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Socio-Emotional e-Competencies Scale: The Study of Adaptation to Turkish, Validity and Reliability

Year 2024, Issue: 62, 101 - 119, 23.09.2024
https://doi.org/10.9779/pauefd.1312832

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to adapt the Socio-Emotional e-Competencies Scale into Turkish and evaluate its psychometric properties. The study group consists of 455 adolescents (270 females / 185 males) aged between 14 and 18. The construct validity of the scale was examined by confirmatory factor analysis, and it was found that the five-factor structure consisting of 25 items was confirmed as in the original version. The Emotional Intelligence Scale was used for criterion-related validity, and a moderately significant positive correlation (r=.39, p<0.01) was found between socio-emotional e-competencies and emotional intelligence. The composite reliability (CR) and average variance extracted (AVE) for the Socio-Emotional e-Competencies Scale were calculated, and the convergent validity of the scale was established by finding that the CR values obtained for the scale and its factors ranged between .75 and .96, while the AVE values ranged between .40 and .58. The reliability of the Socio-Emotional e-Competencies Scale and its sub-scales was examined using Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients were found to be .87 for the emotional e-conscience subscale, .75 for the emotional e-regulation subscale, .78 for the e-self-control of impulsiveness subscale, .83 for the emotional e-independence subscale, .77 for the social e-competency subscale, and .77 for the whole scale. In addition, it was concluded that the corrected item-total correlations of the scale ranged between .39 and .74, and all differences between the %27 upper and lower groups were significant. The results of the study showed that the Socio-Emotional e-Competencies Scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool.

