spektrum bozukluğu (OSB) olan bir bireyin iletişim
becerilerindeki değişimlerin incelenmesidir. Durum (Vaka) çalışması modelinde
desenlenen araştırmaya, OSB tanılı bir birey ve normal gelişim gösteren (NGG)
üç akran katılmıştır. Araştırmada, OSB tanılı birey ve NGG üç akran ile
birlikte üçü serbest fiziksel aktivite oturumu, 18’i ise AAUFA oturumu olmak
üzere toplamda 21 eğitim oturumu gerçekleştirilmiştir. AAUFA oturumlarında, 29
farklı uyarlanmış fiziksel aktivite akran aracılı olarak uygulanmıştır. AAUFA
oturumları öncesi, NGG üç akran ile birlikte altı oturum akran eğitimi süreci
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma süresince gerçekleştirilen tüm oturumlar video
kamera ile kayıt altına alınmıştır. Araştırma verileri farklı veri toplama
araçları (gözlem formu, yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formları, saha notları ve
yansıtmacı günlük) ile elde edilmiştir. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre, OSB
tanılı bireyin göz kontağı, ortak ilgi, iletişim başlatma ve iletişime tepki becerilerinin AAUFA programı
süresince olumlu yönde arttığı tespit edilmiştir. İletişim becerilerinde
gözlenen bu olumlu değişimlerin araştırmadan üç hafta sonra elde edilen izleme
ölçümünde devam ettiği saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, AAUFA programının OSB tanılı
bireyin iletişim becerileri üzerinde olumlu yönde etkisi olduğu izlenimi
edinilmiştir.

Keywords

Otizm spektrum bozukluğu, iletişim, akran aracılı, uyarlanmış fiziksel aktivite

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