Rijit poliüretan köpük malzemelere kabaran alev geciktirici ilavesinin yanma direnci ve zararlı emisyon oluşumuna etkilerinin incelenmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, amonyum polifosfat/pentaeritritolden (2/1) oluşan kabaran alev geciktiricinin %5, 10 ve 15 oranlarında rijit poliüretan köpük malzemelere ilave edilmesinin yanma direnci ve zararlı emisyon oluşumuna etkileri konik kalorimetre testleri ile incelemeye alınmıştır. Köpük malzeme içerisinde kabaran alev geciktirici miktarının artmasına bağlı olarak yanma direncinde artış tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, yine alev geciktirici miktarı artışına bağlı olarak malzemenin yanma sırasında oluşturduğu ve insanların boğulması ve zehirlenmesine sebep olan is, karbon monoksit ve azot monoksit emisyonlarının da farklı oranlarda azaldığı belirlenmiştir. Rijit poliüretan köpüğe %15 oranında kabaran alev geciktirici ilavesinin, toplam ısı yayılım miktarının yaklaşık olarak %40 oranında azalmasına ve maksimum azot monoksit emisyonu da 9 ppm’in altına düşmesine sebep olmuştur. Bu kapsamda, bu çalışmada sentezlenen kabaran alev geciktiricinin, rijit poliüretan köpük malzemeler için yanma direncinin ve zararlı emisyonların iyileştirilmesini sağlamasından dolayı etkili bir alev geciktirici olarak tercih edilebileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Poliüretan,Yanma,Alev geciktirici,Emisyon

Investigation into the effects of intumescent flame retardant addition on flame resistance and harmful emissions of rigid polyurethane foams

Abstract

In this study, an intumescent flame retardant composed of ammonium polyphosphate/pentaerythritol (2/1) was incorporated in rigid polyurethane foams in 5, 10 and 15 wt. %. Effects of the intumescent flame retardant additions on the flame resistance and harmful emissions of the foams were investigated by using cone calorimeter tests. It was determined that the flame resistance of the foam was significantly increased with the addition of the intumescent flame retardant. Furthermore, smoke, carbon monoxide and nitrogen monoxide emissions causing suffocation and poisoning were decreased in different ratios with the addition of the intumescent flame retardant. The addition of 15 wt. % the intumescent flame retardant into rigid polyurethane foam resulted in approximately 40 % decrease in the total heat released value and reduced the nitrogen monoxide emission to less than 9 ppm. In this content, it was concluded that the intumescent flame retardant synthesized in this study can be preferred as an effective flame retardant material for rigid polyurethane foams due to ensuring better enhancement of flame resistance and harmful emissions.

Keywords

• Polyurethane,Combustion,Flame retardant,Emission

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