References

  • Attanasio, O., Blundell, R., Conti, G., & Mason, G. (2020). Inequality in socio-emotional skills: A cross-cohort comparison. Journal of Public Economics, 104171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2020.104171
  • Adela, M., Mihaela, S., Elena-Adriana, T., & Monica, F. (2011). Evaluation of a program for developing socio-emotional competencies in preschool children. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 30, 2161–2164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.419
  • Alzahrani, M., Alharbi, M., & Alodwani, A. (2019). The effect of social-emotional competence on children academic achievement and behavioral development. International Education Studies, 12(12), 141–149. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v12n12p141
  • Avcı, Ö. (2019). Duygusal zekâ ve iletişim (2. Baskı). Beta Yayınları.
  • Ay, İ. & Temel, G. (2021). Sosyal-Duygusal Yetkinlik Ölçeği’nin Türkçeye uyarlanması ve güvenilirlik-geçerlilik çalışması. IBAD Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, (10), 142-160. https://doi.org/10.21733/ibad.839544
  • Beauchamp, M. H., & Anderson, V. (2010). Social: An integrative framework for the development of social skills. Psychological Bulletin, 136, 39–64. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0017768
  • Brown, T. A. (2015). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research (2nd ed.). NY Guilford Publications.
  • Cebollero-Salinas, A., Cano-Escoriaza, J., & Orejudo, S. (2022). Social networks, emotions, and education: Design and validation of e-com, a scale of socio-emotional interaction competencies among adolescents. Sustainability, 14(5), 2566. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14052566
  • Çalık, D. & Çınar, P. Ö. (2009). Geçmişten Günümüze Bilgi Yaklaşımları Bilgi Toplumu ve İnternet. XIV. Türkiye’de İnternet Konferansı Bildirileri, İstanbul, 12-13 Aralık 2009, 77-88.
  • Çalışır, G. (2015). Kişilerarası iletişimde kullanılan bir araç olarak sosyal medya: Gümüşhane üniversitesi iletişim fakültesi öğrencilerine yönelik bir araştırma. Humanities Sciences, 10(3), 115-144. https://doi.org/10.12739/NWSA.2015.10.3.4C0197
  • Denham, S. A., Blair, K. A., DeMulder, E., Levitas, J., Sawyer, K., Auerbach-Major, S., & Queenan, P. (2003). Preschool emotional competence: Pathway to social competence? Child Development, 74(1), 238–256. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00533
  • Domitrovich, C. E., Durlak, J. A., Staley, K. C., & Weissberg, R. P. (2017). Social-Emotional Competence: An essential factor for promoting positive adjustment and reducing risk in school children. Child Development, 88(2), 408–416. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12739
  • Ekşi, H., Tuncer, E. & Avcu, A. (2019). Sosyal Duygusal Yeterlik Anketi’nin (SDYA) Türkçe’ye adaptasyonu: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Marmara Üniversitesi Atatürk Eğitim Fakültesi Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 50(50), 109-124. https://doi.org/10.15285/maruaebd.586819
  • Filiz, B. & Durnalı, M. (2019). Delaware Sosyal-Duygusal Yeterlik Ölçeğinin (DSDY-Ö) Türk diline uyarlanması. Kuramsal Eğitimbilim Dergisi, 12(3), 962-977. https://doi.org/10.30831/akukeg.458032
  • Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50. https://doi.org/10.2307/3151312
  • Gentina, E., Tang, T. L.-P., & Dancoine, P.-F. (2018). Does gen Z’s emotional intelligence promote iCheating (cheating with iPhone) yet curb iCheating through reduced nomophobia? Computers & Education, 126, 231–247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2018.07.011
  • Goleman, D. P. (1995). Emotional intelligence: Why it can matter more than IQ for character, health and lifelong achievement. Bantam Books.
  • Goleman, D. (2003). Maxed emotions. Business Strategy Review, 14(2), 26–32. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8616.00256
  • Gresham, F. M., & Reschly, D. J. (1988). Issues in the conceptualization, classification and assessment of social skills in the mildly handicapped. Advances in School Psychology, 6, 203-247. https://doi.org/10.1177/073724770002600107
  • Hu, L., & Bentler, P.M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6(1), 1-55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
  • Kayıhan, N. Ş. & Arslan, S. (2016). Duygusal Zekâ Ölçeği: Bir ölçek uyarlama çalışması. FSM İlmî Araştırmalar İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Dergisi, (7), 137-145. https://doi.org/10.16947/fsmia.238934
  • Kılıç, S. (2021). Cronbach’ın alfa güvenirlik katsayısı. Journal of Mood Disorders (JMOOD), 6(1), 47-48. https://doi.org/10.5455/jmood.20160307122823
  • Kline, R. B. (2005). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (2nd ed.). The Guilford Press.
  • Kumcağız, H., Özdemir, Y. T. & Demir, Y. (2019). Ergenlerde sosyal medya kullanımının akademik başarı ve arkadaşlık ilişkilerine etkisi. International Journal of Social Science Research, 8(2), 1–17.
