Döngüsel tedarik zinciri uygulamalarının önündeki engellerin küresel bulanık AHP yöntemi ile değerlendirilmesi: Akü sektöründe bir uygulama

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 31 Sayı: 1, 17 - 36, 27.02.2025

Salih Bakkal , Nihan Kabadayı

Öz

Küresel iklim krizi, globalleşen dünya, artan üretim hacimleri ve hızla değişen müşteri beklentilerini karşılamanın yarattığı rekabet ortamı kaynakların sürdürülebilirliğini tehlikeye atmaktadır. 1760’lı yıllarda başlayan Sanayi Devriminden beri “al, yap, sat” mantığı ile işleyen doğrusal ekonomi modelinin kaynaklar için sürdürülebilir bir çözüm sunmaması, son yıllarda yeni bir ekonomik model arayışına sebep oldu. İlk olarak iki İngiliz çevre ekonomisti David Pearce ve R. Kerry Turner tarafından ortaya konulan döngüsel ekonomi kavramı; tedarik zinciri içerisinde dolaşımda olan ürün, malzeme ve enerjinin verimli bir şekilde kullanılmasını amaçlamaktadır. İçerisinde birçok aktör bulunan tedarik zincirleri bu yeni ekonomik modelde; tersine lojistik, yeniden üretim, ürün tasarımı, ürün yaşam çevrimi yönetimi, temiz üretim, sürdürülebilir paketleme, araç rotalama gibi faaliyetler ile önemli bir yere sahiptir. Fakat, giderek karmaşık bir yapıya dönüşen ve denizaşırı faaliyet gösteren tedarik zincirlerinin yeni bir modele uyum sağlamasında birçok engel ile karşılaşılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren firmaların döngüsel tedarik zinciri uygulamalarında karşılaşabilecekleri temel engeller ile ilgili bir örnek uygulama ortaya koyarak, strateji ve planlama oluşturulmasında yöneticiler ve paydaşlar için faydalı bilgiler sunmaktır. Bu amaçla, kapsamlı bir literatür taraması yapılarak dokuz temel engel tanımlanmıştır. Bu engeller, otomotiv ve endüstriyel gruplarda akü üretimi yapan bir işletme üzerinde küresel bulanık AHP kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre üst yönetimin desteğinin eksikliği uygulamanın yapıldığı firmadaki döngüsel tedarik zinciri uygulamalarının önündeki en önemli engeldir. Bu çalışmada ilgili problemin çözümünde ilk defa küresel bulanık AHP yönteminin kullanılması ile literatüre katkı sağlamak amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Döngüsel ekonomi, Tedarik zinciri, Engeller, Küresel bulanık AHP

Evaluation of barriers to circular supply chain implementations with the spherical fuzzy AHP method: A case study of battery industry

Öz

The climate crisis, globalizing world, increasing production volumes, and competitive environment created by meeting rapidly changing customer needs and expectations jeopardize the sustainability of resources. Since the Industrial Revolution that started in the 1760s, a linear economy model driven by a 'take-make-dispose' has been adopted. As this model doesn't offer a sustainable solution for resources, a circular economy as a new economic model was suggested. Circular economy, put forward by environmental economists David Pearce and R. Kerry Turner, aims to use efficiently and effectively products, materials, and energy circulating throughout the supply chain. Containing many actors within, the supply chain has an important place for a circular economy with activities such as reverse logistics, remanufacturing, product design, product life cycle management, clean production, sustainable packaging, and vehicle routing. On the other hand, supply chains encounter many obstacles in adopting a new economic model because of becoming increasingly complex and operating overseas. This paper aims to determine the main barriers firms operating in Turkey may encounter while adapting to a circular supply chain and to offer useful information for decision-makers and managers. We identified nine main barriers by conducting a comprehensive literature review for that purpose. These barriers were analyzed in company manufacturing batteries for automotive and industrial groups by using spherical fuzzy AHP. According to the analysis results, lack of top management support is the most crucial barrier to circular supply chain applications. This study aimed to contribute to the literature by using the spherical fuzzy AHP method for the first time in solving the related problem.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Circular economy, Supply chain, Barriers, Spherical fuzzy AHP

Kaynakça

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