Meyve suyu endüstrisi katı atığından üretilen aktif karbonun sulu çözeltilerden reaktif kırmızı (procion red MX-5B) adsorpsiyonu için kullanımı

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 7, 912 - 918, 27.12.2017

Eylem Pehlivan

Öz

Bu
çalışmada; biyokütle olarak seçilen nar posasından kimyasal aktivasyonla aktif
karbon üretimi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Aktif karbon üretiminde sıcaklık, emdirme
süresi, emdirme oranı parametrelerinin etkisi araştırılmıştır. Aktivasyon
deneyleri, kimyasal (KOH) kullanılarak, 500 °C ve 700 °C’de 0.5/1; 1/1; 2/1
emdirme oranlarında, 24 ve 48 sa. emdirme süresinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde
edilen aktif karbonlar BET, FTIR, 
elementel ve SEM analizleri yapılarak karakterize edilmiştir. En yüksek
yüzey alanına sahip aktif karbon (668.98 m²/g) seçilerek, sulu
çözeltiden boyar madde giderimi araştırılmıştır. pH, adsorban miktarı, çözelti
başlangıç derişimi ve çözelti sıcaklığı gibi parametrelerin, adsorpsiyon
üzerindeki etkileri gözlemlenmiştir En yüksek giderim pH 1’te, 10 g/L adsorban
varlığında, 50 ppm başlangıç derişiminde, 25 °C’de %96.60 olarak bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Nar posası, Kimyasal Aktivasyon, Aktif Karbon, Adsorpsiyon, Modelleme

Utilization of activated carbon produced from fruit juice industry solid waste for the adsorption of reactive red (procion red MX-5B) from aqueous solutions

Öz

In
this study, activated carbon production from pomegranate pulp was carried out
via chemical activation. The influences of parameters such as temperature,
impregnation time, impregnation ratio on activated carbon production were
investigated. Activation experiments were carried out using KOH at temperatures
of 500 °C and 700 °C, with the impregnation ratio of 0.5/1; 1/1; 2/1 and
impregnation duration of 24 or 48 hours. Activated carbons obtained from the experiments were
characterized by BET, FTIR, elemental, and SEM. The activated carbon with the
surface area of 668.9825 m²/g was obtained and used as an adsorbent
for the removal of dye from the aqueous solutions. The influences of pH,
adsorbent dose, initial dye concentration and temperature on adsorption were
investigated. The maximum dye removal efficiency of 96.60% was obtained at the
adsorbent dose of 10 g/L initial concentration of 50 ppm 
and a solution pH 1.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Pomegranate pulp, Activated carbon, Adsorption, Modelling