  • Lechner, M. C., Anger, S., & Rammstedt, B. (2019). Socio-emotional skills in education and beyond: Recent evidence and future research avenues. Becker, R. (Ed), Research Handbook on the Sociology of Education içinde (s. 427–453). Edward Elgar Publishing Limited.
  • Lee, H., & Kwak, Y. (2011). Development and initial validation of a trait emotional intelligence scale for Korean adults. Asia Pacific Education Review, 13(2), 209–217. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12564-011-9175-8
  • Lopes, P. N., Brackett, M. A., Nezlek, J. B., Schütz, A., Sellin, I., & Salovey, P. (2004). Emotional intelligence and social interaction. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 30(8), 1018–1034. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167204264762
  • Marín-López, I., Zych, I., Monks, C.P., Ortega-Ruiz, R. (2019). Empathy, morality and social and emotional competencies in interpersonal interactions online. In: Coetzee, M. (Ed.), Thriving in Digital Workspaces (pp. 217-233). Springer, Cham.
  • Mavroveli, S., Petrides, K. V., Rieffe, C., & Bakker, F. (2007). Trait emotional intelligence, psychological well-being and peer-rated social competence in adolescence. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 25(2), 263–275. https://doi.org/10.1348/026151006X118577
  • Meyers, L. S., Gamst, G., & Guarino, A. J. (2006). Applied multivariate research: Design and interpretation. Sage.
  • Nasaescu, E., Marín-López, I., Llorent, V.J., & Zych, I. (2018). Abuse of technology in adolescence and its relation to social and emotional competencies, emotions in online communication, and bulling. Computer in Human Behavior, 88, 144-120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.06.036
  • Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory (3rd ed.). McGraw-Hill Önalan Akfırat, F. (2006). Sosyal yeterlilik, sosyal beceri ve yaratıcı drama. Yaratıcı Drama Dergisi, 1(1), 40-58.
  • Öztürk, F. M. & Talas, M. (2015). Sosyal medya ve eğitim etkileşimi. Zeitschrift für die Welt der Türken, 7(1), 101–120.
  • Parhomenko, K. (2014). Diagnostic methods of socio–emotional competence in children. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 146, 329–333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.08.142
  • Rammstedt, B., Danner, D., & Lechner, C. (2017). Personality, competencies, and life outcomes: Results from the German PIAAC longitudinal study. Large-Scale Assessments in Education, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40536-017-0035-9
  • Repetto, E., Pena, M., Mudarra J. M., & Uribarri, M. (2007). Guidance in the area of socio-emotional competencies for secondary students in multicultural contexts. Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology, 5(1), 159-178.
  • Schermelleh-Engel, K., & Moosbrugger, H. (2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness-of-fit measures. Methods of Psychological Research Online, 8(2), 23-74. https://doi.org/10.23668/psycharchives.12784
  • Schumacker, R. E., & Lomax, R. G. (2016). A beginner’s guide to structural equation modeling (4th Ed.). Routledge.
  • Shrestha, N. (2021). Factor analysis as a tool for survey analysis. American Journal of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, 9(1), 4-11. https://doi.org/10.12691/ajams-9-1-2
  • Sorrenti, G., Zölitz, U., Ribeaud, D., & Eisner, M. (2020). The causal impact of socio-emotional skills training on educational success. Working Paper 343, University of Zurich, Department of Economics. https://doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdae018
  • Şahin, Ş. & Özçelik, Ç. Ç (2016). Ergenlik dönemi ve sosyalleşme. Cumhuriyet Hemşirelik Dergisi, 5(1), 42-49.
  • Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2007). Using multivariate statistics (5th ed.). Allyn & Bacon
  • Trentacosta, C. J., & Fine, S. E. (2010). Emotion knowledge, social competence, and behavior problems in childhood and adolescence: A meta-analytic review. Social Development, 19(1), 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9507.2009.00543.x
  • Tuğrul, C. (1999). Duygusal zeka. Klinik Psikiyatri, (1), 12-20.
  • Türkileri İnselöz, N. & Uçanok, Z. (2013). Ergenlerde sanal zorbalık: Nedenler, duygular ve baş etme yollarının niteliksel analizi. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 16(32), 20-44.
  • Uluç, G. & Yarcı, A. (2017). Sosyal medya kültürü. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, (52), 88–102.
  • Ülker, İ. H. (2008). Kurumsal liderlikte duygusal yeterlik. Ekonomik ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 4(2), 74-84.
  • Vural Akıncı, B. Z. & Bakır, U. (2007). Distopyan perspektiften bilgi iletişim teknolojileri ve insanlığın geleceği. Selçuk İletişim, 5(1), 5–21. https://doi.org/10.18094/si.78471

