INNOVATIONS IN THE BIODIESEL PRODUCTION

Year 2017, , 24 - 28, 30.06.2017

Emine Emel Cakirca Ayse Nilgun Akin

https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2017.566

Abstract

Demand on
energy from alternative fuels are growing rapidly due to depletion of fossil
fuels and global warming crises. Biodiesel instead of conventional petroleum
diesel, is a non toxic, biodegradable and renewable fuels.  Therefore, biodiesel can be considered as a
promising liquid fuel for transport sector. Among the routes of  biodiesel synthesis, the most commonly used
are transesterification of oil feedstocks and esterification of free fatty
acids, in which these are carried forward in the presence of a catalyst. In
transesterification process, a large majority of feedstocks come from
vegetable/edible oil, as the first generation biodiesel feedstocks, in many
regions of the world. The use of edible oils is not convenient in production of
biodiesel due to insufficient amount of edible oil feedstocks and demand for
food materials in the world.  When it is
thought that over 70% of price of biodiesel includes cost of feedstocks, use of
cheaper and more sustainable resources have become inevitable.  Waste cooking oil and algae oil, which have
not been used as food sources, are termed as second generation feedstocks and
seem more attractive and promising for biodiesel production. In addition to raw
material source, the type of alcohol and catalyst also affects to price  and quailty of biodiesel.  Since biodiesel is a process includes
sustainable technology, all inputs are investigated in terms of usability,
sustainability and eco-friendly. The aim of this study to give an overwive  on the biodiesel production in that select of
the most effective and available feedstocks and summarize the recent
development and innovation in the production process. 

Keywords

Biodiesel, raw materials, oil, catalyst, innovation

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