Tek-katlı kompozit dalgalı yayların tasarımı, modellenmesi ve yapısal analizi

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, tek-katlı kompozit dalgalı yayların bası yükü altındaki mekanik davranışları nümerik olarak incelenmiştir. Nümerik analizler, Ansys Workbench ve ACP Modülü sonlu elemanlar programı kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Numerik doğrulama çelik dalgalı yay probleminin nümerik sonuçları ile analitik sonuçlar karşılaştırılarak yapılmıştır. Doğrulamadan sonra, sonlu elemanlar modeli bu çalışma için genişletilmiştir. Kompozit malzeme olarak karbon fiber/epoksi ve cam fiber/epoksi seçilmiştir. Tasarım parametreleri olarak dalga sayısı (4, 6 ve 8) ve kompozit kalınlığı (tabaka sayısı; 4, 6, 8, 10 ve 12) ele alınmıştır. Bu tasarım parametreleri ve malzeme türleri için yay rijitlikleri hesaplanmış ve çelik yay ile kıyaslamalar yapılmıştır. Yayların hasar yükleri, Tsai-Wu hasar kriteri kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Buna ek olarak, hibritleştirme etkisinin yayın mekanik davranışa etkisi incelenmiştir. Nümerik sonuçlar, kompozit tasarım parametreleri doğru olarak seçildiğinde çeliğe yakın rijitlik değerlerinin ve yayda önemli ağırlık azaltımının sağlanabileceğini göstermiştir.

Keywords

• Kompozit,Dalgalı yay,Rijitlik,Sonlu elemanlar analizi

Design, modeling and structural analysis of single-turn composite wave springs

Abstract

In this study, the mechanical behavior of single-turn composite wave springs under compressive loads were investigated numerically. Numerical verification of the finite element (FE) model was carried out by comparing the numerical results against analytical calculations. After verification, the FE model was extended to this study. As spring material, carbon fiber/epoxy and E-glass fiber/epoxy were selected. As design parameters, the number of waves (4, 6 and 8) and the thickness of the wave spring (number of plies; 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12) were considered. The stiffness of the composite wave springs was determined by varying these design parameters and material types. The composite spring stiffness values were compared with those made of steel. The failure loads of the wave springs were determined by using Tsai-Wu failure criteria. Additionally, the hybridization effect on the mechanical response of wave springs was investigated. The numerical results showed that it was possible to obtain stiffness values which is comparable with that of steel spring and significant reduction in spring weight if the composite design parameters were selected properly.

Keywords

• Composite,Wave spring,Stiffness,Finite element analysis

References

1. Zhang J, Chaisombat K, Shuai H, Chun HW. “Hybrid composite laminates reinforced with glass/carbon woven fabrics for lightweight load bearing structures”. Materials & Design, 36, 75-80, 2012.
2. Erfain-Naziftoosi, HR, Shams SS, Elhajjar R. “Composite wave springs: Theory and design”. Materials & Design, 95, 48-53, 2016.
3. Chiu C-H, Hwan C-L, Tsai H-S, Lee W-P. “An experimental investigation into the mechanical behaviors of helical composite springs”. Composite Structures, 77(3), 331-340, 2007.
4. Jain A, Jindal A, Lakhiani P, Mishra S. “Mathematical approach to helical and wave spring used in suspension system: A review”. International Journal of Mechanical and Production Engineering, 5(6), 78-82, 2017.
5. Gaur N, Tripathi K, Kanchwala H. “Analysis of load deflection characteristics of wave washer spring using 3D CAD modeling”. International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, 7(13), 1525-1535, 2012.
6. Ashwini K, Mohan Rao CV. “Hybrid composite laminates reinforced with glass/carbon woven fabrics for lightweight load bearing structures”. Materials Today: Proceedings, 5(2), 5716-5721.
7. Talip ARA, Ali A, Goudah G, Lah NAC, Golestaneh A. “Developing a composite based elliptic spring for automotive applications”. Materials & Design, 31, 475-484, 2010.
8. Deveraj DH, Venkatesan M. “Static Analysis of Composite Semi – Elliptical Leaf Spring”. IOSR Journal of Engineering, 2(4), 598-603, 2012.

9. Dragoni E. “A contrubition to wave spring design”. The Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design, 23(3), 145-153, 1988.
10. Camanho PP, Matthews FL. “A Progressive Damage Model for Mechanically Fastened Joints in Composite Laminates”. Journal of Composite Materials, 33(24), 2248-2280, 1999.
11. Tay TE, Liu G, Tan VBC, Sun XS, Pham DC. “Progressive failure analysis of composites”. Journal of Composite Materials, 42(18), 1921-1946, 2008.
12. Beylergil B, Cunedioglu Y, Aktas A. “Experimental and numerical analysis of single lap composite joints with inter-adherend fibers”. Composites Part: B, 42(7), 1885-1896, 2011.