Yaşamın Erken Dönemlerinde Yaşanan Lezzet Deneyimleri Besin Tercihlerini Nasıl Etkiliyor?

Yıl 2017, , 38 - 46, 01.04.2017

Seray Kabaran

https://doi.org/10.4274/jcp.78941

Öz

Besinlerin lezzeti ile erken dönemde yaşanan deneyimler, çocukların yaşam boyu sürecek olan besin tercihlerinin ve beslenme alışkanlıklarının gelişimine zemin hazırlamaktadır. Besinlerin lezzeti ile tanışma, gebelik süresince annenin tükettiği besinlerin lezzetinin amniyotik sıvıya geçmesi ile başlamaktadır. Annenin diyetinden amniyotik sıvıya geçen bazı lezzetler fetüs tarafından farkedilmektedir. Anne sütünün lezzeti de annenin beslenmesinde yer alan besinlerin lezzetinden etkilenmektedir. Böylece anne sütü ile beslenme süresince de bebek farklı lezzetler ile tanışmaktadır. Anne sütüne geçebilen lezzetler, laktasyon süresince anne sütünün lezzetinin sürekli değişmesini, böylece bebeğin yeni lezzetlere alışmasını sağlamaktadır. Bunun sonucunda, anne sütü ile beslenen bebekler yeni ve farklı lezzetleri, mama ile beslenen bebeklere göre daha kolay kabul etmektedir. Lezzetlerle tanışma süreci tamamlayıcı besinlere başlanması ve besinlerin direk tüketimi ile de devam etmektedir. Belirli bir besinin lezzetine maruz kalınması ve farklı zamanlarda tekrar tekrar denenmesi, o besinin kabulünü kolaylaştırmaktadır. Ayrıca, bu dönemde farklı ve çeşitli besinlerin lezzeti ile tanışan bebekler, tek tip beslenenlere göre yeni besinleri daha kolay kabul etmektedir. Bu durum yaşamın erken döneminden itibaren besin çeşitliliğinin sağlanmasının önemini göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak, gebelik ve emziklilik süresince annelerin diyetinde sağlıklı besinlerden oluşan çeşitliliğin sağlanması ve bebeklerini anne sütü ile beslemeleri için teşvik edilmeleri oldukça önemlidir. Buna ek olarak, tamamlayıcı besinlere başlanması ile birlikte çocukların tekrarlayan deneyimlerle sağlıklı ve çeşitli besinlerin lezzetine alışmalarının sağlanması gereklidir. Böylece ilerleyen dönemlerde sağlıklı besinleri tercih ederek sağlıklı beslenme alışkanlığı kazanmaları sağlanabilir

Anahtar Kelimeler

Erken deneyimler, anne sütü, lezzet, yeni besinler, besin tercihleri

How can Early Life Flavor Experiences Affect Food Preferences?

Öz

Early experiences with food flavors lead up to children’s food preferences and develop long-lasting flavor preferences and healthy eating habits. The process of flavor learning begins during pregnancy by the foods eaten by mothers which pass to the amniotic fluid. Some flavors coming from the mother’s diet that pass to the amniotic fluid are detected by the fetus. This flavor learning continues after birth with breastfeeding, since the human milk is composed of flavors which reflect the foods consumed by the mother. Flavor composition in human milk which changes during the course of lactation due to the transmission of flavors into human milk enables the baby to get used to new flavors. Therefore, breastfed infants are likely to accept flavor changes and novel flavors more than formula fed infants. Flavor learning continues with starting complementary foods and eating the foods directly. Exposure to a specific flavor and repeated exposures in different times may facilitate the acceptance of this flavor. Furthermore, infants exposed to a variety of foods accept new flavors than infants following a monotonous diet. This underlines the importance of promoting the access to a variety of foods in early childhood. In conclusion, pregnant and lactating women should have variety. of healthy foods in their diets with a variety of flavors and they should be encouraged to breastfeed their babies. In addition, starting complementary foods and early repeated exposure to a wide variety of healthy foods, the infants should get familiar with the flavor of healthy and various food. These factors may influence the development of healthy food preferences and healthy eating habits in later periods.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Early experiences, breast milk, flavor, new foods, food preferences

Kaynakça

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