Sosyo-Duygusal e-Yeterlikler Ölçeği: Türkçeye Uyarlama, Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması

Year 2024, Issue: 62, 101 - 119, 23.09.2024
https://doi.org/10.9779/pauefd.1312832

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı Sosyo-Duygusal e-Yeterlikler Ölçeği’ni Türkçeye uyarlamak ve psikometrik özelliklerini değerlendirmektir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu yaşları 14 ile 18 arasında değişen 455 ergen (270 kız / 185 erkek) oluşturmaktadır. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliği doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile incelenmiş, 25 maddeden oluşan beş faktörlü yapının orijinalindeki gibi doğrulandığı görülmüştür. Ölçüt bağıntılı geçerlik için Duygusal Zeka Ölçeği kullanılmış, sosyo-duygusal e-yeterlikler ile duygusal zeka arasında orta düzeyde pozitif yönlü anlamlı ilişki (r=,39, p<.01) bulunmuştur. Ölçek ve faktörlerine ilişkin kompozit güvenirlik katsayısı (CR) ve ortalama varyans açıklama oranı (AVE) hesaplanmış, CR değerinin .75 ile .96 arasında, AVE değerinin ise .40 ile .58 arasında değiştiği görülmüş, ölçeğin yakınsak geçerliği sağlanmıştır. Sosyo-Duygusal e-Yeterlikler Ölçeği’nin ve alt boyutlarının güvenirliği Cronbach alfa iç tutarlılık katsayısı ile incelenmiş, Cronbach alfa katsayısı e-duygusal bilinç alt boyutu için .0,87; e-duygu düzenleme alt boyutu için .0,75; e-dürtüsellik özdenetimi alt boyutu için .0,78; e-duygusal bağımsızlık alt boyutu için .0,83; e-sosyal yeterlik alt boyutu için .0,77 ve ölçeğin tamamı için .0,77 olarak bulgulanmıştır. Ayrıca ölçeğin düzeltilmiş madde toplam korelasyonlarının .39 ile .74 arasında yer aldığı ve %27’lik alt-üst gruplar arasındaki tüm farkların anlamlı olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonuçları Sosyo-Duygusal e-Yeterlikler Ölçeği’nin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğunu göstermiştir.

