A GUIDE FOR QUALITATIVE DATA ANALYSIS IN SOCIAL SCIENCES

Year 2022, Issue: 51, 319 - 345, 09.08.2022

Arzu Toker

https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.1112493

Cited By: 4

Abstract

Ontological assumptions that social reality is standardized and predictable, or that it is constantly reconstructed through human interactions, affect the research topics choice of the researchers, how they formulate questions, and how they conduct research. The researcher's ontological perspective is reflected in these epistemological inquiries, which indicate how to obtain information about the nature of reality. These philosophical approaches serve as instruments for framing how the research process should progress, from the type of research questions to how data will be acquired and analyzed to data interpretation and provide a viewpoint on the social world. This research focuses on qualitative data analysis, which is one of the most difficult processes in qualitative research methodologies that aim to comprehend and interpret the social world in its natural setting and is critical to the research's success. It aims to develop a guide that will assist novice researchers who desire to conduct qualitative data analysis. To achieve this aim, the steps of qualitative data analysis are explained. Content analysis and thematic analysis which are the basic qualitative data analysis methodologies are described within the context of the disciplines on which they are founded. Qualitative data analysis methodologies, which are most used in the field of social sciences, are clarified by stressing the distinctions between the fundamental ideas.

Keywords

Qualitative Data Analysis, Qualitative Content Analysis, Thematic Analysis, Narrative Analysis, İnterpretative Phenomenological Analysis, Conversation Analysis, Discourse Analysis, Semiotic Analysis, Grounded Theory

SOSYAL BİLİMLERDE NİTEL VERİ ANALİZİ İÇİN BİR KILAVUZ

Abstract

Sosyal gerçekliğin kalıplaşmış ve tahmin edilebilir olduğu veya insan etkileşimleri ile sürekli olarak yeniden inşa edildiğine yönelik ontolojik varsayımlar, bir araştırmacının araştırma konusunun seçimini, soruları nasıl biçimlendireceğini, araştırmayı nasıl yürüteceğini etkiler. Gerçekliğin doğasına ilişkin bilgilere ulaşmanın yollarını gösteren bu epistemolojik sorular, araştırmacının ontolojik duruşunun yansımasıdır. Bu felsefi anlayışlar, yanıtlanacak araştırma sorularının türüne, verilerin nasıl toplanacağı ve hangi yöntemlerle analiz edileceğine, verilerinin yorumlanmasına kadar araştırma sürecinin nasıl ilerlemesi gerektiğini çerçevelemeye hizmet eden ve sosyal dünyaya bir bakış açısı sağlayan araçlardır. Bu çalışma; sosyal dünyayı doğal ortamında anlamaya ve yorumlamaya çalışan nitel araştırma yöntemleriyle yürütülen araştırmalardaki en zorlu ve araştırmaların başarısında önemli rol oynayan adımlardan biri olan nitel veri analizleri ile ilgilidir. Çalışmanın amacı, nitel veri analizi yapmak isteyen özellikle genç araştırmacılara yol gösterecek bir kılavuz oluşturmaktır. Bu amacı gerçekleştirmek için nitel veri analizinin aşamaları açıklanmış; temel nitel veri analiz yöntemleri olan içerik analizi ve tematik analiz dayandıkları disiplinler çerçevesinde detaylandırılmıştır. Temel kavramların arasındaki farklılıklar vurgulanarak sosyal bilimler alanında en yaygın uygulama alanı bulan nitel veri analiz yaklaşımları özetlenmiştir.

Keywords

Nitel Veri Analizi, Nitel İçerik Analizi, Tematik Analiz, Anlatı Analizi, Yorumlayıcı Fenomenolojik Analiz, Konuşma Analizi, Söylem Analizi, Göstergebilim Analizi, Temellendirilmiş Kuram

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