Enerji tüketebilen çelik yastıkların tipik bir betonarme çerçeve davranışına etkisi

Öz

Betonarme çerçeve tipi yapıların deprem davranışları, enerji tüketebilen metal elemanlar kullanılarak iyileştirilebilmektedir. Metal elemanlar, yapının çerçeve gözlerine yerleştirildiğinde yapıya giren deprem enerjisini plastik deformasyon yaparak tüketebilmektedir. Yeni nesil yapı tasarımı, plastik şekil değiştirmelerin yapısal elemanlardan çok, deprem sonrasında yenisiyle değiştirilebilen metal elemanlarda yoğunlaşması sağlanarak hasarının azaltılması eğilimindedir. Bu çalışmada enerji tüketme özelliği olan farklı kalınlıklardaki yastık görünümlü metal elemanların çevrimsel davranışı, deneysel ve analitik olarak incelenmiştir. Farklı kalınlıklardaki çelik yastıkların kayma deneyleri İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi Yapı ve Deprem Mühendisliği Laboratuvarında (STEELAB) gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çelik yastıklar için analitik model geliştirilmiş ve gerçek betonarme yapıdan çıkartılmış bir çerçevenin lineer olmayan analizinde kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonuçları, levha kalınlığına bağlı olarak çelik yastıkların betonarme çerçeve dayanımını %5 ile %20 arasında değişen oranlarda artırdığını göstermektedir. Kalınlığı 18 mm olarak seçilen çelik yastığın kullanıldığı betonarme çerçeve yalın çerçeveden 5 kat daha fazla enerji tüketmiştir. Aynı kalınlıktaki çelik yastık, çerçeve sistemin toplam enerjisinin %55’ini tüketmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Çelik yastık,Lineer olmayan analiz,Dayanım enerji tüketimi,Çevrimsel davranış,Metal histeretik sönümleyici

The effect of energy dissipating steel cushions on the behaviour of a typical reinforced concrete frame

Abstract

Seismic behavior of reinforced concrete frame type structures can be improved by adding energy dissipating metallic devices. Metal devices can dissipate the earthquake input energy by means of plastic deformation when they are located within the bays of the structure. New generation structural design methods tend to concentrate the plastic deformations accumulated on replaceable steel elements rather than on structural members and therefore decrease the damage level. In this study, experimental and analytical investigation was conducted in order to determine the hysteretic behaviour of energy dissipative steel cushion shaped metal elements with variable thicknesses. Shear tests of energy dissipative steel cushions were performed in the Structural and Earthquake Engineering Laboratory (STEELAB) of ITU. Analytical model was developed for the steel cushions and the model was used in the nonlinear analysis of a frame system that was extracted from an actual model structure. The analysis results showed that depending on the thickness, steel cushions increase the strength of the structure in the range of 5% to 20%. 18 mm thick steel cushion instrumented frame dissipates 5 times more energy than the bare frame. Steel cushion having the same thickness dissipated 55% of the total energy of the frame system. 

Keywords

• Steel cushion,Non-linear analysis,Strength,Energy dissipation,Cyclic behaviour,Metallic hysteretic damper

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