Fractal analysis and radiomorphometric indices: comparison of mandibular bone structure changes on digital panoramic radiographs of smokers

Year 2024, , 117 - 128, 01.01.2024

Berrin Çelik , Zeynep Betül Arslan

https://doi.org/10.31362/patd.1333987

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to assess how smoking affected the mandibular bone structure using a variety of radiomorphometric indices and fractal dimension (FD) analysis.
Material and methods: 56 patients—28 smokers and 28 non-smokers—were included in this retrospective study. In the trabecular bone of the mandible, eight areas of interest of 45x45 pixels were chosen, and fractal dimension analysis was carried out. All digital panoramic radiographs were used to measure the mandibular index and mandibular cortical width. All values were compared between groups. Utilizing the Shapiro-Wilk test, independent samples t-test and Mann-Whitney U test, collected data were evaluated.
Results: A total of 56 patients between the ages of 18 and 52 were evaluated, 28 in the study group (12 female and 16 male) and 28 in the control group (12 female and 16 male). There was a statistically significant difference between the groups in ROI4 and ROI8, but not in the mean FD values of ROI1, ROI2, ROI3, ROI5, ROI6 and ROI7 in the mandibular trabecular bone. No statistically significant differences between groups were seen for PMI and MCW measures (p>0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between genders only in FD values of ROI5 and PMI measurements (p<0.05). The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values for the FD, PMI and MCW measurements had excellent reliability.
Conclusions: The trabecular bone structures of the anterior of the mental foramen and the condyle were different in smokers. There was no difference in cortical bone structures.

Keywords

Fractal dimension, radiomorphometric indices, smoker, panoramic radiography, osteoporosis

Fraktal analiz ve radyomorfometrik indeksler: sigara içenlerin dijital panoramik radyografilerinde mandibular kemik yapısındaki değişikliklerin karşılaştırılması

Abstract

Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı, çeşitli radyomorfometrik indeksler ve fraktal boyut (FB) analizi kullanarak sigaranın mandibular kemik yapısını nasıl etkilediğini değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve yöntem: Bu retrospektif çalışmaya 56 hasta (28 sigara içen ve 28 sigara içmeyen) dahil edildi. Mandibulada, trabeküler kemikte 45x45 piksellik sekiz ilgi alanı seçildi ve fraktal boyut analizi yapıldı. Mandibular indeks ve mandibular kortikal genişliği ölçmek için dijital panoramik radyografiler kullanıldı. Tüm değerler gruplar arasında karşılaştırıldı. Shapiro-Wilk, bağımsız örneklem t-testi ve Mann-Whitney U testleri kullanılarak toplanan veriler değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Çalışma grubunda 28 (12 kadın, 16 erkek), kontrol grubunda 28 (12 kadın, 16 erkek) olmak üzere yaşları 18 ile 52 arasında değişen toplam 56 hasta değerlendirildi. Gruplar arasında mandibular trabeküler kemikte ROI4 ve ROI8’de istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark vardı, ancak ROI1, ROI2, ROI3, ROI5, ROI6 ve ROI7’nin ortalama FB değerlerinde fark yoktu. PMI ve MCW ölçümleri için gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark görülmedi (p>0.05). Cinsiyetler arasında yalnızca ROI5’in FB değerleri ve PMI ölçümlerinde istatiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık vardı (p<0.05). FB, PMI ve MCW ölçümleri için sınıf içi korelasyon katsayısı (ICC) değerleri mükemmel güvenilirliğe sahipti.
Sonuç: Mental foramenin anterioru ve kondil bölgesindeki trabeküler kemik yapıları sigara içenlerde farklıydı. Kortikal kemik yapılarında fark yoktu.

Keywords

Fraktal boyut, radyomorfometrik indeksler, sigara, panoramik radyografi, osteoporoz

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