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GELİŞMEKTE OLAN PİYASALARDA GEÇİCİ VE KALICI ŞOKLAR

Year 2020, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 93 - 97, 30.07.2020
https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2020.1247

Abstract

Amaç- Yatırımcıların rasyonel olduğu ve geçmiş fiyat hareketlerini kullanarak anormal getiri elde edemediği piyasalar etkin olarak kabul edilmektedir. Fama (1965,1970) etkin piyasa hipotezi ile piyasalara gelen yeni bilginin piyasalarda hemen yayılacağını ve bu bilginin menkul kıymet fiyatlarına anında yansıyacağını öne sürmektedir. Etkin piyasa hipotezi, finans literatüründe 1990’lı yıllara kadar kabul görmüş ve araştırmacılar tarafından yapılan birçok çalışma ile desteklenmiştir. 1990’lı yılların başlarından itibaren öne sürülen takvim anomalileri, davranışsal hata ve yanlılıklar, yatırımcıların rasyonel olmaması gibi iddialarla etkin piyasanın geçerliliği tartışmaya açık bir hale gelmiştir. Etkin piyasa hipotezinin geçerliliği son yıllarda piyasalara gelen şokların kalıcı etkisi ile de incelenmeye başlanmıştır. Piyasada meydana gelen bir şokun etkisinin kalıcı bir özellik göstermesi piyasanın zayıf formda etkin, şokun etkisinin geçici olması ise piyasanın zayıf formda etkin olmadığına işaret etmektedir. Bu doğrultuda bu çalışmada, Nisan 2003-Mayıs 2020 dönemi için BRICS-T ülke borsa endekslerinde meydana gelen şokların kalıcılık özelliği incelenmiştir.
Yöntem- Çalışmada, ülke borsa endekslerinde meydana gelen kalıcı ve geçici şokları değerlendirmek için yatay kesit bağımlılığını dikkate alan ikinci nesil panel birim kök testlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda ülke borsa endeksleri, yapısal kırılmayı göz ardı eden SURADF ve yapısal kırılmaları dikkate alan Panel KPSS birim kök testleri aracılığıyla incelenmiştir.
Bulgular- Yapısal kırılmayı göz ardı eden ampirik sonuçlara göre, Brezilya, Hindistan ve Türkiye borsalarının durağan olduğu, ancak Rusya, Çin ve Güney Afrika borsalarının durağan olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Yapısal kırılmalı birim kök test sonuçları ise çalışmada incelenen borsa endekslerinin tamamının yapısal kırılmalarla birlikte durağan olduğunu göstermiştir.
Sonuç- Endeks serilerinin durağanlığı, ülkelerde meydana gelen bir şokun endeksler üzerindeki etkisinin geçici olduğunu ve endeksin zaman içinde dengeye geleceğini fakat piyasa etkinliği açısından zayıf formda etkin olmadığına işaret etmektedir. Sonuç olarak bu ülkelerin piyasalarında faaliyet gösteren yatırımcıların geçmiş fiyat hareketlerini takip ederek karlı bir yatırım stratejisi geliştirebileceklerini göstermektedir.