References

  • Attanasio, O., Blundell, R., Conti, G., & Mason, G. (2020). Inequality in socio-emotional skills: A cross-cohort comparison. Journal of Public Economics, 104171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2020.104171
  • Adela, M., Mihaela, S., Elena-Adriana, T., & Monica, F. (2011). Evaluation of a program for developing socio-emotional competencies in preschool children. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 30, 2161–2164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.419
  • Alzahrani, M., Alharbi, M., & Alodwani, A. (2019). The effect of social-emotional competence on children academic achievement and behavioral development. International Education Studies, 12(12), 141–149. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v12n12p141
  • Avcı, Ö. (2019). Duygusal zekâ ve iletişim (2. Baskı). Beta Yayınları.
  • Ay, İ. & Temel, G. (2021). Sosyal-Duygusal Yetkinlik Ölçeği’nin Türkçeye uyarlanması ve güvenilirlik-geçerlilik çalışması. IBAD Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, (10), 142-160. https://doi.org/10.21733/ibad.839544
  • Beauchamp, M. H., & Anderson, V. (2010). Social: An integrative framework for the development of social skills. Psychological Bulletin, 136, 39–64. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0017768
  • Brown, T. A. (2015). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research (2nd ed.). NY Guilford Publications.
  • Cebollero-Salinas, A., Cano-Escoriaza, J., & Orejudo, S. (2022). Social networks, emotions, and education: Design and validation of e-com, a scale of socio-emotional interaction competencies among adolescents. Sustainability, 14(5), 2566. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14052566
  • Çalık, D. & Çınar, P. Ö. (2009). Geçmişten Günümüze Bilgi Yaklaşımları Bilgi Toplumu ve İnternet. XIV. Türkiye’de İnternet Konferansı Bildirileri, İstanbul, 12-13 Aralık 2009, 77-88.
  • Çalışır, G. (2015). Kişilerarası iletişimde kullanılan bir araç olarak sosyal medya: Gümüşhane üniversitesi iletişim fakültesi öğrencilerine yönelik bir araştırma. Humanities Sciences, 10(3), 115-144. https://doi.org/10.12739/NWSA.2015.10.3.4C0197
  • Denham, S. A., Blair, K. A., DeMulder, E., Levitas, J., Sawyer, K., Auerbach-Major, S., & Queenan, P. (2003). Preschool emotional competence: Pathway to social competence? Child Development, 74(1), 238–256. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00533
  • Domitrovich, C. E., Durlak, J. A., Staley, K. C., & Weissberg, R. P. (2017). Social-Emotional Competence: An essential factor for promoting positive adjustment and reducing risk in school children. Child Development, 88(2), 408–416. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12739
  • Ekşi, H., Tuncer, E. & Avcu, A. (2019). Sosyal Duygusal Yeterlik Anketi’nin (SDYA) Türkçe’ye adaptasyonu: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Marmara Üniversitesi Atatürk Eğitim Fakültesi Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 50(50), 109-124. https://doi.org/10.15285/maruaebd.586819
  • Filiz, B. & Durnalı, M. (2019). Delaware Sosyal-Duygusal Yeterlik Ölçeğinin (DSDY-Ö) Türk diline uyarlanması. Kuramsal Eğitimbilim Dergisi, 12(3), 962-977. https://doi.org/10.30831/akukeg.458032
  • Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50. https://doi.org/10.2307/3151312
  • Gentina, E., Tang, T. L.-P., & Dancoine, P.-F. (2018). Does gen Z’s emotional intelligence promote iCheating (cheating with iPhone) yet curb iCheating through reduced nomophobia? Computers & Education, 126, 231–247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2018.07.011
  • Goleman, D. P. (1995). Emotional intelligence: Why it can matter more than IQ for character, health and lifelong achievement. Bantam Books.
  • Goleman, D. (2003). Maxed emotions. Business Strategy Review, 14(2), 26–32. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8616.00256
  • Gresham, F. M., & Reschly, D. J. (1988). Issues in the conceptualization, classification and assessment of social skills in the mildly handicapped. Advances in School Psychology, 6, 203-247. https://doi.org/10.1177/073724770002600107
  • Hu, L., & Bentler, P.M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6(1), 1-55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
  • Kayıhan, N. Ş. & Arslan, S. (2016). Duygusal Zekâ Ölçeği: Bir ölçek uyarlama çalışması. FSM İlmî Araştırmalar İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Dergisi, (7), 137-145. https://doi.org/10.16947/fsmia.238934
  • Kılıç, S. (2021). Cronbach’ın alfa güvenirlik katsayısı. Journal of Mood Disorders (JMOOD), 6(1), 47-48. https://doi.org/10.5455/jmood.20160307122823
  • Kline, R. B. (2005). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (2nd ed.). The Guilford Press.
  • Kumcağız, H., Özdemir, Y. T. & Demir, Y. (2019). Ergenlerde sosyal medya kullanımının akademik başarı ve arkadaşlık ilişkilerine etkisi. International Journal of Social Science Research, 8(2), 1–17.
