Sedanter, sağlıklı, genç erkek bireylerde akut tüm vücut titreşim egzersizinin serum irisin seviyelerine etkileri

Öz

Amaç: Tüm vücut titreşim egzersizi, titreşimli bir pilatform üzerinde statik ve dinamik egzersizlerin yapılabildiği, performansı arttırmak için kullanılan egzersiz modelidir. İrisinin, egzersiz etkisiyle salınan, beyaz yağ dokunun kahverengi yağ dokuya dönüşümünü sağlayarak enerji harcanmasını arttıran bir miyokin olduğu bildirilmiştir. Önceki çalışmalarda, farklı egzersiz türlerinin serum irisin seviyelerinde yaptığı etkiler araştırılmış olmakla birlikte, sedanter, sağlıklı, genç erkek bireylerde tüm vücut titreşim egzersizinin serum irisin seviyeleri üzerine etkisi bilinmemektedir. Bu çalışmada, tek seans uygulanan tüm vücut titreşim egzersizi protokolünü takiben olası serum irisin konsantrasyonu değişikliklerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve yöntem: Çalışmamıza 12 sağlıklı, sedanter erkek birey dahil edilmiştir (ort yaş 21±2,67, beden kitle indeksi 25,37±2,01 kg/m2). Egzersiz programı, titreşimli bir pilatform (Power Plate) üzerinde yapılan 9 tane egzersizden oluşmaktadır. Bireylerden egzersiz öncesi ve hemen sonrası alınan venöz kan örneklerinde, ELISA yöntemi ile serum irisin konsantrasyonu ölçülmüştür. İstatistiksel analiz için Wilcoxon eşleştirilmiş iki örnek testi kullanılmış, p≤0,05 değerleri istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Tüm vücut titreşim egzersizinin serum irisin seviyeleri üzerine etkileri incelendiğinde; egzersizden sonra istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde artış bulunmuştur (egzersiz öncesi 14,31±1,48 pg/mL ve egzersiz sonrası 15,36±1,08 pg/mL; p=0,05). Nabız ve hematokritin tüm vücut titreşim egzersizine cevaben istatistiksel olarak önemli düzeyde arttığı (sırasıyla p=0,011 ve p=0,036), kan glukozunun ise azaldığı gözlenmiştir (p=0,005).
Sonuç: Sedanter, sağlıklı, genç erkek bireylerde tek seans tüm vücut titreşim egzersizi programı sonrası serum irisin seviyelerinin akut olarak artması, irisinin enerji harcanmasında olumlu katkı sağlayabileceğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Tüm vücut titreşim egzersizi
• irisin
• FNDC5

The effects of acute whole-body vibration exercise on serum irisin levels in sedentary, healthy young males

Abstract

Purpose: Whole-body vibration exercise is an exercise model used to increase performance, in which static and dynamic exercises can be performed on a vibrating platform. It has been reported that irisin is a myokine that is released by the effect of exercise and increases energy expenditure by transforming white adipose tissue into brown adipose tissue. Although the effects of different exercise types on serum irisin levels have been investigated in previous studies, the effects of whole-body vibration exercise on serum irisin levels in sedentary healthy young male individuals is still unknown. In this study, it was aimed to investigate possible serum irisin concentration changes following a single bout of whole-body vibration exercise protocol.
Materials and methods: Our study included 12 healthy sedentary male individuals (mean age 21±2.67, body mass index 25.37±2.01 kg/m2). The exercise training program consists of 9 exercises performed on a vibrating platform (Power Plate). Serum irisin concentration in venous blood samples was measured by ELISA method obtained from individuals before and immediately after exercise. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used for statistical analysis, and p≤0.05 values were considered statistically significant.
Results: When the effects of whole-body vibration exercise on serum irisin levels were examined; statistically significant increase was found after exercise (before exercise 14.31±1.48 pg/mL and after exercise 15.36±1.08 pg/mL respectively; p=0.05). Heart rate and hematocrit increased significantly (p=0.011 and p=0.036, respectively) in response to whole-body vibration exercise, while blood glucose decreased (p=0.005).
Conclusion: The acute increase in serum irisin levels after a single bout of whole-body vibration exercise program in sedentary healthy young male individuals shows that irisin may contribute to energy expenditure positively.

