Fitoremediasyon ve piroliz işlemlerinin ardışık uygulamasıyla kadmiyum stabilizasyonu

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, toprakta kirletici olarak bulunan kadmiyumun (Cd) stabilizasyonunu sağlamak için,  ardışık olarak fitoremediasyon ve piroliz işlemlerinin uygulanmasıdır. Çalışmanın ilk aşamasında, kadmiyumla kirlenmiş topraklara farklı bitkilerle (ayçiçeği, mısır ve kanola) ve farklı EDTA derişimleriyle (0-5-10 mmol/kg) fitoremediasyon uygulanmıştır. Fitoremediasyon çalışmaları sonucunda, %89.6-93.5 aralığında giderim verimleri elde edilmiştir. Hasat işleminden sonra kadmiyumla kirlenmiş bitkiler, 240 cm³’lük paslanmaz çelik (380 S) sabit yatak bir reaktörde 500 °C sıcaklık ve
35 °C/dk ısıtma hızında piroliz edilmiştir. Pirolizden sonra, katı ve sıvı ürünlerin metal içeriği ve özellikleri belirlenmiş ve ayrıca katı üründe eluat analizleri yapılmıştır. Piroliz sonucunda kirlenmiş bitkilerdeki kadmiyumun katı üründe stabilize edildiği belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Fitoremediasyon,Kadmiyum,Piroliz,Tehlikeli atık,Toprak kirliliği

Cadmium stabilization via sequential application of phytoremediation and pyrolysis

Abstract

The objective of this study is the treatment of cadmium (Cd) contaminated soil and stabilization of cadmium (Cd) in a solid product. For this aim, phytoremediation and pyrolysis were sequentially applied. Phytoremediation was first applied to cadmium contaminated soil via different plants (sunflower, corn and rape). After harvesting, contaminated plants were pyrolyzed. Phytoremediation was realized with different chelate (EDTA) concentrations (0-5-10 mmol/kg). The phytoremediation results indicated that high phytoremediation efficiencies (89.6-93.5%) were observed. Then, contaminated plants were pyrolyzed at 500°C with the heating rate of 35 °C/min in a fixed bed 240 m³ stainless steel reactor (380 S). Beside the main property analyses, Cd content and eluate analysis were performed on the pyrolysis solid and liquid products. According to pyrolysis results, Cd content of the contaminated biomass species is fixed into the ash/char fraction.

Keywords

• Cadmium,Hazardous waste,Phytoremediation,Pyrolysis,Soil pollution

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