Epidemiology, aetiology and clinical characteristics of ischaemic stroke in young adults: a retrospective study from Denizli, Türkiye

Year 2023, , 188 - 194, 05.04.2023

Selin Betaş , Zeynep Ünlütürk , Çağatay Öncel

https://doi.org/10.31362/patd.1142810

Abstract

Purpose: The incidence of cerebrovascular disease (CVD) in young adults is approximately 6-26 per 100,000 worldwide, and this numbers are increasing every year. Stroke aetiology among young adults are more diverse than those among older adults and require extensive diagnostic work-up. The aim of our study is to determine risk factors and stroke etiology in stroke patients aged 45 years and younger, followed in our clinic for the last 10 years, and to compare them with literature.
Materials and methods: The study is included in the patients between the age of 18-45 years and are followed by Ischemic CVD in Pamukkale University Neurology clinic between January 2010 and November 2020.The clinical and demographic data of the patients were retrospectively analyzed.
Results: The most common risk factor was smoking (31.4%); hypertension (20.2%), diabetes mellitus (14.4%), hyperlipidemia (14.4%) and coronary arterial disease (11.6%) were following it. According to Trial of Org in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST)classification there were, large vessel disease in 13.4%, small vascular disease in 19.8%, cardioembolism in 16.7%, other determined aetiology in 11.5% and the most frequently stroke of undetermined etiology in 38.6%. The most common reason in other determined aetiology was Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome.
Conclusion: The incidence of young stroke is increasing every year and it is necessary to determine the underlying reasons to prevent and to give treatment for aetiology. Thus this will contribute to head off major health care costs, loss of workforce and to save young lives.

Keywords

Young stroke aetiology, stroke in young adults, ischemic stroke

Supporting Institution

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Genç erişkinlerde iskemik inmenin epidemiyoloji, etiyoloji ve klinik özellikleri: Denizli ili retrospektif tek merkez verileri

Abstract

Amaç: Genç erişkinlerde serebrovasküler hastalık (SVH) insidansı dünyada yaklaşık 100.000'de 6-26'dır ve bu oran her yıl artmaktadır. Genç erişkinlerde inme etiyolojisi, yaşlılara göre daha çeşitlidir ve kapsamlı tanısal çalışma gerektirir. Çalışmamızın amacı, kliniğimizde son 10 yıldır takip edilen 45 yaş ve altı inme hastalarında risk faktörlerini ve inme etiyolojisini belirlemek ve literatürle karşılaştırmaktır.
Gereç ve yöntem: Çalışmaya Pamukkale Üniversitesi Nöroloji Kliniği’nde Ocak 2010-Kasım 2020 tarihleri arasında İskemik SVH ile takip edilen 18-45 yaş arası hastalar dahil edilmiştir. Hastaların klinik ve demografik verileri retrospektif olarak incelenmiştir.
Bulgular: En sık görülen risk faktörü sigara (%31,4) iken; hipertansiyon (%20,2), diabetesmellitus (%14,4), hiperlipidemi (%14,4) ve koroner arter hastalığı (%11,6) bunu izlemekteydi. Trial of Org in AcuteStrokeTreatment (TOAST) sınıflamasına göre etiyoloji: %13,4 büyük damar hastalığı, %19,8 küçük damar hastalığı, %16,7 kardiyoembolizm, %11,5 diğer etiyoloji idi ve hastaların çoğunu (%38,6) etiyolojisi belirlenemeyen inmeler oluşturuyordu. Belirlenen diğer etiyolojide en sık neden Antifosfolipid Antikor Sendromu idi.
Sonuç: Genç erişkinlerde inme insidansı her yıl artmakta olup, altta yatan nedenlerin belirlenmesi ve etiyolojisine yönelik tedavi verilmesi gerekmektedir. Böylece, bakım maliyetlerinin, işgücü kaybının önüne geçilmesine ve genç hayatların kurtarılmasına katkıda bulunulacaktır.

Keywords

genç yaş inme etyolojisi, gençlerde inme, iskemik inme

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