References

  • Atan, S. D., Özdemir, Z. A. (2009). Hisse Senedi Piyasasında Zayıf Formda Etkinlik: İMKB Üzerine Ampirik Bir Çalışma. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 24(2).
  • Borges, M.R., (2010). Efficient market hypothesis in European stock markets. The European Journal of Finance, 16(7), 711-726.
  • Breuer, J. B., McNown, R., Wallace, M. (2002). Series‐specific unit root tests with panel data. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and statistics, 64(5), 527-546.
  • Camelia, O. (2012). Testing Informational Efficiency: The case of U.E. and BRIC emergent markets. Studies in Business and Economics, 7(3), 94-112.
  • Carrion-i-Silvestre J.L., Barrio-Castro, T.D., Lopez-Bazo, E. (2005a.). Breaking the Panels: An Application to the GDP Per Capita, Econometrics Journal, 8, 159-175.
  • Carrion-i-Silvestre J.L., (2005b.). Health Care Expenditure and GDP: Are They Broken Stationary? Journal of Health Economics, 24(5), 939-854.
  • Erdem, E., Ulucak, R. (2016). Efficiency of stock exchange markets in G7 countries: bootstrap causality approach. Economics World, 4(1), 17-24.
  • Fama, E. F. (1965). The behavior of stock-market prices. The journal of Business, 38(1), 34-105.
  • Fama, E. F. (1970). Efficient capital markets: A review of theory and empirical work. The journal of Finance, 25(2), 383-417.
  • Gözbaşı, O., Küçükkaplan, İ., Nazlıoğlu, Ş. (2014). Re-examining the Turkish stock market efficiency: Evidence from nonlinear unit root tests. Economic Modelling, 38, 381-384.
  • Güloglu, B., İvrendi, M. (2010). Output fluctuations: transitory or permanent? the case of Latin America. Applied Economics Letters, 17(4), 381-386.
  • Gyamfi, E. N., Kyei, K. A., Gill, R. (2016). Stationarity of African Stock Markets under an ESTAR framework. EuroEconomica, 35(2).
  • Kiran, S., Rao, P. (2019). Analysis of Stock Market Efficiency in Emerging Markets: Evidence from BRICS. Romanian Economic Journal.
  • Lim, K. P. (2020). Do Asian stock market prices follow random walk? A revisit. International Journal of Management Studies, 11, 129-155.
  • Lo, A. W., MacKinlay, A. C. (1988). Stock Market Prices Do Not Follow Random Walks: Evidence from a Simple Specification Test. The Review of Financial Studies, 1(1), 41-66.
  • Mishra, A., Mishra, V., Smyth, R. (2015). The random-walk hypothesis on the Indian stock market. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 51(5), 879-892.
  • Narayan, P.K. (2005). Are the Australian and New Zealand stock prices nonlinear with a unit root?. Applied Economics, 37(18), 2161-2166.
  • Narayan, P.K., Smyth, R. (2004). Is South Korea's stock market efficient? Applied Economics Letters, 11(11), 707-710.
  • Suresh, K. G., Joseph, A., Sisodia, G. (2013). Efficiency of emerging stock markets: Evidences from “BRICS” stock indices data using nonlinear panel unit root test. Journal of Economic and Financial Modelling, 1(1), 56-61.
  • Tiwari, A. K., Kyophilavong, P. (2014). New evidence from the random walk hypothesis for BRICS stock indices: a wavelet unit root test approach. Economic Modelling, 43, 38-41.
  • Zarei, S., Jafari, S. (2020). Market Efficiency and Long-range Dependence: Evidence from the Tehran Stock Market. Asian Journal of Economics, Finance and Management, 20-28.

PERMANENT AND TRANSITORY SHOCKS IN EMERGING MARKETS

Year 2020, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 93 - 97, 30.07.2020
https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2020.1247

Abstract

Purpose- Markets where investors are rational and where abnormal returns cannot be obtained by using past price movements are considered as efficient. Fama (1965, 1970) suggests that with the efficient market hypothesis, new information coming to the markets will be spread immediately in the markets and this information will be reflected in the securities prices instantly. The efficient market hypothesis has been accepted in the finance literature until the 1990s and has been supported by many studies by researchers. The validity of the efficient market has become open to debate with claims such as calendar anomalies, behavioral errors and biases, and investors not being rational since the early 1990s. The validity of the efficient market hypothesis has started to be examined with the permanent effect of shocks occur the markets in recent years. The fact that the impact of a shock occurring in the market shows a permanent feature indicates that the market is efficient in weak form and if the impact of the shock is transitory, the market is not efficient in weak form. Accordingly, in this study, the permanence property of shocks occurring in BRICS-T country stock indexes for the period of April 2003-May 2020 has been examined.
Methodology- In the study, the second-generation panel unit root tests, which consider the cross-section dependency, were used to evaluate the permanent and transitory shocks in the country stock market indices. Accordingly, country stock market indexes were analyzed through SURADF, which ignores the structural break and Panel KPSS unit root tests, which take into account the structural break.
Findings- According to empirical results which are ignore the structural break, it is found that Brazil, India and Turkey stock markets are stationary, but Russia, China and South Africa stock markets are non-stationary. Structural break unit root test results showed that all stock market indexes examined in the study were stationary with structural breaks.
Conclusion- The stationary of the stock index series indicates that the impact of a shock in the countries on the indices is transitory and the index will stabilize over time, but it is not efficient in weak form in terms of market efficiency. As a result, it shows that investors operating in the markets of these countries can develop a profitable investment strategy by following past price movements.