Keywords

• Whole-body vibration exercise
• irisin
• FNDC5

References

1. Referans1. Pedersen BK, Febbraio MA. Muscles, exercise and obesity: skeletal muscle as a secretory organ. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2012; 8(8):457–465. https://doi:10.1038/nrendo.2012.49
2. Referans2. Huh JY, Panagiotou G, Mougios V ve ark. FNDC5 and irisin in humans: I. Predictors of circulating concentrations in serum and plasma and II. mRNA expression and circulating concentrations in response to weight loss and exercise. Metabolism 2012;61(12):1725–1738. https://doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2012.09.002
3. Referans3. İnci A ve Ünübol Aypak S. İrisin ve Metabolik Etkileri. Turkiye Klinikleri J Endocrin 2016;11(1):15-21. https://doi: 10.5336/endocrin.2016-49995
4. Referans4. Kim H, Wrann CD, Jedrychowski M ve ark. Irisin Mediates Effects on Bone and Fat via αV Integrin Receptors. Cell 2018;175(7):1756–1768.e17. https://doi:10.1016/j.cell.2018.10.025
5. Referans5. Boström P, Wu J, Jedrychowski MP ve ark. A PGC1-a-dependent myokine that drives brown-fat-like development of white fat and thermogenesis. Nature 2012;481(7382):463-468. https://doi:10.1038/nature10777
6. Referans6. Zhang Y, Li R, Meng Y ve ark. Irisin stimulates browning of white adipocytes through mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 MAP kinase and ERK MAP kinase signaling. Diabetes. 2014;63(2):514-25. https://doi:10.2337/db13-1106
7. Referans7. Tsuchiya Y, Ando D, Takamatsu K, Goto K. Resistance exercise induces a greater irisin response than endurance exercise. Metabolism 2015. pii: S0026-0495(15)00142-0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2015.05.010
8. Referans8. Huh JY, Mougios V, Skraparlis A, Kabasakalis A, Mantzoros CS. Irisin in response to acute and chronic whole-body vibration exercise in humans. Metabolısm clınıcal and experımental 2014;63:918-921. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2014.04.001