Kaynakça

• Ahmad MA. Puad AAN. “Kinetic. equilibrum and thermodynamic studies of synthetic dye removal using pomegranate peel activated carbon prepared by microwave-induced KOH activation”. Water Resources and Industry. 6. 18-35. 2014.
• Aksu Z. “Application of biosorption for the removal of organic pollutants: a review”. Process Biochemistry. 40(1). 997-1026. 2005.
• Kayacan İ. Okur MT. “Tekstil atık sularındaki boyarmaddelerin at kestanesi ve ayçiçeği kabukları kullanılarak arıtımının araştırılması”. 9. Ulusal Kimya Mühendisliği Kongresi. Ankara. Türkiye. 22-25 Haziran 2010.
• Gerçel Ö. Gerçel HF. “Aktif karbon adsorpsiyonu ile boya giderimi”. 7. Ulusal Kimya Mühendisliği Kongresi. Eskişehir. Türkiye. 5-8 Eylül 2006.
• Gad HMH. El-Sayed AA. “Activated carbon from agricultural by-products for the removal of Rhodamine-B from aqueous solution”. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 168(1). 107-1081. 2009.
• Deniz E. Yeşilören G. Özdemir N. İşçi A. “Türkiye’de gıda endüstrisi kaynaklı biyokütle ve biyokyakıt potansiyeli”. Gıda. 40(1). 47-54. 2015.
• Uzun BB. Sarıoğlu N. “Rapid and catalytic pyrolysis of corn stalks”. Fuel Process Technolgy. 90(5). 705-716. 2009.
• Yang J. Qui K. “Preparation of activated carbons from walnut shells via vacuum chemical activation and their application for methylene blue removal”. Chemical Engineering Journal.165(1). 209-217.2010.
• Ozmak. M. Biyokütle Atıklarından Aktif Karbon Üretimi. Doktora Tezi. Ankara Üniversitesi. Ankara. Türkiye. 2010.
• Öztürk N. Bektaş TE. “Nitrate Removal From Aqueous Solution By Adsorption onto Various Materials”. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 112(1). 155-162. 2004.
• Njoku VO. Foo KY. Asif M. Hameed BH. “Preparation of activated carbons from rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) peel by microwave-induced KOH activation for acid yellow 17 dye adsorption”. Chemical Engineering Journal. 250(1).198-204. 2014.
• Angın D. Kose TE. Selengil U. “Production and characterization of activated carbon prepared from safflower seed cake biochar and its ability to absorb reactive dyestuff”. Applied Surface Science. 280(1). 705-710. 2013.
• Yuan G. Shiping X. Qinyan Y. Yuwei W. Baoyu G. “Chemical preparation of crab shell-based activated carbon with superior adsorption performance for dye removal from wastewater”. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers. 61(1). 327-335. 2016.
• Malik PK. “Use of activated carbons prepared from sawdust and rice-husk for adsorptionof acid dyes: a case study of acid yellow 36”. Dyes Pigments. 56(1) 239-249. 2003.
• Kaçan E. “Optimum BET surface areas for activated carbon produced from textile sewage sludges and its application as dye removal”. Journal of Environmental Management. 166(1). 116-123. 2016.
• Foo KY. Hameed BH. “Porous structure and adsorptive properties of pineapple peel based activated carbons prepared via microwave assisted KOH and K2CO3 activation”. Microporous Mesoporous Material. 148(1). 191–195. 2012.
• Foo KY. Hameed BH. “Coconut husk derived activated carbon via microwave induced activation: effects of activation agents. preparation parameters and adsorption performance”. Chemical Engineering Journal. 184(1). 57-65. 2012.
• Foo KY. Hameed BH. “Utilization of oil palm biodiesel solid residue as renewable sources for preparation of granular activated carbon by microwave induced KOH activation”. Bioresource Technolgy. 130(1). 696–702. 2013.
• Merzougui Z. Addoun F. “Effect of oxidant treatment of date pit activated carbons application to the treatment of waters”. Desalination. 222 (1). 394–403. 2008.
• Lagergren S. “Zur theorie der sogenannten adsorption gelöster stoffe. Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens”. Handlingar. 24(4). 1-39. 1898.
• Ho YS. McKay G. “Pseudo-second order model for sorption processes”. Process Biochemistry. 34(1). 451–465.1999.
• Ho YS. Mckay G. “Comparative sorption kinetic studies of dye and aromatic compounds onto fly ash”. Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part A. Toxic/Hazardous Substances and Environmental Engineering. 34(5). 1179-1204. 1999.
• Weber Jr WR. Morris JC. “ Kinetics of adsorption on carbon from solution”. Journal of the Sanitary Engineering Division. ASCE. 89. 31–59.1963.
• Ho YS. McKay G. “The sorption of Lead(II) on peat”. Water Research. 33(1). 578-584.1999.
• Kılıç M. Apaydın-Varol E. Pütün AE. “Adsorptive removal of phenol from aqueous solutions on activated carbon prepared from tobacco residues: Equilibrium. kinetics and thermodynamics”. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 189(1). 397-403. 2011.
• Demiral H. Gündüzoğlu G. “Removal of nitrate from aqueous solutions by activated carbon prepared from sugar beet bagasse”. Bioresource Technolgy. 101(1). 1675-1680. 2010.
• Gerçel Ö. Özcan Adnan. Özcan AS. Gerçel HF. “Preparation of activated carbon from a renewable bio-plant of Euphorbia rigida by H2SO4 activation and its adsorption behavior in aqueous solutions”. Applied Surface Science. 253(1).4843–4852. 2007.
• Nollet H. Roels M. Lutgen P. Van der Meeren P. Verstraete W. “Removal of PCBs from wastewater using fly ash”. Chemosphere. 53(1). 655–665. 2008.
• Thinakaran N. Paneerselvam P. Baskaralingam P. Elango D. Sivanesan S. “Equilibrium and kinetic studies on the removal of acid red 114 from aqueous solutions using activated carbons prepared from seed shells”. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 158(1). 142–150. 2008.
• Hameed BH. Ahmad AA. Aziz N. “Isotherms. kinetics and thermodynamics of acid dye adsorption on activated palm ash”. Chemical Engineering Journal. 133(1). 195-203. (2007).
• Manjot T. Jin B. “Adsorption characteristics. ısotherm. kinetics. and diffusion of modified natural bentonite for removing diazo dye”. Chemical Engineering Journal. 187(1). 79-88. (2012).
• Ucun H. Bayhan YK. Kaya Y. “Kinetic and thermodynamic studies of the biosorption of Cr(VI) by Pinus sylvestris Linn”. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 153(1). 52–59. 2008.
• Liu Y. “Is the free energy change of adsorption correctly calculated?”. Journal of Chemical &Engineeering Data. 54(7). 1981-1985. 2009.
• Angın D. “Utilization of activated carbon produced from fruit juice industry solid waste for the adsorption of Yellow 18 from aqueous solutions”. Bioresource Technology. 168(1).259-266.2014.