  • Lechner, M. C., Anger, S., & Rammstedt, B. (2019). Socio-emotional skills in education and beyond: Recent evidence and future research avenues. Becker, R. (Ed), Research Handbook on the Sociology of Education içinde (s. 427–453). Edward Elgar Publishing Limited.
  • Lee, H., & Kwak, Y. (2011). Development and initial validation of a trait emotional intelligence scale for Korean adults. Asia Pacific Education Review, 13(2), 209–217. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12564-011-9175-8
  • Lopes, P. N., Brackett, M. A., Nezlek, J. B., Schütz, A., Sellin, I., & Salovey, P. (2004). Emotional intelligence and social interaction. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 30(8), 1018–1034. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167204264762
  • Marín-López, I., Zych, I., Monks, C.P., Ortega-Ruiz, R. (2019). Empathy, morality and social and emotional competencies in interpersonal interactions online. In: Coetzee, M. (Ed.), Thriving in Digital Workspaces (pp. 217-233). Springer, Cham.
  • Mavroveli, S., Petrides, K. V., Rieffe, C., & Bakker, F. (2007). Trait emotional intelligence, psychological well-being and peer-rated social competence in adolescence. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 25(2), 263–275. https://doi.org/10.1348/026151006X118577
  • Meyers, L. S., Gamst, G., & Guarino, A. J. (2006). Applied multivariate research: Design and interpretation. Sage.
  • Nasaescu, E., Marín-López, I., Llorent, V.J., & Zych, I. (2018). Abuse of technology in adolescence and its relation to social and emotional competencies, emotions in online communication, and bulling. Computer in Human Behavior, 88, 144-120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.06.036
  • Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory (3rd ed.). McGraw-Hill Önalan Akfırat, F. (2006). Sosyal yeterlilik, sosyal beceri ve yaratıcı drama. Yaratıcı Drama Dergisi, 1(1), 40-58.
  • Öztürk, F. M. & Talas, M. (2015). Sosyal medya ve eğitim etkileşimi. Zeitschrift für die Welt der Türken, 7(1), 101–120.
  • Parhomenko, K. (2014). Diagnostic methods of socio–emotional competence in children. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 146, 329–333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.08.142
  • Rammstedt, B., Danner, D., & Lechner, C. (2017). Personality, competencies, and life outcomes: Results from the German PIAAC longitudinal study. Large-Scale Assessments in Education, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40536-017-0035-9
  • Repetto, E., Pena, M., Mudarra J. M., & Uribarri, M. (2007). Guidance in the area of socio-emotional competencies for secondary students in multicultural contexts. Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology, 5(1), 159-178.
  • Schermelleh-Engel, K., & Moosbrugger, H. (2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness-of-fit measures. Methods of Psychological Research Online, 8(2), 23-74. https://doi.org/10.23668/psycharchives.12784
  • Schumacker, R. E., & Lomax, R. G. (2016). A beginner’s guide to structural equation modeling (4th Ed.). Routledge.
  • Shrestha, N. (2021). Factor analysis as a tool for survey analysis. American Journal of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, 9(1), 4-11. https://doi.org/10.12691/ajams-9-1-2
  • Sorrenti, G., Zölitz, U., Ribeaud, D., & Eisner, M. (2020). The causal impact of socio-emotional skills training on educational success. Working Paper 343, University of Zurich, Department of Economics. https://doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdae018
  • Şahin, Ş. & Özçelik, Ç. Ç (2016). Ergenlik dönemi ve sosyalleşme. Cumhuriyet Hemşirelik Dergisi, 5(1), 42-49.
  • Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2007). Using multivariate statistics (5th ed.). Allyn & Bacon
  • Trentacosta, C. J., & Fine, S. E. (2010). Emotion knowledge, social competence, and behavior problems in childhood and adolescence: A meta-analytic review. Social Development, 19(1), 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9507.2009.00543.x
  • Tuğrul, C. (1999). Duygusal zeka. Klinik Psikiyatri, (1), 12-20.
  • Türkileri İnselöz, N. & Uçanok, Z. (2013). Ergenlerde sanal zorbalık: Nedenler, duygular ve baş etme yollarının niteliksel analizi. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 16(32), 20-44.
  • Uluç, G. & Yarcı, A. (2017). Sosyal medya kültürü. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, (52), 88–102.
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There are 48 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Psychological Counseling and Guidance (Other)
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Mustafa Remzi Atay 0000-0003-2902-560X

Seher Balcı Çelik 0000-0001-9506-6528

Early Pub Date July 10, 2024
Publication Date September 23, 2024
Submission Date June 11, 2023
Acceptance Date May 3, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Issue: 62

Cite

APA Atay, M. R., & Balcı Çelik, S. (2024). Sosyo-Duygusal e-Yeterlikler Ölçeği: Türkçeye Uyarlama, Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi(62), 101-119. https://doi.org/10.9779/pauefd.1312832