DİJİTAL GÖÇEBELERİN DESTİNASYON SEÇİMİ: KÜMELEME TABANLI ÇOK KRİTERLİ KARAR VERME YAKLAŞIMI

Abstract

Dijital göçebeler, çevrim içi çalışma hayatlarını sürdürürken yaşadıkları destinasyonları değiştirdikçe, çok kriterli bir karar verme problemiyle karşı karşıya kalmaktadır. Maliyet, güvenlik, teknolojik altyapı, yaşam standartları, vize olanakları gibi çeşitli faktörler ile çok sayıda ülke arasından en uygun seçimin yapılması gerekmektedir. Bu noktada çok kriterli karar verme yaklaşımları dijital göçebeler için bir karar mekanizması sunmaktadır. Bu amaçla, çalışma kapsamında 40 ülkenin dijital göçebeler tarafından tercih edilebilirlikleri altı kriter doğrultusunda değerlendirilmiştir. Ülkeler k-ortalamalar yöntemiyle kümelere ayrılmış, farklı özelliklere sahip kümeler için kararda etkili olacak kriterlerin önem düzeyleri Centroidous yöntemiyle ortaya konulmuştur. Ardından her küme için ülkelerin tercih edilme sıralamaları COBRA yöntemiyle elde edilmiştir. Bulgular, farklı özelliklere sahip kümelerde yer alan destinasyonların tercih edilmelerinde etkili olan karar dinamiklerinin değişkenlik gösterdiğini ve politika önerilerinin bağlama duyarlı şekilde geliştirilmesi gerektiği ortaya koymuştur. Elde edilen bulgular dijital göçebeleri çekmek isteyen ülkeler için uygulanabilir stratejik yol haritaları sunmaktadır. Çalışma, sürdürülebilir kentleşme ve dijital göçebelik alanında çok kriterli karar verme yaklaşımlarının uygulaması olarak literatüre önemli bir katkı sağlayacaktır.

Keywords

• Dijital göçebe
• Destinasyon seçimi
• Kümeleme
• Çok kriterli karar verme

DESTINATION SELECTION OF DIGITAL NOMADS: A CLUSTER-BASED MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION-MAKING APPROACH

Abstract

As digital nomads continue their online working lives while changing their places of residence, they face a multi-criteria decision-making problem. Among a wide range of countries, they must select the most suitable destination based on various factors such as cost, safety, technological infrastructure, living standards, and visa accessibility. Currently, multi-criteria decision-making approaches offer a systematic decision-support mechanism for digital nomads. Accordingly, this study evaluates the preferability of 40 countries for digital nomads based on six criteria. Countries were first grouped using the k-means clustering algorithm, and for each resulting cluster, the importance levels of the criteria were determined using the Centroidous method. Subsequently, countries were ranked within each cluster using the COBRA method. The findings reveal that the decision dynamics influencing destination preferences vary across clusters with different characteristics and highlight the necessity of developing context-sensitive policy recommendations. The results offer practical strategic roadmaps for countries aiming to attract digital nomads. This study provides a significant contribution to the literature as an application of MCDM approaches in the context of sustainable urbanization and digital nomadism.

Keywords

• Digital nomad
• Destination selection
• Clustering
• Multi-criteria decision making

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