Sürekli mıknatıslı senkron generatörün azaltılmış anahtarlı evirici ile sensörsüz kontrolü

Öz

Bu makalenin temel amacı, enerji iletiminin mümkün olmadığı kırsal ve coğrafi açıdan problemli bölgelerde yenilenebilir ve taşınabilir bir şekilde elektrik enerjisi üretimini sağlamaktır. Önerilen sistem ile katastrofik sonuçları (uzun süreli ve yerel olmayan elektrik kesintisi) olan doğal felaketler (deprem, yangın, sel vb.) sırasında düşük fiyata, verimli ve taşınabilir küçük ölçekli rüzgar türbini ve tahrik sistemi ile rüzgardan bireysel düşük güçlü elektrik enerjisi üretimi hedeflenmektedir. Bu çalışmada, redüktörsüz sürekli mıknatıslı senkron generatörün (SMSG) yük tarafı evirici kontrollü değişken hızlı rüzgar türbini için toplam sekiz anahtarlama elemanlı, tam yükünde çalışabilen, iki yönlü, iki seviyeli, sırt sırta bağlı gerilim kaynaklı doğrultucu/evirici kullanılarak gerçekleştirilir. Ayrıca, bu sistemde model referans adaptif sistem (MRAS) ile rotor kaçak akısı ve stator direnci kestirimcisi kullanılmasının en önemli avantajlarından birisi ve yeniliği, kontrol sistemindeki akı ve stator direnç değerlerinde meydana gelen değişikliklerinden kaynaklı bozulmaları düzeltmektir. Basitliği ve etkin çalışma aralığı nedeniyle yük tarafının kontrolü dört anahtarlı şebeke tarafı eviricisi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Toplam sistem performansını gözlemlemek için evirici çıkışında üç fazlı pasif bir yük kullanılmaktadır. Akım ve gerilim harmoniklerini azaltmak, güç şebekesinin kararlılığını ve verimliliğini artırmak için yük tarafında alçak geçiren LCL filtre tasarlanmış ve gerçeklenmiştir. Bütün sistemin performansı gerçek zamanlı Sayısal İşaret İşleyici (Sİİ) sistemi ile doğrulanmıştır. Bu makalede, generatör kontrolü için geniş çalışma aralığı ve ekonomik pozisyon sensörsüz kontrolün dahil edilmesi ile yenilenebilir rüzgar enerjisi sisteminin kırsal alanlar için uygulanabilir bir dağıtık yeşil enerji çözümü olabileceği gösterilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• MRAS,İleri beslemeli gerilim tahmini,SMSG,Dört anahtarlı üç fazlı inverter

Sensorless control of permanent magnet synchronous generator drive using reduced switch inverter

Abstract

The main aim of this paper is to provide electric power generation using a renewable and portable method in rural and geographically problematic areas where energy transmission is not possible. Electric power generation from wind with low-cost, efficient and portable small-scale wind turbine during natural disasters (earthquake, fire, flood, etc.) leading to catastrophic consequences (long electrical black-outs) and for individual low power applications is targeted. The control of gearless Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) along with load side inverter control in this project are performed using a full-rating, bi-directional, two-level, back-to-back voltage source rectifier/inverter with total of eight switches for the variable speed wind turbine. Additionally, one of the major advantages and novelty of using MRAS rotor flux linkage and stator resistance estimator in this system is to correct changes in the flux and stator resistance values in the control system. Due to its simplicity and effectiveness, the load side control is achieved by using four switch grid side inverter. To observe the total system performance, a three-phase passive load is used at the inverter output. The low-pass LCL filter is designed and used in the load side to reduce current and voltage harmonics and increase stability and efficiency of the power network. The results of the overall system are validated with the real-time DSP system. It is proved with this paper that the inclusion of a simple, effective and economical position sensorless control in the generator side show that renewable wind energy system can be a viable distributed green energy solution for rural areas.

Keywords

• MRAS,Feedforward voltage estimation,PMSG,Four switch three phase inverter (FSTPI)

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