9. Referans9. Greulich T, Nell C, Koepke J ve ark. Benefits of whole body vibration training in patients hospitalised for COPD exacerbations - a randomized clinical trial. BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014;14:60. http://doi:10.1186/1471-2466-14-60
10. Referans10. Huh JY, Siopi A, Mougios V, Park KH, Mantzoros CS. Irisin in response to exercise in humans with and without metabolic syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015; jc.2014-2416. https://doi: 10.1210/jc.2014-2416
11. Referans11. Colaianni G, Cinti S, Colucci S, Grano M. Irisin and musculoskeletal health. In “MARROW” Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 2017;xxxx: 1–5. https://doi: 10.1111/nyas.13345
12. Referans12. Daskalopoulou SS, Cooke AB, Gomez YH ve ark. Plasma irisin levels progressively increase in response to increasing exercise workloads in young, healthy, active subjects. European Journal of Endocrinology 2014;171:343–352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/EJE-14-0204
13. Referans13. Özbay S, Ulupınar S, Şebin E, Altınkaynak K. Acute and chronic effects of aerobic exercise on serum irisin, adropin, and cholesterol levels in the winter season: indoor training versus outdoor training. Chin J Physiol 2020;63:21-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/CJP.CJP_84_19
14. Referans14. Tsuchiya Y, Ando D, Goto K, Kiuchi M, Yamakita M, Koyama K. High-intensity exercise causes greater irisin response compared with low-intensity exercise under similar energy consumption. Tohoku J Exp Med 2014;233:135-140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1620/tjem.233.135
15. Referans15. Torre-Saldaña VA, Gómez-Sámano MÁ, Gómez-Pérez FJ ve ark. Fasting insulin and alanine amino transferase, but not fgf21, were independent parameters related with irisin increment after intensive aerobic exercising. Rev Invest Clin 2019;71(2):133-140. http://dx.doi.org/10.24875/RIC.18002764
16. Referans16. Jawzal KH, Alkass SY, Hassan AB, Abdulah DM. The effectiveness of military physical exercise on irisin concentrations and oxidative stress among male healthy volunteers. Horm Mol Biol Clin Invest 2020;41(3):20200007. https://doi.org/10.1515/hmbci-2020-0007
17. Referans17. Murawska-Cialowicz E, Wolanski P, Zuwala-Jagiello J ve ark. Effect of HIIT with tabata protocol on serum irisin, physical performance, and body composition in men. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020;17(10):3589. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103589.
18. Referans18. Jedrychowski MP, Wrann CD, Paulo JA ve ark. Detection and quantitation of circulating human irisin by tandem mass spectrometry. Cell Metab 2015;22(4):734-740. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2015.08.001
19. Referans19. Eaton M, Granata C, Barry J, Safdar A, Bishop D, Little JP. Impact of a single bout of high-intensity interval exercise and short-term interval training on interleukin-6, FNDC5, and METRNL mRNA expression in human skeletal muscle. J Sport Health Sci 2018;7(2):191-196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2017.01.003.
20. Referans20. Park KH, Zaichenko L, Brinkoetter M ve ark. Circulating irisin in relation to insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013;98(12):4899–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2013-2373
21. Referans21. Timmons JA, Baar K, Davidsen PK, Atherton PJ. Is irisin a human exercise gene? Nature 2012;488(7413):E9-10;discussionE10-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature11364.
22. Referans22. Fernandez-del-Valle M, Short MJ, Chung E ve ark. Effects of high-intensity resistance training on circulating levels of irisin in healthy adults: a randomized controlled trial. Asian J Sports Med2018;9(2):e13025. http://dx.doi.org/10.5812/asjsm.13025
23. Referans23. Raschke S, Elsen M, Gassenhuber H ve ark. Evidence against a beneficial effect of irisin in humans. PLoS One 2013;8(9):e73680. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0073680
24. Referans24. Huberman MA, d'Adesky ND, Niazi QB, Perez-Pinzon MA, Bramlett HM, Raval AP. Irisin-associated neuroprotective and rehabilitative strategies for stroke. Neuromolecular Med 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12017-021-08666-y [Epub ahead of print].
25. Referans25. Nakanishi N, Nakamura K, Suzuki K, Matsuo Y, Tatara K. Associations of body mass index and percentage body fat by bioelectrical impedance analysis with cardiovascular risk factors in Japanese male office workers. Ind Health 2000;38(3):273-279. https://doi.org/10.2486/indhealth.38.273
26. Referans26. Perakakis N, Triantafyllou GA, Fernández-Real JM ve ark. Physiology and role of irisin in glucose homeostasis. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2017;13(6):324-337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrendo.2016.221
27. Referans27. Komka Z, Szilágyi B, Molnár D ve ark. High-resolution dynamics of hemodilution after exercise-related hemoconcentration. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2022. https://doi.org/ 10.1123/ijspp.2021-0133 [Epub ahead of print].
28. Referans28. Tsuchiya Y, Ijichi T, Goto K. Effect of sprint training on resting serum irisin concentration - Sprint training once daily vs. twice every other day. Metabolism 2016;65(4):492-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2015.12.006
29. Referans29. Jandova T, Buendía-Romero A, Polanska H ve ark. Long-term effect of exercise on irisin blood levels-systematic review and meta-analysis. Healthcare 2021;9(11):1438. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9111438