Production and Characterization of bacterial cellulose from Komagataeibacter xylinus S4 strain

Year 2024, Volume: 30 Issue: 2, 271 - 281, 30.04.2024

Nazime Dogan , Burak Top Naime Nur Bozbeyoğlu Kart , Duygu Takanoğlu Bulut , Orhan Karabulut , Erdal Uğuzdoğan

Abstract

In this study, bacterial cellulose (BC) was obtained from Komagataeibacter xylinus S4 and characterized in detail. The effects of a various of carbon sources and media, different pH conditions, incubation temperatures, Surface area/Volume ratios, and incubation durations were determined for BC production. Considering the carbon types, the amount of BC production from high to low was realized as sucrose, fructose, mannitol, xylose, arabinose, and lactose. The highest BC amount (1.303 g/L) was achieved by combining M1A05P5 broth, 30 °C, 1.06 cm-1 Surface area/Volume ratio, pH 3.5 and 21 days. According to scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis, the cellulose fibril diameters were 34.87-45.97 nm at pH 3.5 and 29.71-102.3 nm at pH 6.5 in M1A05P5. Also, TGA analysis exhibited that the weight loss of BC in the removal of water step initialized between 50 °C and 150 °C and the degradation step initialized between 215 °C and 228 °C. Finally, the electrical conductivity values of the BC samples were determined on the 27-137 °C temperature scale. It was observed that the conductivity was temperature dependent, and the conductivity increased exponentially as the temperature increased. In conclusion, the cellulose from K. xylinus S4 typically showed a semiconducting behavior.

Keywords

Bacterial cellulose, Local isolate, Carbon sources, Electrical conductivity, Thermal analysis, SEM

Komagataeibacter xylinus S4 suşundan bakteriyel selüloz üretimi ve karakterizasyonu

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Komagataeibacter xylinus S4'ten elde edilen bakteriyel selüloz (BS) detaylı şekilde karakterize edilmiştir. Çeşitli karbon kaynakları ve ortamlarının, farklı pH şartları, sıcaklıklar, yüzey alanı/hacim oranları ve inkübasyon zamanlarının BS üretimine etkisi tespit edilmiştir. Karbon tipleri gözönüne alındığında, yüksekten düşüğe doğru BS üretim miktarı, sükroz, fruktoz, mannitol, ksiloz, arabinoz ve laktoz şeklinde gerçekleşmiştir. En yüksek BS miktarına (1.303 g/L), M1A05P5 sıvı besiyeri, 30 °C sıcaklık, 1.06 cm-1 yüzey alanı/hacim oranı, pH 3.5 ve 21 gün kombinasyonunda ulaşılmıştır. Taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) analizine göre M1A05P5 ortamında üretilen bakteriyel selüloz liflerinin çapları pH 3.5'te 34.87-45.97 nm değerindeyken pH 6.5 değerine yükseldiğinde lif çapları 29.71-102.3 nm olarak ölçülmüştür. Ayrıca, TGA analizi, BS numunelerinde dehidrasyon adımındaki ağırlık kaybının 50 °C ile 150 °C arasında, bozunma adımının ise 215 °C ile 228 °C arasında başladığını göstermiştir. Son olarak, BS örneklerinin elektriksel iletkenlik değerleri 27-137 °C sıcaklık skalasında tespit edildi. İletkenliğin sıcaklığa bağlı olduğu ve sıcaklık arttıkça iletkenliğin üstel olarak arttığı gözlendi. Sonuç olarak, K. xylinus S4 selülozu tipik olarak yarı iletken bir davranış göstermiştir.

Keywords

Bakteriyel selüloz, Yerel izolat, Karbon kaynaklari, Elektriksel iletkenlik, Termal analiz, SEM

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