Asenkron motorun stator q-eksen gerilimini kullanan alan yönlendirmeli vektör kontrollü gerilim sensörü kullanmadan sensörsüz hız tahmini

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 2, 210 - 219, 04.04.2021

Sadık Özdemir

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, asenkron motorlar (ASM) için sensörsüz, dolaylı, alan yönlendirmeli vektör kontrollü bir hız tahmin yönteminin geliştirilmesidir. Önerilen yöntem, yeni bir Model referans adaptif sistemdir(MRAS) ve motorun hızını hesaplamak için sadece kararlı hal alan yönlendirme durumunda stator q-eksen gerilim denklemine ihtiyaç duyar. Hesaplanan gerilim doğrudan kontrol algoritması içerisinde üretilen q-ekseni referans gerilimi ile karşılaştırıldığından, bu yöntem bir referans modele ihtiyaç duymaz, ayrıca gerilim sensörü gereksinimini ortadan kaldırır. Bu basit denklemde herhangi bir rotor parametresi yoktur ve bu sistemin rotor parametrelerinin değişimine karşı bağışıklık kazandırır. Dahası, bu basitleştirilmiş hesaplama akı tahmini gerekliliğini ortadan kaldırdığı için yöntem saf entegrasyon sorunlarına karşı daha az duyarlıdır. Böylece önerilen MRAS çok düşük ve sıfır hızlarda oldukça doğru hız tahmini yapabilir. Ayrıca, önerilen MRAS yöntemi gerilim sensörü gereksinimini ortadan kaldırmaktadır. Bu sayede özellikle düşük hızlarda gerilim sensörünün ölçüm gürültülerinin sebep olabileceği tahmin hatalarının önüne geçilmiş ve sistemin düşük ve sıfır hız performansları iyileştirilmiş olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada simülasyon çalışmaları MATLAB / SIMULINK ortamında tamamlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sensörsüz hız tahmini, Asenkron motor, Alan yönlendirmeli kontrol

Stator q-axis voltage error based sensorless speed estimation of field oriented vector controlled induction motor without using voltage transducer

Öz

The purpose of the study is to develop a high-performance speed sensorless indirect field oriented control for induction motors (IMs). The proposed method is a novel Model Reference Adaptive System (MRAS) and needs only steady-state stator q-axis voltage equation to estimate rotor speed. And also, the proposed speed estimator algorithm removes the voltage transducer requirement in calculations since the algorithm compares the current requlator PI controller output with the calculated q-axis stator voltage. So the system does not need a reference loop since the calculated voltage I adaptive sub-model is directly compared with controller output. This simple equation does not require any rotor parameter and this makes the system immune to the variation of rotor parameters. Moreover, this unique calculation eliminates the requirement of flux estimation thus, the method is less sensitive to pure integration problems. This makes the estimator quite accurate at very low and zero speeds. Moreover, the suggested MRAS technique eliminates the voltage transducer measurement noises so, the low speed accuracy of the speed estimator is increased. Which are validated in simulations using MATLAB/SIMULINK.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Speed sensorless Control, Induction motor, Vector control

Kaynakça

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