References

  • Atan, S. D., Özdemir, Z. A. (2009). Hisse Senedi Piyasasında Zayıf Formda Etkinlik: İMKB Üzerine Ampirik Bir Çalışma. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 24(2).
  • Borges, M.R., (2010). Efficient market hypothesis in European stock markets. The European Journal of Finance, 16(7), 711-726.
  • Breuer, J. B., McNown, R., Wallace, M. (2002). Series‐specific unit root tests with panel data. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and statistics, 64(5), 527-546.
  • Camelia, O. (2012). Testing Informational Efficiency: The case of U.E. and BRIC emergent markets. Studies in Business and Economics, 7(3), 94-112.
  • Carrion-i-Silvestre J.L., Barrio-Castro, T.D., Lopez-Bazo, E. (2005a.). Breaking the Panels: An Application to the GDP Per Capita, Econometrics Journal, 8, 159-175.
  • Carrion-i-Silvestre J.L., (2005b.). Health Care Expenditure and GDP: Are They Broken Stationary? Journal of Health Economics, 24(5), 939-854.
  • Erdem, E., Ulucak, R. (2016). Efficiency of stock exchange markets in G7 countries: bootstrap causality approach. Economics World, 4(1), 17-24.
  • Fama, E. F. (1965). The behavior of stock-market prices. The journal of Business, 38(1), 34-105.
  • Fama, E. F. (1970). Efficient capital markets: A review of theory and empirical work. The journal of Finance, 25(2), 383-417.
  • Gözbaşı, O., Küçükkaplan, İ., Nazlıoğlu, Ş. (2014). Re-examining the Turkish stock market efficiency: Evidence from nonlinear unit root tests. Economic Modelling, 38, 381-384.
  • Güloglu, B., İvrendi, M. (2010). Output fluctuations: transitory or permanent? the case of Latin America. Applied Economics Letters, 17(4), 381-386.
  • Gyamfi, E. N., Kyei, K. A., Gill, R. (2016). Stationarity of African Stock Markets under an ESTAR framework. EuroEconomica, 35(2).
  • Kiran, S., Rao, P. (2019). Analysis of Stock Market Efficiency in Emerging Markets: Evidence from BRICS. Romanian Economic Journal.
  • Lim, K. P. (2020). Do Asian stock market prices follow random walk? A revisit. International Journal of Management Studies, 11, 129-155.
  • Lo, A. W., MacKinlay, A. C. (1988). Stock Market Prices Do Not Follow Random Walks: Evidence from a Simple Specification Test. The Review of Financial Studies, 1(1), 41-66.
  • Mishra, A., Mishra, V., Smyth, R. (2015). The random-walk hypothesis on the Indian stock market. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 51(5), 879-892.
  • Narayan, P.K. (2005). Are the Australian and New Zealand stock prices nonlinear with a unit root?. Applied Economics, 37(18), 2161-2166.
  • Narayan, P.K., Smyth, R. (2004). Is South Korea's stock market efficient? Applied Economics Letters, 11(11), 707-710.
  • Suresh, K. G., Joseph, A., Sisodia, G. (2013). Efficiency of emerging stock markets: Evidences from “BRICS” stock indices data using nonlinear panel unit root test. Journal of Economic and Financial Modelling, 1(1), 56-61.
  • Tiwari, A. K., Kyophilavong, P. (2014). New evidence from the random walk hypothesis for BRICS stock indices: a wavelet unit root test approach. Economic Modelling, 43, 38-41.
  • Zarei, S., Jafari, S. (2020). Market Efficiency and Long-range Dependence: Evidence from the Tehran Stock Market. Asian Journal of Economics, Finance and Management, 20-28.
There are 21 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Finance, Business Administration
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Eray Gemici This is me 0000-0001-5449-0568

Publication Date July 30, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 11 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Gemici, E. (2020). GELİŞMEKTE OLAN PİYASALARDA GEÇİCİ VE KALICI ŞOKLAR. PressAcademia Procedia, 11(1), 93-97. https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2020.1247
AMA Gemici E. GELİŞMEKTE OLAN PİYASALARDA GEÇİCİ VE KALICI ŞOKLAR. PAP. July 2020;11(1):93-97. doi:10.17261/Pressacademia.2020.1247
Chicago Gemici, Eray. “GELİŞMEKTE OLAN PİYASALARDA GEÇİCİ VE KALICI ŞOKLAR”. PressAcademia Procedia 11, no. 1 (July 2020): 93-97. https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2020.1247.
EndNote Gemici E (July 1, 2020) GELİŞMEKTE OLAN PİYASALARDA GEÇİCİ VE KALICI ŞOKLAR. PressAcademia Procedia 11 1 93–97.
IEEE E. Gemici, “GELİŞMEKTE OLAN PİYASALARDA GEÇİCİ VE KALICI ŞOKLAR”, PAP, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 93–97, 2020, doi: 10.17261/Pressacademia.2020.1247.
ISNAD Gemici, Eray. “GELİŞMEKTE OLAN PİYASALARDA GEÇİCİ VE KALICI ŞOKLAR”. PressAcademia Procedia 11/1 (July 2020), 93-97. https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2020.1247.
JAMA Gemici E. GELİŞMEKTE OLAN PİYASALARDA GEÇİCİ VE KALICI ŞOKLAR. PAP. 2020;11:93–97.
MLA Gemici, Eray. “GELİŞMEKTE OLAN PİYASALARDA GEÇİCİ VE KALICI ŞOKLAR”. PressAcademia Procedia, vol. 11, no. 1, 2020, pp. 93-97, doi:10.17261/Pressacademia.2020.1247.
Vancouver Gemici E. GELİŞMEKTE OLAN PİYASALARDA GEÇİCİ VE KALICI ŞOKLAR. PAP. 2020;11(1):93-7.

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